• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.400-420
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• 2019

The aims of the study were to analyze (1) the effects of Prosopis juliflora (Prosopis) on the spatial distribution and soil seed banks (SSB) diversity and density, (2) the effects of environmental factors on SSB diversity and density (number of seeds in the soil per unit area), and (3) the effects of animal fecal droppings on SSB diversity, density, and dispersal. Aboveground vegetation data were collected from different Prosopis-infested habitats from quadrats (20 × 20 m) in Prosopis thickets, Prosopis + native species stand, non-invaded woodlands, and open grazing lands. In each Prosopis-infested habitats, soil samples were collected from the litter layer and three successive soil layer, i.e., 0-3 cm, 3-6 cm, and 6-9 cm. Seeds from soil samples and animal fecal matter were separated in the green house using the seedling emergence technique. Invasion of Prosopis had significant effects on the soil seed bank diversity. Results revealed that the mean value of the Shannon diversity of non-invaded woodlands was being higher by 19.2%, 18.5%, and 11.0% than Prosopis thickets; Prosopis + native species stand and open grazing lands, respectively. The seed diversity and richness, recovered from 6-9-cm-deep layer were the highest. On the other hand, the density of Prosopis seeds was the highest in the litter layer. About 156 of seeds/kg (92.9%) of seeds were germinated from cattle fecal matter. However, in a small proportion of seedlings, 12 of seeds/kg (7.1%) were germinated from shot fecal matter. Thus, as the seeds in the soil were low in the study areas, in situ and ex situ conservation of original plants and reseeding of persistent grass species such as Cynodon dactylon, Cenchrus ciliaris, Chrysopogon plumulosus, and Brachiaria ramosa are recommended.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.309-312
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• 2001

Allozyme studies have been widely used to estimate genetic variation and to describe genetic structure in natural populations. In many cases, the genetic diversity of recently established populations is generally lower than that of central populations. In addition, the genetic composition of an invasive species is influenced by its History of introduction as well as its ecological characters. Ageratina altissima (L.) R. King & H. Robinson (white snakeroot) is a perennial herb native to the eastern United States and Canada, and is currently receiving much attention for its rapid invasion of the Korean forests. Starch gel electrophoresis was used to assess the genetic variability at 11 putative loci in seven introduced populations of A. altissima in Seoul. Populations of A. altissima maintained lower levels of allozyme diversity (expected heterozygosity = 0.063) than those reported for other taxa with similar ecological traits. The degree of differentiation observed among A. altissima populations was considerably low. It is suggested that the populations were recently established from only a few founders via dispersal by human activities, resulting in the loss of genetic variation.

• 생약학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.394-400
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• 2000

Tumor cell interaction with the extracellular matrix (ECM) is defined as the critical event of tumor invasion that signals the initiation of a metastatic cascade. To search for anti-metastatic agent from plants, several plant extracts were screened by cell- ECM anti-adhesion test. As result, Boehmeria pannosa, Dryopteris crassirhizoma, Scilla scilloides, and Agrimonia pilosa were shown a significant anti-adhesion activity.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2023

We have determined the complete chloroplast genome of Erigeron Canadensis isolated in Korea. The circular chloroplast genome of E. canadensis is 152,767 bp long and has four subregions: 84,317 bp of large single-copy and 18,446 bp of small single-copy regions are separated by 25,004 bp of inverted repeat regions including 133 genes (88 protein-coding genes, eight rRNAs, and 37 tRNAs). The chloroplast genome isolated in Korea differs from the Chinese isolate by 103 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 47 insertions and deletion (INDEL) regions, suggesting different invasion sources of E. canadensis in Korea and China. A nucleotide diversity analysis revealed that the trend of the nucleotide diversity of E. canadensis followed that of 11 Erigeron chloroplasts, except for three peaks. The phylogenetic tree showed that our E. canadensis chloroplast is clustered with E. canadensis reported from China. Erigeron canadensis can be a good target when attempting to understand genetic diversity of invasive species.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.752-757
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• 2019

The establishment of invasive alien species management is widely recognized as a pivotal issue in the preservation of biodiversity. Ranunculus sardous Crantz, a species native to Europe, has been widely introduced in many other areas of the world, including the coasts of the United States, Australia, China, India, and Japan. In Korea, the first population of this plant was found growing adjacent to a wetland in Hanon, Seogwipo-si, Jeju Province, on 22 May 2018. Field observations confirmed the presences of at least two populations of this species in Jeju Province, Korea. This species is similar to Ranunculus sceleratus L., but can be readily distinguished by its presence of the trichomes in the whole plant, longer petioles of radical leaves, ovate-shaped leaf segments, globose to subglobose-shaped fruits and flat achenes with narrowly winged and papillae. The Invasive Alien Plant Risk Assessment (IAPRA), a system for recognizing and categorizing alien plants in Korea forests, was used to assess the invasiveness status of the species. Based on this system, R. sardous received a low score of 6, suggesting its potential invasion to natural forests. Although the current distribution of R. sardous is restricted to Jeju Province and thus far has had limited impact on local environments, local and regulatory authorities should pay close attention to this plant and take measures to prevent its further expansion.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.107-110
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• 2008

