• 환경영향평가
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1993

Most developing countries are experiencing rapid urbanization and the associated growth of industry and services. Cities are currently absorbing two-thirds of the total population in the developing world. Korea has about 85 percent of urban dwellers. World population will shift from being predominantly rural to predominantly urban around the turn of the century. Although cities play a key role in development process and make more than a proportionate contribution to national economic growth, especially cities are also the main catalysts of economic growth in developing countries, they can also be unhealthy, inefficient, and inequitable places to live. Most developing countries are increasingly unable to provide basic environmental infrastructure and services, whether in the megacities or in secondary urban centers. Of particular concern is the strain on natural resources brought by the increasing number of people, cars, and factories. They are generating ever greater amounts of urban wastes and emissions. They also exceed the capacity of regulatory authorities to control them and of nature to assimilate them. The environmental consequences are translated into direct negative impacts on human health, the quality of life, the productivity of the city, and the surrounding ecosystems. Environmental degradation threatens the long tenn availability and quality of natural resources critical to economic growth. Cities, with their higher and growing per capita energy use for domestic, industrial, and transport purpose also contribute a disproportionate share of the emission leading to global warming and acid rain. An important priority is to develop strategic approaches for managing the urban environment. The design of appropriate and lasting strategic responses requires first an understanding of the underlying causes of urban environmental deterioration, it is necessary that longer tenn objectives should be set for urban area to avoid irreversible ecological damage and to ensure lasting economic development. As a means to the preventive policies against the adverse effect, environmental impact assessment (EIA) serve to identify a project's possible environmental consequences early enough to allow their being taken into consideration in the decision making process for urban planning. This paper describes some considerations of EIA for urban planning-scoping, assessment process, measurement and prediction of impacts, pollution controls and supervision, and system planning for environmental preservation.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.26-38
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• 2006

For both a healthy environment and sustainable development, we frame a habitat assessment method, concerning biodiversity and physical characteristics. With the method, we set up and extract conservation areas from Peace Valley Resort Development Areas which can function as habitats. Absolute and relative assessment items which are the size of area, habitation of species with conservation value, distribution of communities, functions of habitats, ratio of non-native plants, connectivity of habitats, vegetation layers of forests and age of forests, and water systems are considered on newly extracted conservation areas, and the habitat value assessment was calculated on the items in a 3-point scale. By comparing and examining 3 existing proposals for extracted conservation areas, we assess existing proposals, make an alternative proposal, and try to verify the possibility of applicability to extracted conservation areas. Proposal A and C must not be adopted since almost all conservation areas would be developed in the proposals. Proposal B, consisting of 53% development areas and 47% non-development areas, does not have enough development areas, so high density building arrangements should be encouraged in order to preserve conservation areas. Therefore, proposal B would be the best in ecological terms among the 3 proposals, if 3 conditions are considered : 1) new extracted conservation areas should be conserved; 2) 10~15m wide green-zones on both sides of the water system, which can play a role as ecological corridors, should be considered in development areas; 3) building arrangement should not interrupt the ecological corridors.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.272-285
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• 2015

Accurate assessment of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations in inland waters using remote sensing is challenging due to the optical complexity of case 2 waters. and the inherent optical properties (IOPs) of natural waters are the most significant factors affecting light propagation within water columns, and thus play indispensable roles on estimation of Chl-a concentrations. Despite its importance, no IOPs retrieval model was specifically developed for inland water bodies, although significant efforts were made on oceanic inversion models. So we have applied and validated a recently developed Red-NIR three-band model and an IOPs Inversion Model for estimating Chl-a concentration and deriving inland water IOPs in Lake Uiam. Three band and IOPs based Chl-a estimation model accuracy was assessed with samples collected in different seasons. The results indicate that this models can be used to accurately retrieve Chl-a concentration and absorption coefficients. For all datasets the determination coefficients of the 3-band models versus Chl-a concentration ranged 0.65 and 0.88 and IOPs based model versus Chl-a concentration varied from 0.73 to 0.83 respectively. and Comparison between 3-band and IOPs based models showed significant performance with decrease of root mean square error from 18% to 33.6%. The results of this study provides the potential of effective methods for remote monitoring and water quality management in turbid inland water bodies using hyper-spectral remote sensing.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2015

모바일 환경의 발달로 인하여 온라인 컴퓨터에서만 가능해 보였던 RPG 장르가 이제는 모바일에서도 가능한 환경이 되었다. 하지만 모바일은 온라인 컴퓨터와 하드웨어 환경이 다른 만큼 RPG의 기본 요소와 틀은 유지하되 모바일 환경에 맞게 변형되거나 이식되었다. 전투밸런스에 대한 평가 모델 연구가 존재하지만 MMORPG를 중심으로 한 평가모델로 모바일 RPG에 적용하기에는 적합하지 않다. 그 이유는 기존의 모델에서는 사용자의 컨트롤 능력이나 다른 사용자들, 게임 오브젝트의 변수들이 많이 존재하기 때문에 가장 기본적인 요소들만을 사용할 수 밖에 없었다. 그래서 기존 모델에서는 전투밸런스에 대한 가이드 라인만 제시하는 정도였다. 이 논문에서는 기존에 평가 모델에서 적용하기 어려웠던 보너스 효과 (버프와 너프, 그리고 패시브 능력)을 포함시켜 최근 모바일 RPG 트랜드에도 적용이 가능한 평가모델을 만들고자 하였다. 그 결과 기존의 모델에서는 측정하지 않았던 항목도 계산이 가능하였다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.319-327
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• 2023

