• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.220-227
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• 2023

Rose crown gall caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a major disease that damages the production of cutroses in Korea. The effective prevention methods for this disease include the use of resistant varieties. This study was conducted to evaluate the resistance of 58 Korean cultivars and six foreign cultivars to crown gall disease with nodal explants in vitro. Among 180 A. tumefaciens strains, pathogenic strain RC12 was selected as an inoculant strain. The strain RC12 was identified based on characteristics of some selective media, pathogenicity test, and polymerase chain reaction analysis. Forty rose cultivars formed tumors on explants inoculated with A. tumefaciens RC12. However, 24 cultivars, including 22 Korean cultivars and 2 foreign cultivars, showed resistance to A. tumefaciens RC12 without forming any tumors. Six cultivars with tumor formation rates of over 30% formed initial tumors within 23 days after inoculation. Six cultivars with low tumor formation rates of around 5% formed initial tumors after 28 days of inoculation. It was found that gall formation rate was highly correlated with the initial gall formation period. Thus, the relationship between the period of gall formation and the rate of gall formation could be useful for assessing resistance to crown gall disease. In vitro inoculation methods could be used to evaluate resistance of cut-rose cultivars to crown gall diseases.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.201-209
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• 2018

Canine mammary tumors are among the most frequently observed cutaneous tumors in female dogs. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), referred to as tumor-initiating cells, are thought to have properties similar to normal stem cells such as the ability to self-renewal and to differentiate into various cell types. Biological understanding of CSCs and the critical pathways involved in their maintenance are important in research and therapy for mammary tumors. We conducted the present study on sphere formation from REM134 cells by using methylcellulose to produce tumorspheres on a large scale and compared the specific markers of the spheres-formed and plating-cultured REM134 cells. The results revealed that the tumorspheres cultured in methylcellulose had higher seeding density and improved morphology compared to those produced in normal sphere formation medium. Expression levels of stemness markers and CSC-related markers were higher in tumorsphere-forming cells than in plating-cultured cells. Subsequently, we transplanted the tumorsphere-forming and plating-cultured cells into female nude mice to examine their tumorigenic potential. Tumor volume increased rapidly in mice transplanted with tumorsphere-derived cells compared to plating-cultured cells. We observed a novel sphere-forming condition for REM134 cells and showed that REM134 cell tumorspheres can exhibit improved CSC properties.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.70.2-70
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• 2003

To evaluate the resistance to crown gall in grape rootstocks, cuttings from twenty seven grape rootstocks were inoculated with Agrobacterium vitis Cheonan 493 and size of galls from grapevines was measured in a greenhouse. Tumors were formed in all varieties of grape rootstocks tested in this study and no grape rootstock variety was immune to crown gall. Tumors were found on the stems of all plants tested in '196-17'and '41B' Based on measuring size and weight of galls formedon the stem of grape rootstocks, '779P' was extremely susceptible to crown gall. Some varieties such as 'Gloire', '140R', '101-l4M', '3309C', and '333EM' found to be resistant, while '99R', '1447P', 'Rupestris du lot', '110R', 'Freedom', and '41B'were susceptible and '1103P', '5C', '420A', 'Golia', and '5BB' were moderately susceptible to crown gall.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.350-353
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• 1996

The effects of acid hydrolysis product of Panax ginseng and MeOH extract of Euphorbia humifusa on the growth of human brain tumor cells were evaluated using U-373 MG human astrocytoma and SK-N-MC human neuroblastoma cells as model cellular systems. These plant extracts induced cytotoxicity in both cells in a dose-dependent manner. These cytotoxic effects were significantly inhibited by GSH, an antioxidant, in both cells. BAPTA/AM, an intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ chelator, significantly blocked the cytotoxic effects of these extracts in U-373 cells, but enhanced these effects in SK-N-MC cells. These results suggest that the plant extracts may be a valuable choice for the studies on the treatment of human brain tumors.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.43-47
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• 1996

Macrophages play an important role in host defense against tumors by killing tumor cells. Our work is directed toward studying the effect of the extracts of Salvia plebeia on induction of antitumor activity in macrophages, since it has been usezd as a folk-medicine for the treatment of hepatitis and tumors. The ability of macrophage treated with the plant extracts to inhibit the growth of tumor cells was assessed. The Extracts of the plant induced antitumor activity and could enhance the tumoricidal activity of macrophages when used in combination with $IFN-{\gamma}$. These results suggest that Salvia plebeia extract contain immunomodulatory factors responsible for the induction of the antitumor activity.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.176-176
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• 1998

