• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.2499-2504
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• 2013

Applications of dynamic position control are especially focused on cancellation of unknown disturbance against nonlinear dynamic plants. Control performance is technically dependent upon observation methodology of such disturbance signals. This paper presents a novel control strategy by using linear actuators based on CAN communication networks. Disturbance is measured from placing a ball on a flat plant and image processing technique is applied to observe dynamic position of a ball system. We devise a neural network based PI control system to realize robust control of the dynamic system.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.23 no.4 s.61
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• pp.209-214
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• 1984

Since 1980, burley tobacco plants grown mainly in the western hat of the Korea. have shown two new types of disease symptom. Both symptoms were found to be caused by two different PVY strains : the vein banding type by a PVY strain designated as PVY-VB and necrosis on leaf veins by a PVY strain designated as PVY-VN, Identification of the PVY strains was based on host range test. aphid( Myzus Persicae) transmission test, physical properties, serology, and observation of virus particle morphology. The virus particles were measured to be about 730 nm without any difference in shape or dimensions between the two strains. Both strains also gave a positive reaction to the PVY antiserum in SDS-agar gel double diffusion test. These strains, however, gave a negative reaction to the tobacco etch virus and tobacco vein mottling virus antisera.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.75-82
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• 2009

Saengshik is an uncooked and powdered functional food composed of various edible plants, and has been consumed widely due to its health benefits and convenient uptake. Recently, superfine ground saengshik, which contains a certain extent of nanoscale particles, has been commercialized to enhance efficacy, but its safety has not been determined. This study was conducted to evaluate the food safety of superfine saengshik (SS) through general toxicity examination after oral uptake in mice compared to conventional fine saengshik (FS). The SS particle size distribution was 0.479-26.303 f.1m in diameter, with about 68.92% of particles with a diameter < $0.955{\mu}m$. From our safety evaluation, the number of white blood cells (WBCs) and biochemical values in the serum fell into the normal range, and the weight of organs showed no significant difference between FS and SS groups. Histological observation of the liver, small intestine and large intestine did not show any abnormal or pathological findings under light microscopy. Our results suggest that oral intake of SS is not harmful to mice in terms of general toxicity.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.573-580
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• 2003

In Taiwan there are 21 Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators (MSWI) built to treat 80% of the MSW nationwide. Approximately 2,000 tons of incineration ashes of municipal waste contain reaction ash and fly ash (3:1 by weight)will be produced daily, and this may cause a serious waste problem. According to EPA regulations, reaction ash and fly ash produced after incineration should be properly treated. Landfill capacity barely meets the general demands. More efficient actions should be planned and taken. The study found 'reclamation' should be the optimal solution to this problem. Only limited research and previous successful experiences are available among other countries. An incinerator in Northern Taiwan is chosen for this study to make environmental bricks from the reaction ash and fly ash. From the previous tests, the results of strength test were measured. From the previous test results, the fly ash products have not reached the desired strength; hence, reaction ash is chosen for further pilot study. In the experiment, incineration ashes, cement and gravel are mixed in the ratio of 1:1:1(by weight), to ground concretization aggregate and pelletization aggregate, the concrete products made from the aggregates were of the strength of 108 $kgf/cm^2$ and 142 $kgf/cm^2$ individually. For the purpose of making nonstructural walls which met the State Building Standards. In the study, 50 tons of concrete products was yielded from aggregate and environmental bricks. Further observation and supervision are recommended to ascertain the resource recycling and reclamation. EPA has planned to build three 'Recycling Plants' in northern, middle and southern Taiwan to develop efficient techniques to produce concrete products, sub-base course, soundproofing wall, gravel, artificial fishing reefs, tiles, drainage, bricks and etc. This experiment of the demonstrative plant solves the problem of the incineration ashes and opens another opportunity to reclaim them.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.74-94
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• 2016

