• 한국균학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.200-205
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• 2015

경상북도 성주군의 농경지에서 자생하는 들깨를 채집하여 이로부터 형태학적으로 상이한 15개의 내생진균을 순수 분리하였다. 이들의 배양여과액을 이용하여 난장이벼의 유묘에 처리하여 식물생장촉진 활성을 조사한 결과, 이들 중 Y2H001균주가 식물생장활성이 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다. Y2H001균주의 ITS영역 염기서열과 ${\beta}$-tubulin 유전자 염기서열을 사용하여 계통학적 유연관계를 확인하였으며, 이러한 분자계통학적 분석 및 형태학적 관찰을 통해 Aspergillus flavus로 동정되었다. 또한 A. flavus Y2H001균주의 배양여과액을 GC/MS를 통하여 분석하였고 식물생장을 촉진하는 원인물질로 $GA_3$ (1.954 ng/mL)를 생산하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 한국균학회 2016년도 춘계학술대회 및 임시총회
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• pp.13-13
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• 2016

Insects constitute the largest and most diverse group of animals in the world. They also serve as the hosts or nutrient sources for an immense assemblage of pathogens, parasites, and predators. More than 700 fungal species from 100 genera have adopted an entomopathogenic lifestyle. Although entomopathogenic fungi were studied as only biocontrol agents against a variety of pests in various countries, it has been recently focused their additional roles in nature. They are antagonists to/against plant pathogens, endophytes, and possibly even plant growth promoting agents. The potential antimicrobial effect against fungal plant pathogens by an isolate of entomopathogenic fungi including Beauveria bassiana, Lecanicillium spp., and Isaria fumosorosea have been reported since late 1990s, but wasn't reported pathogenicity of the isolate against pests. Later, a Canadian Lecanicillium sp. isolate and L. longisporium isolated from Vertalec$^{(R)}$ showed simultaneous control effect against both aphid and cucumber powder mildew. Therefore, the antimicrobial activities of 342 fungi isolates collected from various regions and conditions in Korea were evaluated against plant pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea using dual culture technique on agar plate. As a result, 186 isolates (54.4%) shown the antifungal activity against B. cinerea. The culture filtrates of selected fungi completely suppressed the growth of the microorganisms, indicating that suppression was due to the presence of antimicrobial substances in the culture filtrate. Mode of action of these fungi against insect involves the attachment of conidia to the insect cuticle, followed by germination, cuticle penetration, and internal dissemination throughout the insect. During infection process, secreted enzymes, proteinous toxins, and/or secondary metabolites secreted by entomopathogenic fungi can be used to overcome the host immune system, modify host behavior, and defend host resources. Recently, secondary metabolites isolated from entomopathogenic fungi have been reported as potential bioactive substances. Generally, most of bioactive substances produced by entomopathogenic fungi have reported low molecular weight (lower than 1,000 g/mol) as peptide and, in contrast the high molecular weight fungal bioactive substances are rare. Most substances based on entomopathogenic fungi were shown antimicrobial activity with narrow control ranges. In our study we analyzed the antimicrobial substances having antagonistic effects to B. cinerea. Antimicrobial substances in our fungal culture filtrates showed high thermostability, high stability to proteolytic enzymes, and hydrophilicity and their molecular weights were differed from substance. In conclusion, entomopathogenic fungi showed pathogenicity against insect pests and culture filtrate of the fungi also shown to antimicrobial activity. In the future, we can use the entomopathogenic fungi and its secondary metabolites to control both insect pest control and plant pathogenic fungi simultaneously.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.398-402
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• 2013

고추생장 촉진을 위해 병원균에 대한 방제력과 난용성 인산염에 대한 가용화 활성을 보이는 미생물 혼합배양액의 효과를 검증하였다. Saccharomyces sp. L13은 난용성 인산염에 대한 가용화 활성으로 분리되었으며 Bacillus sp. L32는 고추역병과 고추탄저병에 대한 길항력 활성으로 분리되었다. 특히 L32 균주는 대치배양법과 잎을 이용한 실증실험에서 모두 길항능력을 보였으며 시설재배를 이용한 실증실험에서도 병의 발병율을 저감시켰다. 두 균주의 혼합배양은 각 균주들의 생장율에 영향을 주지 않았으며 고추에 대한 혼합배양액 처리는 고추역병과 고추탄저병의 발병율을 저감시키는 동시에 난용성 인산염의 가용화를 통해 고추의 생장율을 증대시키는 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 본 결과는 두 균주의 혼합배양액이 작물재배를 위한 미생물제제로서 잠재적 효용성이 높다는 것을 제시한다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.304-312
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• 2024