This study was carried out to obtain the information for growth characteristics of crown gall tumor and hairy root transformed by Agrobacterium spp,. on the media with phytohormones, casein hydrolysate and activated charoal. Crown gall tumors and hairly roots were formed respectively on potato tuber discs infected by tumerfaciens A ch 5 and A.rhizogenes ATCC15834. These tumors and roots could be grown on the phytohormone free media. PCR analysis of Rol C and Vir C gene fragments confirmed that crown gall root was prompted on the medium containing 2,4-D 2mg/l with casein hydrolysate lg/l. The survival ration of crown gall tumor callus derived from potato increased on medium containing the activated charcoal 0.5∼0.2mg/l because of the prevention, on the other hand, hairly roots were necrosis on the same medium. Callus derived from hairly root were excellently grown for a short time by suspension culture on liquid medium containing 2.4-d 2mg/L and casein hydrolysate lg/l.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.179-187
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• 1998

This study was carried out to obtain the information for growth characteristics of crown gall tumor and hairy root transformed by Agrobacterium spp,. on the media with phytohormones, casein hydrolysate and activated charoal. Crown gall tumors and hairly roots were formed respectively on potato tuber discs infected by tumerfaciens A ch 5 and A.rhizogenes ATCC15834. These tumors and roots could be grown on the phytohormone free media. PCR analysis of Rol C and Vir C gene fragments confirmed that crown gall root was prompted on the medium containing 2,4-D 2mg/l with casein hydrolysate lg/l. The survival ration of crown gall tumor callus derived from potato increased on medium containing the activated charcoal 0.5∼0.2mg/l because of the prevention, on the other hand, hairly roots were necrosis on the same medium. Callus derived from hairly root were excellently grown for a short time by suspension culture on liquid medium containing 2.4-d 2mg/L and casein hydrolysate lg/l.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.275-283
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• 1986

Inoculation of carrot discs with Agrobacterium rhizogenes harboring Ri plasmid resulted in transformation of cells, as revealed by the tumors and hairy roots arising from them. Measurements of IAA content using HPLC indicate that it is higher in tumors and inoculated tissues than in uninoculated tissue. A lot of meristemoids and vessel elements formed I tumor tissue and the hairy roots differentiated from meristemoids. IAA content in tumor tissues is decreased with hairy root and vessel elements formation from them. Formation of wound callus in uninoculated tissues resulted on wound healing but no formation of vessel elements and hairy roots. Tumor tissues show continuous growing on hormone free medium.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 1977

In an attempt to deduce which plants might have been used for their anticancer activities in traditional oriental herb medicine, 127 prescriptions were selected from 'Dong-Eui-Bo-Gam', the Classic Handbook of Korean Traditional Medicine, written by $H_{UH}$ Jun and published in 1613. These are the prescriptions indicated for the systemic treatment of various tumors and some conditions resembling tumors, e.g. inflammatory masses and indurations, and they include 150 natural products of plant origin. The frequency of appearance of each medicinal plant in these selected prescriptions was compared with the frequency of its appearance in all prescriptions listed in 'Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyon', another popular Oriental Medicine Formulary in Korea, written by $H_{WANG}\;Pil-Su$ in 1885. From the latter book, $H_{ONG}$ has recently enumerated frequencies of 235 medicinal plants included in a total of 467 prescriptions. Chi-square tests revealed that 11 plant remedies appear with significantly higher frequency in the prescriptions for "tumors", and 10 for "inflammations". The plants with potential antitumor activities, in decreasing order of statistical significance, are Scirpus maritimus, Curcuma zedoaria, Prunus persica, Rheum coreanum, Foeniculum vulgare, Rhus vernifera, Daphne pseudogenkwa, Galarhaeus sieboldiana, Croton tiglium, Raphanus sativus and Galarhaeus pekinensis. The drugs for potential antibacterial or anti-inflammatory activities are Olibanum(Frankincense), Forsythia coreana, Lonicera japonica, Gleditchia officinalis, $M_{YRRH}$, Trichosanhes kirilowii, Astragalus membranaceus, Rheum coreanum, Platycodon grandiflorum and Fritillaria verticillata. Despite the uncertainties involved in the terminology of various diseases used in pre-modern medicine, and the reservations about the efficacy of remedies used for those diseases, it would be worthwhile to investigate these few selected plants for anticancer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory or antifungal effects, employing modern scientific methodology.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 1991

As a possible step to evaluate in the mammary gland the role of motherwort (Leonurus sibiricus L), a representative medicinal plant used traditionally for the therapy of gynecologic diseases, the effects of the agent on lactation which was suppressed by preganacy-dependent mammary tumors (PDMT) were studied in GR/A mice. Beginning the day of placing with males at 45-50 days of age, female mice were given 60% methanol-extract of the aerial part of motherwort as drinking water at the concentration of 0.5% throughout the experiment. Mice developing PDMT during pregnancy [PDMT(+)] and given motherwort were similar to mice developing no PDMT [PDMT(_)] with or without motherwort treatment and were significantly higher than PDMT(+) mice given tap water in litter growth and mammary RNA/DMA ratio on day 12 of the 2nd lactation. Mammary DNA and RNA contents were also elevated by motherwort in PDMT(+) mice. The results suggest that motherwort can ameliorate lactation suppressed by PDMT through its stimulation of both growth and function of the mammary glands.