국가수준 교육과정의 기본적 접근방법이 내용중심에서 역량중심으로 전환됨에 따라 과정중심 평가의 중요성이 강조되고 있다. 이에 따라 교사의 평가자로서의 역할 역시 과정중심 평가에 초점이 맞추어지고 있으며, 임용을 앞둔 예비교사들에게도 과정중심 평가의 역량을 개발하는 것은 중시되고 있다. 본 연구는 예비교사의 과정중심 평가 역량개발을 지원하기 위하여 교원양성대학 교과목을 개선하여 운영하고 그 효과를 탐색하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구 목적을 달성하기 위하여 C 교육대학교에서 운영되는 한 교과목을 PBL 중심으로 재구성하여 운영하고 과정중심 평가의 관점에서 예비 초등교사에게 미치는 효과를 분석하였다. 수강생들의 프로젝트 결과물, 관찰노트, 수강생 반응 등의 자료 분석을 통해 PBL 활동 경험이 예비 초등교사들의 과정중심 평가에 대한 인식과 이해에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 점을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 PBL과 같이 과정중심 평가관이 반영된 학습 경험을 제공하는 것이 예비교사의 과정중심 평가 역량 개발에 중요한 역할을 할 수 있다는 점을 시사해준다. 본 연구의 결과는 예비교사의 과정중심 평가역량 개발을 위한 교원양성대학의 교육과정과 수업의 혁신을 위한 구체적 방법을 제시해줄 수 있을 것이다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.9-20
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to survey the current status of mental health education and need for mental health education enhancing protective factors in the elementary schools. Methods: We surveyed 10 school health teachers and 328 fifth- and sixth-grade students using 19- and 20-item questionnaires, respectively. Results: All of the teachers and 65.2% of the students replied that they were either teaching or being taught mental health in school. Topics covered suicide, depression, school violence, and Internet addiction. All of the teachers and 84.1% of the students expressed the need for mental health education enhancing protective factors in school. Both groups replied that two sessions are enough. The teachers preferred role play and discussion as teaching methods, and audiovisual materials and computer as instructional media. The students preferred lecture and role play as teaching methods, and audiovisual materials and smartphone as instructional media. Both groups ranked self-esteem, parent-child relationship, peer relationship, and emotional regulation as the most important topics to be covered in the education. Conclusion: There is a high demand for mental health education enhancing protective factors. Therefore, it is recommended to develop educational programs enhancing protective factors by enabling formal and informal learning using smartphone.

• 교육시설
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.22-32
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• 2005

This paper is to propose a design possibility that incorporates participatory process and also to emphasize the participatory process applied to the planning of outdoor playground space open to the neighboring community. Community design based on the participation method can be understood as an attitude about a force for change in the creation and management of environments for people who are the major users of them. Planning for outdoor space is an integral part of school education and a vital component of child development. For the design of outdoor space of Samyang Elementary School it first needs to examine the current and emerging needs of students, teachers and parents as community residents through the participatory design method. A series of workshops and interviews are taken to identify dreams and ideal spaces of each group. An assessment of existing school spaces and design possibility of reprogrammed outdoor spaces are proposed to match the major demands of participants. Selected outdoor places are chosen and designed to accommodate options for various play settings and to make the school pleasant places where members of the neighborhood can gather for relaxation in restful surroundings.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2004

The purposes of this study were to investigate the quality (structure and process) of home-based day care and center-based day care, and to examine socio-emotional development among infants who were in both types of day care. The subjects of this study were 101 infants who were in home-based day care and 181 infants who were in center-based day care. The measurements were socio-emotional development scale and assessment scales for day care programs. Results indicated that, first, home-based day care did not significantly differ from center-based day care in terms of structure. Second, home-based day care were, to some degree, significantly different from center-based day care in the process： home-based day care had better play environment and play activities than did center-band day care. Lastly, there were significant differences in socio-emotional development among infants according to the type of day care： infants in home-based day care were more independent to their teacher and felt more secure in child care homes than was true for the infants in center-based day care.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.231-256
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• 2016

이 글에서는 국가수준 학업성취도 평가 문항의 중학교 남녀학생별 평균 정답률을 바탕으로, 성차가 나타난 성취기준을 살펴보고자 한다. 성취기준은 교육과정을 구성하는 가장 작은 단위로서 교사가 수업 계획을 세우는 기준 단위가 되기도 한다. 수업 계획은 시수에 따라 구상하게 되는데, 그 시수를 결정하는 것이 성취기준이다. 그러므로 성취기준에서 나타난 성차에 관한 객관적인 정보는 수업 계획을 세우는 단계에서 성차를 해소화기 위한 방안을 구상하는 데 중요한 역할을 할 것이다. 또한 이 연구는 앞으로 수학에서 나타나는 성차를 연구하는 데 중요한 지표로서 역할을 할 것으로 기대된다.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2015

Purpose - The present study examines interrelationships among antecedent factors defining consumer behavior in selecting online shopping websites. Research design, data, and methodology - The study identified factors from existing literature and used Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) to propose a conceptual approach to explain consumer website selection behavior. Through extensive discussions among industry and academia experts, qualitative assessment of the relationship between various factors was determined. Results - According to the model, eight congregating factors do not converge directly for website selection, rather, they operate following a hierarchy of influence. The ISM and MICMAC analysis reveal that information on a website and website aesthetics play key roles in influencing website selection. However, convenience and the value proposition also play very significant roles. Conclusions - The study's findings can help the e-commerce industry, especially online retailers. The findings can be used to enhance e-retailer ability to attract, communicate, engage, achieve, monitor, and evaluate web traffic and design appropriate strategies. The study's prime contribution is the application of Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) to the field of website selection.