가금류 우모는 환경오염 물질이자 병원성 세균의 저장소로 간주되는 축산폐기물이다. 따라서 우모 폐기물을 관리하기 위한 지속 가능하고, 환경친화적인 방법을 개발하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 본 연구는 폐기된 닭의 우모로부터 분리된 Y10 균주를 동정하고, 특성화하기 위하여 수행되었다. Y10 균주는 표현형 및 16S rRNA 유전자 분석을 통해 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens에 속하는 것으로 확인되었다. B. amyloliquefaciens Y10은 곰팡이 세포성분을 분해하는 효소(cellulase, lipase, protease and pectinase), siderophore, 암모니아 및 IAA 생성과 같은 식물 성장 촉진 활성을 나타내었다. 나아가 Y10 균주는 일부 식물병원성 곰팡이의 균사체 생육을 억제할 수 있었다. 기본배지에 탄소원으로 sucrose 0.1%, 질소원으로 casein 0.05%를 첨가한 후, 배지의 pH를 10으로 조정하여 35℃에서 배양했을 때, 실험균주에 의한 우모 분해율은 기본배지 대비 약 2배 증가되었으며, 배양 4일에 우모는 완전히 분해되었다. 또한 실험균주는 개선된 조건에서 오리 우모, 양모, 사람의 손발톱과 같은 다양한 케라틴 기질을 분해할 수 있었다. Y3 균주를 이용하여 조제된 우모 분해산물은 DPPH 라디칼 소거능(EC₅₀ = 0.38 mg/ml)과 SOD 유사활성(EC₅₀ = 183.7 mg/ml)과 같은 항산화능이 있음을 확인하였다. 이 결과는 실험균주는 케라틴 폐기물의 미생물학적 처리뿐만 아니라 농축산 산업에 적용할 수 있는 생물 비료, 생물 농약 및 사료첨가제 개발의 잠재적인 후보가 될 수 있을 시사한다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.144-156
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• 2016

Soil is a dynamic biological system, in which it is difficult to determine the composition of microbial communities. Knowledge of microbial diversity and function in soils are limited because of the taxonomic and methodological limitations associated with studying the organisms. In this review, approaches to measure microbial diversity in soil were discussed. Research on soil microbes can be categorized as structural diversity, functional diversity and genetic diversity studies, and these include cultivation based and cultivation independent methods. Cultivation independent technique to evaluate soil structural diversity include different techniques such as Phospholipid Fatty Acids (PLFA) and Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) analysis. Carbon source utilization pattern of soil microorganisms by Community Level Physiological Profiling (CLPP), catabolic responses by Substrate Induced Respiration technique (SIR) and soil microbial enzyme activities are discussed. Genetic diversity of soil microorganisms using molecular techniques such as 16S rDNA analysis Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) / Temperature Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (TGGE), Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP), Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP), Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) / Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA) and Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis (RISA) are also discussed. The chapter ends with a final conclusion on the advantages and disadvantages of different techniques and advances in molecular techniques to study the soil microbial diversity.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.817-821
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• 2012

Soil samples collected from abounded mines of Boryeong area in South Korea were used in isolating bacterial strains and their capacity to solubilize inorganic phosphates and heavy metal tolerance were assessed in vitro. Three different inorganic phosphate sources (Ca phosphate, Fe phosphate, and Al phosphate) and four different heavy metals (Co, Cd, Pb and Zn) each with three concentrations ($100{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$, $200{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$, and $400{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$) were used. The bacterial isolates PSB-1, PSB-2, PSB-3, and PSB-4 solubilized significantly higher amount of Ca phosphate during the first five days of incubation though subsequent drop in soluble phosphorus level in the medium was observed at the later stage (after 5 days) of the incubation. Solubilization of Ca phosphate and Fe phosphate was concomitant with the acidification of the culture medium compared to the control where it remained constant. Isolated strains could solubilize Fe phosphate to certain extent ($25-45{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$) though solubilization of Al phosphate was found negligible. All the isolates were tolerant to heavy metals (Cd, Pb, and Zn) up to the concentration of $400{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ except PSB-1 and PSB-8, which were shown to be vulnerable to Co even at $100{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$. Heavy metal tolerant strains should be further evaluated for plant growth promoting activities also under field conditions in order to assess their agricultural and environmental significance.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.201-206
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• 2005