Tropical fire ant로 알려진 Solenopsis geminata (Fabricius)는 열대 및 온대지역에 분포하는 잡식성 개미로서, 식물에 피해를 주기도 하지만 야외활동을 하는 사람들이 물릴 경우 심하게 부어오르고 통증을 유발하는 위생해충으로 유명하며 우리나라에 침입 시 제주도 및 남부지방의 농경지 및 산림에 피해를 줄 것으로 예상되어 현재 식물방역법상 관리해충으로 지정된 종이다. 이 개미는 선박을 통하여 항구주위에서 먼저 정착하여 확산되고 있으며, 현재 동남아, 중국남부지역에서 급격히 확산되고 있다. 우리나라에서는 1990년대에는 수입식물검역 과정에서 검출실적이 1건이었으나 2000년부터 검출빈도가 증가추세에 있어 2006년도에는 7건이 검출되어 국내 침입이 우려되고 있다. 따라서, 동종에 대한 형태, 분포, 기주식물, 생태 등에 대한 자료를 정리하여 금후 수입식물검역시 참고하고 국내 침입시 조기 박멸하기 위한 자료로 이용하고자 한다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2002

The aim of this study was to generate systemic data for the aquatic plant distribution according to water depth and crossing slope in the shoreline. The results of this study were as follows; 1. Anxiety to 0 near area Bidens frondosa, Scirpus tabernaemontani, Carex dispalata etc. total class 21 observe, and Phragmites communis, Iris pseudoacorus etc. class 6 of anxiety 0-70cm extent examined. Class 21 of anxiety observed all such as Bidens frondosa, Scirpus tabernaemontani, Carex dispalata in near area to 0, and Phragmites communis, Iris pseudoacorus etc. class 6 of anxiety 0-70cm extent examined. Anxiety 70-100cm extent Nymphoides indica, Ttapa japonica etc.. class 2 appeared to line Zizania latifolia, Typha angustata back 2 papers, 130cm and examined that Nelumbo nucifera was limit anxiety state 230cm. 2. Aquatic plants of Phragmites communis, Zizania latifolia, Typha angustata etc. range mainly to gentle gradient of slant 10 degree low and distribution pattern was ranging by Zizania latifolia, Typha angustata, Phragmites communis period of ten days from deepwater place. Nelumbo nucifera was forming become independent stock keeping away invasion of plant that ability to breed was different because was prosperous. Slant 10 bores was growing near sleep in been strange steep slope earth and distribution of emerged plant appeared punily and emerged plant and swampy land plant were ranged extensively in gentle gradient of 10 degree low. 3. On lake surrounding plant when wish to do distribution of natural conditions reference need to. That is, gentle gradient and distribution form of steep slope earth are different, and same pitch must consider enough this because appear as distribution, distribution according to that some plant species were growing was different.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2003

Pre-treatment with DL-3-aminobutyric acid (BABA) in the cucumber plants caused the decrease of disease severity after inoculation with anthracnose pathogen Colletotrichum orbiculare. In this study, ultrastructures of the vascular bundle and the infection structures in the leaves of BABA-treated as well as untreated cucumber plants were observed after inoculation with the anthracnose pathogen by electron microscopy. The ultrastructures of vascular bundle in the leaves of BABA-treated plants were similar to those of the untreated plants except plasmodesmata. In the BABA-treated plants, the plasmodesmata were more numerous than in the untreated plants, suggesting that the BABA treatment may cause the active transfer of metabolites through the vascular bundle. In the leaves of untreated plants, the fungal hyphae were spread widely in the plant tissues at 5 days after pathogen inoculation. Most cellular organelles in the hyphae were intact, indicating a compatible interaction between the plant and the parasite. In contrast, in the leaves of BABA pre-treated plants the growth of most hyphae was restricted to the epidermal cell layer at 5 days after inoculation. Most hyphae cytoplasm and nucleoplasm was electron dense or the intracellular organelles were degenerated. The cell walls of some plant cells became thick at the site adjacent to the intercellular hyphae, indicating a mechanical defense reaction of the plant cells against the fungal attack. Furthermore, hypersensitive reaction (HR) of the epidermal cells was often observed, in which the intracellular hyphae were degenerated. Based on these results it is suggested that BABA causes the enhancement of defense mechanisms in the cucumber plants such as cell wall apposition or HR against the invasion of C. orbiculare.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.255-263
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• 2015

우리나라 하안역에서 외래식물 침입은 고유식물을 대체함으로써 생물다양성을 위협하는 가장 중요한 요인 중에 하나이다. 우리나라 고유 하안식생에 침입하는 두가지 주요 침입외래종인 가시박 (Sicyos angulatus)과 털물참새피 (Paspalum distichum var. indutum)가 고유 하안식생에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여, 이 두 식물이 침입한 전국 하천의 22개 조사지점에서 식물상과 식생구조를 조사하였다. 가시박은 한반도 중부지방에 주로 침입하였다. 이 외래식물은 수로를 따라서 왕성하게 덩굴을 형성함으로써 제방 사면과 높은 고수부에서 교관목과 장경 초본의 고유식생을 피압하여 하천관리자에게 문제가 되고 있는 초본식물이다. 털물참새피는 한반도 남부지방에서 점차 확산되고 있다. 얕은 지하경과 왕성하게 분지하는 포복경을 가지고 있는 이 침입식물은 정체되거나 유속이 느린 물 위를 덮는 치밀한 매트를 형성하여 경쟁력이 약한 고유 침수식물이나 단경 정수식물을 위협하였다. 하천 하안지역에서 새로운 침입종의 도입을 방지하고 침입한 외래종을 방제하여 고유 하안식생을 보전하기 위해서는 이곳에서 인위 교란을 방지하고 적절한 외래식물 관리가 필요하다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.317-319
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• 2014

온실에서 재배되는 수입 알로에묘목에 알로에베라진딧물, Aloephagus myersi Essig, 이 채집되었다. 이 종의 원산지는 아프리카로 알려져 있고 수입된 식물을 통해 온실에 도입된 것으로 추정된다. 우리나라의 자연환경에 도입과 정착을 방지하기 위한 이들 종의 진단형질, 사진자료, 기주 및 분포정보를 제공하고자 한다.