Objectives : YangHyulEum Gami-Bang(YHEG) is a hair care extracts which is composed of fourteen plant extracts used in oriental medicine. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of YangHyulEum Gami-Bang(YHEG) on the alopecia and hair growth.Methods & Results : The herbal extracts from YangHyulEum Gami-Bang(YHEG) was tested using in vivo and in vitro test models. 1. The YHEG extracts showed effect on the DNA proliferation of the hair dermal papilla cells measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation. 2. YHEG showed promoting on the expression of growth factors such as IGF-1, KGF-1 and inhibiting on the expression of inhibitory hair growth factor such as TGF-β1, BMP-2 estimated by qPCR. 3. The YHEG extracts showed effect on the activation of β-catenin in the dermal papilla cells. 4. YHEG showed inhibitory effects of NO synthesis at 0.2% concentrations. 5. YHEG showed effects in the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2 and iNOS gene in the LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. 6. The hair growth index of the YHEG extracts ranked at over 2 when compared to control group which was ranked at 0. 7. The hair follicle number, length and size of the experimental group were remarkably higher than the control group in the histological observation.Conclusions : These results suggest that YangHyulEum Gami-Bang(YHEG) has hair growth promoting activity and it can be used as a potent treatment agent for preventing hair loss and stimulating hair growth for treatment of alopecia.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.982-990
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• 2011

Kenaf fiber can be obtained by decortications of the kenaf plant stem. The properties of the kenaf fiber treated by alkali (NaOH) were investigated by spectrocolorimeter, SEM, X-ray diffractometer, FT-IR and TGA. The kenaf fibers treated by alkali became darker and their Munsell color values changed from Y (yellow) to YR (yellowred) according to an increased NaOH concentration. SEM observation of the kenaf fibers showed that their crimps were developed and their surfaces were cleaned by the removal of protruding ends and impurities after alkali treatments. In the x-ray diffraction analysis, the structures of the fibers were found in the form of cellulose I when treated with a 0-16% alkali concentration and cellulose II when treated with over 20%. It was also confirmed that the crystallinity was lowered according to an increased NaOH concentration. The change of fiber compositions was investigated in FT-IR analysis. Strong band of $1,738cm^{-1}$ and asymmetrical stretching strong bands of $1,630-1,600cm^{-1}$ in spectrum (which represent pectin) were not found in the samples because the pectin was removed by the alkali treatment. Weak bands of $1,728-1,730cm^{-1}$ and peaks of $1,245-1,259cm^{-1}$ (which represent hemicellulose) and peaks of $1,592cm^{-1}$, $1,504cm^{-1}$, $1,462cm^{-1}$ and $1,429cm^{-1}$ (which are related to lignin) were not found or reduced in the samples treated with a concentration over 20%. TGA indicated that the kenaf fiber had the better hydrophilic properties by alkali treatment. The higher Tmax in TGA and the higher thermal stability when treated by alkali with the higher concentration. The fibers treated with an alkali concentration over 30% did not show any changes in Tmax.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.800-805
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• 2012

Rice straw is an important roughage resource for ruminants in many rice-producing countries. In this study, a rice brittle mutant (BM, mutation in OsCesA4, encoding cellulose synthase) and its wild type (WT) were employed to investigate the effects of a cellulose synthase gene mutation on rice straw morphological fractions, chemical composition, stem histological structure and in situ digestibility. The morphological fractions investigation showed that BM had a higher leaf sheath proportion (43.70% vs 38.21%, p<0.01) and a lower leaf blade proportion (25.21% vs 32.14%, p<0.01) than WT. Chemical composition analysis showed that BM rice straw was significantly (p<0.01) higher in CP (crude protein), hemicellulose and acid insoluble ash (AIA) contents, but lower in dry matter (DM), acid detergent fiber (ADFom) and cellulose contents when compared to WT. No significant difference (p>0.05) was detected in neutral detergent fiber (NDFom) and ADL contents for both strains. Histological structure observation indicated that BM stems had fewer sclerenchyma cells and a thinner sclerenchyma cell wall than WT. The results of in situ digestion showed that BM had higher DM, NDFom, cellulose and hemicellulose disappearance at 24 or 48 h of incubation (p<0.05). The effective digestibility of BM rice straw DM and NDFom was greater than that of WT (31.4% vs 26.7% for DM, 29.1% vs 24.3% for NDFom, p<0.05), but the rate of digestion of the slowly digested fraction of BM rice straw DM and NDF was decreased. These results indicated that the mutation in the cellulose synthase gene could improve the nutritive value of rice straw for ruminants.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.35-39
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• 2008