본 연구는 한약재박의 효율적 처리를 위한 실험의 일환으로 한약재박으로부터 유용미생물을 분리하고 이들 미생물로부터 작물생육촉진미생물을 선발하여 한약재박에 적용한 한약재박 미생물제제를 만들어 친환경농업에 이용하고자 실시하였다. 한약재박은 유기물 함량이 93.0%로 높고 조단백질 함량이 11.3%, 조지방 함량이 5.1%, NDF 함량이 49.7% 및 ADF 함량이 33.8%로 나타나 미생물제제의 원료로서도 이용 가치가 높았다. 한약재박으로부터 약 35종의 미생물이 검출되었고, 이들 중 13종이 한약재박 이용성이 높았으며, 작물생육촉진미생물 BL-333 균주를 선발하였다. 선발균주 BL-333을 Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology 및 16S rDNA 염기서열(589 bp)로 상동성을 조사한 결과 Paenibacillus marcerans로 추정되었다. P. marcerans BL-333 균주는 각종 진균에 대해 대부분 높은 항진균 활성을 나타내었으며, 특히 Fusarium 속과 Collectotrichum 속 등의 진균에 대해 높은 항진균 활성을 나타내었다. P. marcerans BL-333 균주와 한약재박 분쇄물 등으로 제조한 미생물제제는 10종의 작물의 생육조사에서 무처리구보다 $3{\sim}24%$ 증수되는 효과를 나타내었으며, 특히 상추, 무, 배추 및 오이 등에서 생육촉진효과가 우수하였다. 따라서 한약재박 및 한약재박으로부터 얻은 미생물은 퇴비나 미생물제제를 위해 효과적인 재료로서의 활용 가치가 있다고 본다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2017

Background: The light emitting plasma (LEP) has recently attracted attention as a novel artificial light source for plant growth and functional component enhancement. We investigated the effects of LEP on whitening and antioxidant activities of the plant parts of perilla. Methods and Results: Previously germianted seeds of perilla were cultivated under different light conditions (fluoresce lamp, LED red, blue, white, green, and LEP) in a culture room for 2 months. Parts of perilla were harvested and extracted in 70% EtOH. The extracts were used to detect total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), reducing power and tyrosinase inhibition activity as indicators of biological activity. Biological activity was highest in seedlings grown under LEP. The total phenolic content was highest in the stems and the total flavonoid content was highest in the roots of perilla exposed to LEP. The DPPH and ABTS radical activity in all the parts of perilla exposed to LEP were higher by approximately three-fold compared to that in the control (fluoresce lamp). The reducing power values of perilla significantly increased after treatment with LEP. In addition, all the extract of perilla plants exposed to LEP promoted the tyrosinase inhibitory activity. These results suggest that LEP can be an important artificial light source for enhancement of biological activity. Conclusions: LEP could promote whitening and antioxidant activity of perilla.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.221-228
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• 2006

Bonogen shampoo is composed of several plant extracts which are known to be used in oriental medicine. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Bonogen shampoo on hair growth in an alopecia model of C57BL/6 mice. There were eight male and female experimental groups including distilled water(DW: negative control), a commercial shampoo[M], 3% minoxidil (MXD) and Bonogen shampoo(BNG). Dorsal skin hair of six-week-old mice was trimmed with an electric clipper carefully not to damage the skin. The next day, mice without skin scratch were selected, randomized and separated in 10 mice per group. The test compounds were topically treated with 0.15 ml per mouse or dorsal skin for 21 days daily and then washed thoroughly with DW. The hair regrowth was determined photographically at 0, 4, 7, 10, 15, 18, and 21 days and histologically at day 21. No clinical signs were observed in all mice. Although body weight was slightly increased in 3% MXD group than other groups, it was not significant. Hair regrowth began to be promoted after 14 days and appeared a distinct regrowth pattern in all animals by topical treatment of test compounds at 18 days. In particular, the topical treatment of bonogen shampoo or 3% MXD for 21 days to dorsal skin accelerated hair regrowth faster than DW or M shampoo. At 21 days, the hair regrowth promotion speed was in order of 3% MXD>BNG>M>DW. The bonogen shampoo or 3% MXD also promoted hair follicle elongation compared to the negative control. These results suggest that bonogen shampoo has hair growth promoting activities and may be useful for treatment of bald or alopecia.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.190-196
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• 2012

식물생장 촉진 홀몬 auxin을 생산하는 균주를 선발하기 위해 경북 경산시 소재 고추경작지 근권토양으로 부터 739종의 일반호기성 균주와 urease 생산 균주 80종 및 광합성 균주 303종과 같이 총 1000여종 이상의 균주를 분리하였다. 이 균주들을 대상으로 Salkowski test를 실시한 결과, auxin을 생산하는 158종의 일반호기성 균주와 70종의 urease 생산 균주 및 228종의 광합성 균주를 선발할 수 있었으며, Holbrook test를 통해 또 다른 식물생장 촉진 호르몬인 gibberellin도 대부분의 균주에서 생산되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 선발된 균주 중 항진균 물질인 ${\beta}$-Glucanase와 siderophore를 생산하고 다양한 병원성 진균에 대해 길항 범위를 가지는 6가지 균주 BCB14, BCB17, C10, HA46, HA143, HJ5를 toothpicking 및 대치배양을 통해 최종 선발할 수 있었으며, 분류학적으로 동정한 결과 6종 모두 B. subtilis BCB14, B. methylotrophicus BCB17, B. methylotrophicus C10, B. sonorensis HA46, B. subtilis HA143, B. safensis HJ5로 확인되었다.