• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.916-927
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• 2010

In general water treatment process, the disinfection process by chlorine is used to prevent water borne disease and microbial regrowth in water distribution system. Because chlorines were reacted with organic matter, carcinogens such as disinfection by-products (DBPs) were produced in drinking water. Therefore, a suitable injection of chlorine is need to decrease DBPs. Rechlorination in water pipelines or reservoirs are recently increased to secure the residual chlorine in the end of water pipelines. EPANET 2.0 developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is used to compute the optimal chlorine injection in water treatment plant and to predict the dosage of rechlorination into water distribution system. The bulk decay constant ($k_{bulk}$) was drawn by bottle test and the wall decay constant ($k_{wall}$) was derived from using systermatic analysis method for water quality modeling in target region. In order to predict water quality based on hydraulic analysis model, residual chlorine concentration was forecasted in water distribution system. The formation of DBPs such as trihalomethanes (THMs) was verified with chlorine dosage in lab-scale test. The bulk decay constant ($k_{bulk}$) was rapidly decreased with increasing temperature in the early time. In the case of 25 degrees celsius, the bulk decay constant ($k_{bulk}$) decreased over half after 25 hours later. In this study, there were able to calculate about optimal rechlorine dosage and select on profitable sites in the network map.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.169-177
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• 2009

Recently it is very interesting that the plant extracts use to prevent or treat the oral diseases. The present study was performed to observe the antibacterial effect on S. gordonii Challis, S. gordoii G9B, S. mutans GS5, S. sobriuns 6715, E. faecalis ATCC 4083, A. actinomycetem Y4, P. gingivalis A7A1-28, P. gingivalis W83, Pr. intermedia ATCC 25611, F. nucleatum KTCT 2488, C. albicans ATCC 18804 of Artemisa capillaris THUNB employing the viable cell counts. The results were as follows: 1. Minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and Minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC) of extracts of Artemisa capillaris THUNB for P. gingivalis A7A1-28, P. gingivalis W83, and Pr. intermedia ATCC 25611, which are the pathologic bacteria of periodontal diseases, was observed under 2%. 2. MIC of extracts of Artemisa capillaris THUNB for P. gingivalis A7A1-28 was determined to be 1.2% and MBC was determined to be 2.0% respectively. 3. MIC of extracts of Artemisa capillaris THUNB for P. gingivalis W83 was determined to be 1.4% and MBC was determined to be 2.0% respectively. 4. MIC of extracts of Artemisa capillaris THUNB for Pr. intermedia ATCC 25611 was determined to be 1.2% and MBC was determined to be 2.0% respectively. The overall results indicate that Artemisa capillaris THUNB used for this study has a strong antibacterial activity against P. gingivalis A7A1-28, P. gingivalis W83, and Pr. intermedia ATCC 25611, which are the periodontopathic bacteria. Therefore, the extracts of Artemisa capillaris THUNB can be used as a candidate for prevention and therapeutic agent against periodontal diseases.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.606-610
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• 2011

'Jungmo1001' is an early maturing intermediate breeding line developed from a cross between Cheolweon52 and SR14694-57-4-2-1-3-2-2 by the rice breeding team of National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA) in 1994. 'Jungmo1001' has about 107 days duration from seeding to heading in mid-northern inland plain, southern alpine area and north-eastern coastal areas. It has about 73 cm in culm length with semi-erect plant type and good canopy architecture. This variety has 13 tillers per hill and 90 spikelets per panicle. Its 1,000 grain-weight of brown rice is 21.2 g which is less than 26.3 g of 'Odaebyeo'. Milled kernels are translucent with non-glutinous endosperm, low amylose content (18.1%) compared with 'Odaebyeo' palatability of cooked rice is very good. This variety shows strong resistance to cold treatment, lodging, premature heading and wilting. This variety shows moderately resistant to blast disease but susceptible to bacterial blight, stripe virus and insect pests. The milled rice yield performance of this variety is about 5.45 MT/ha by ordinary culture in local adaptability test for three years. This variety may be highly adaptable to the mid-northern inland plain, southern alpine area and north-eastern coastal areas of Korea.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.649-653
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• 2010