Objective: Recently biophysical research has shown very weak radiation of photons in plant, animal and human cells. Biophoton emission of the aliving system has received specific phenomena because of its scientific potential for monitoring metabolism to human body. This paper proposes a new challenge possibility of the biophoton emission in biophysiological human condition index. Method: Biophoton emission were measured with twenty one healthy volunteers. The study analyses existence for the effect of specific acupoint stimulus, exposure to the sun and low temperature in healthy volunteers. Two photomultiplier tubes which spectral range was from 300 nm to 650 nm was used for the detection of biophoton emission observation of possible acupuncture stimulation effect at left hand palm. Result: There was a reversion of relative emission rates from the palms affected the environment condition. Otherwise, when the acupuncture stimulation, the emission rate was not enough significantly change(p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, biophoton emissions depend on the environment condition for all subjects. Measurments with the biophoton emission rate analysis might be much considered in future studies.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.47-51
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• 1974

In order to prove the similarity relationships between the basic species of oak through Electronic Data Processing System(EDPS) and numerical analysis, The analized species and datas were selected from the list of morphological observation in the thesis of T.B. Lee, 1961, "Phytogenetic study of the subgenus Lepidobalanus of the genus Quercus in Korea", and were coded by categories shown in Table 1. The value in the list were transformed into hundred percentage to standardize the observational value by each code into dimensionless. The similarity index between species were computed through formula of non-metric coefficient, $N_{jk}=\sum\limits_{i=1}^{n}\(\frac{{\mid}x_{ij}-x_{ik}{\mid}}{x_{ij}+x_{ik}}\)$, using the UNiVAC-1106, at National Computer Center. Quercus aliena, by analysis result, is most similar to Q. mongolica with the similarity index, 71.6 and Q. dentata is most far apart from Q. serrata in the relationship with index, 121.4. The above thesis of Professor, T. Lee, are closely similar with the result of this research study. But, their similar relationship are proved in quantity through numerical method in our research study. In addition, The relationships among Q. mongolica, Q. aliena and Q. serrata are found to be very similar, but Q. dentata to be enough far in similarity to other species by dendrogram shown at Fig. 1. The numerical classification through EDPS is found to be suitable method also applicable to the plant taxonomy.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.297-307
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• 2003

In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of the Puerarie Radix water extract (PRE) against CCl₄-induced hepatotoxicity and the mechanism underlying these protective effects in the rats. The pretreatment of PRE has shown to possess a significant protective effect by lowering the serum alanine and aspartate aminoteansferase (AST and ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). This hepatoprotective action was confirmed by histological observation. In addition, the pretreatment of PRE prevented the elevation of hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) formation and the depletion of reduced glutathione (GSH) content and catalase activity in the liver of CC1₄-injected rats. The PRE also displayed hydroxide radical scavenging activity in a dose-dependent manner (IC50 = 83.6 μg/ml), as assayed by electron spin resonance (ESR) spin-trapping technique. Moreover, the expression of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) mRNA, as measured by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), was significantly decreased in the liver of PRE-pretreated rats when compared with that in the liver of control group. Based on these results, it was suggested that the hepatoprotective effects of the PRE may be related to antioxidant effects and regulation of CYP2E1 gene expression.