'Dacheong', a new japonica rice variety developed from a cross between Iksan450 having a good eating-quality and multi-disease resistance, and YR21258-GH3 having insect resistance, was developed by the rice breeding team of Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, NICS, RDA in 2008. This variety has about 125 days growth duration from transplanting to harvesting in west-southern coast, Honam and Youngnam plain of Korea. It has 87 cm culm length and tolerance to lodging. In reaction to biotic and abiotic stresses, it shows resistance to blast, bacterial blight pathogen races from $K_1\;to\;K_3$, stripe virus and brown plant hopper. The milled rice of 'Dacheong' exhibits translucent, relatively clear non-glutinous endosperm and medium short grain. It has slightly lower amylose content of 18.8% and lower protein content of 5.7%, and good palatability of cooked rice compared with Nampyeongbyeo. The milled rice yield performance of this variety is about 5.91 MT/ha in local adaptability test for three years. 'Dacheong' would be adaptable to west-southern coast, Honam and Youngnam plain of Korea.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.684-689
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• 2010

'Sangwon', a new cultivar for vegetable soybean, was developed from the cross between 'Keunolkong' and 'Oshimamidori', and was released at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in 2007. The goal to develop a vegetable soybean cultivar with green pod, early maturity, large seed size, high yield, lodging tolerance, and resistance to disease such as soybean mosaic virus (SMV). 'Sangwon' has light green pod, early maturity, large seed, short plant height, and lodging tolerance. 'Sangwon' has determinate growth habit, white flower, gray pubescence, and oval leaf shape. The matured seeds have a yellow seed coat with light brown hilum, and a yellow cotyledon. 'Sangwon' has 5.8 cm fresh pod length, 13.2mm fresh pod width, 69.5 g seed weight per 100 green seeds, 44.0% green seed protein content, and 14.8% green seed oil content. At the regional yield trials (RYT) for vegetable soybean from 2005 to 2007, 'Sangwon' shows strong resistance to soybean mosaic virus (SMV) and tolerance to lodging in fields. Fresh pods of 'Sangwon' were harvested at the beginning of August. In the same tests, fresh pod of 'Sangwon' (10.39ton/ha) yielded 5% higher than 'Hwaeomputkong' (9.90ton/ha).

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.595-599
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• 2011

'Goami 3' is a new japonica rice cultivar developed from a cross between Suweon464 and Daeanbyeo by the rice breeding team of National Institute of Crop Science, RDA. 'Goami3' has about 130 days growth duration from transplanting to heading in central plain area of Korea. It has a good semi-erect plant type and resistance to lodging of about 79 cm in culm length. 'Goami 3' had 15 panicles per hill and 104 spikelets per panicle. 'Goami 3' has very high amylose (29.5%) and high non-dietary starch compared with Hwaseongbyeo. This rice variety has slow senescence and 47% tolerance to viviparous germination during the ripening stage. 'Goami 3' is susceptible to leaf blast, bacterial blight, virus disease and insect pest. The yield performance of this cultivar in milled rice was about 3.92MT/ha by ordinary season culture in local adaptability test from 2005 to 2007. 'Goami 3' is adaptable to central and southern plain area of Korea.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.532-537
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• 2011

'Seolgaeng' is a new Japonica rice variety developed from an 'Ilpumbyeo' mutant line, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) treatment on fertilized egg cell, by a rice breeding team of National Crop Experiment Station, Rural Development Administration in 2001. This variety has about 134 days of growth duration from transplanting to harvesting in central plain area of Korea, a good semi-elect plant type and resistant to lodging with strong culm. The number of panicles/hill of 'Seolgaeng' is more than that of 'Hwaseongbyeo'. The milled rice appearance of this cultivar is an opaque, but it has amylose content (19.3%) similar to 'Hwaseongbyeo'. It is superior to hypae formation of Aspergillus orzyae in the making of fermented rice and amount of pigmentation in fermented rice by Monascus anka that of 'Ilpumbyeo'. This variety showed slow leaf senescence and considerable resistance to viviparous germination. It is moderately resistant to leaf blast and susceptible to bacterial blight, virus disease and insect pests. The yield performance of this rice cultivar is about 5.27 MT/ha in milled rice in local adaptability test for three years from 1999 to 2001). 'Seolgaeng' is adaptable to central and southern plain areas of Korea.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.581-586
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• 2011

'Cheongdam' is a japonica rice variety developed from a cross between SR19200-HB826-34, a line of good germination ability and shoot emergence at low temperature and Juanbyeo, good quality and direct-seeding adaptable cultivar by the rice breeding team of National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2006. This variety has 153 days of total growth duration from seeding to maturity in direct-seeding, and 160 days of growth duration from seeding to maturity in transplanting. This is erect plant type with culm length of 74 cm, thick culm, and green leaves. It has large panicle shape with 126 and 140 spikelets per panicle in direct-seeding and transplanting, respectively. Milled rice is transluscent and medium in grain size of non-glutinous endosperm. This variety is susceptible to leaf and neck blast, bacterial blight, stripe virus disease and brown planthopper. The yield potential of 'Cheongdam' is 5.84 MT/ha at ordinary transplanting culture and 5.62 MT/ha and 5.89 MT/ha at wet direct-seeding and dry direct-seeding cultures, respectively in the local adaptability test for three years. 'Cheongdam' would be adaptable to middle and southern plain of Korea for direct-seeding culture and transplanting rice culture.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.307-312
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• 2010

'Cheonghaejinmi' is a new japonica rice variety developed from three-way cross between Samjiyeon/SR14694-57-4-2-1-3-2-2//Iri402 by the rice breeding team of National Institute of Crop Science, RDA. Heading date of this variety is August 18, 4 days later than that of 'Sobibyeo' in middle plain areas. It has culm length of 78 cm, 125 spikelets per panicle, 92.5% of ripened grain rate, and 23.9 g of 1000-brown rice weight. It showed 12 days of heading delay, and 63% spikelet fertility in cold-water irrigation stress. 'Cheonghaejinmi' is susceptible to blast disease, bacterial blight, virus diseases and plant hoppers. The nitrogen use efficiency of this variety is higher than that of Sobibyeo in low nitrogen application level. Milled rice of 'Cheonghaejinmi' exhibits translucent, clear non-glutinous endosperm and medium short grain. It has 5.9% protein content, 20.3% amylose content, and 0.28 palatability index of cooked rice compared to -0.11 of Hwaseongbyeo. The milled rice yield of 'Cheonghaejinmi' was about 5.31 MT/ha at low nitrogen application level of ordinary season culture. This variety had 98.8% whole grain in milled rice and 76% milling recovery of whole grain. 'Cheonghaejinmi' would be adaptable to middle plain areas and middle-western coastal areas in Korea.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.317-322
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• 2022

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is the causative agent of caseous lymphadenitis (CLA), a chronic contagious disease in small ruminants. The prevalence of CLA has been reported to be >50% in Korean black goats. CLA is difficult to control due to a lack of efficient vaccines and treatment methods. Effective disinfection of the farm environment may be an alternative strategy for reducing the spread of C. pseudotuberculosis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of commercial disinfectants against CLA. The six commercial disinfectants, largely composed of sodium dichloroisocyanurate, sodium hypochlorite, potassium monopersulfate triple salt, quaternary ammonium, citric acid, and copper sulfate, were tested against five different genotypes of C. pseudotuberculosis isolated from goat farms in Korea. Efficacy tests were performed in accordance with the disinfectant efficacy test guidelines recommended by the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency of Korea with slight modifications. All disinfectants except for copper sulfate exhibited >99.99% killing efficacy under hard water conditions following 30 min of incubation, which is the recommended standard treatment time according to guidelines. The minimum bactericidal treatment time was evaluated by employing treatments for durations of 1, 5, and 15 min. The most effective compounds under hard water conditions were sodium dichloroisocyanurate, potassium monopersulfate triple salt, and sodium hypochlorite, exhibiting >99.99% killing efficacy after 1 min of treatment. In the aqueous solution forms, citric acid and the quaternary ammonium compound were the most effective, but required at least 5 min to kill >99.99% of the bacteria. The current study characterizes the killing efficacy of six commercial disinfectant active compounds against C. pseudotuberculosis. Thus, this study provides essential information regarding the efficacy of the disinfectants used to control CLA in goat farms.