• 제목/요약/키워드: plant anatomy

검색결과 138건 처리시간 0.027초

메밀증수를 위한 잡초방제 및 도복경감 효과 (Effect of Weed Control and Lodging Reduction for Increase the Grain Yield of Buckwheat)

  • 허권;이한범;박철호;최용순
    • 한국자원식물학회지
    • /
    • 제13권3호
    • /
    • pp.243-248
    • /
    • 2000
  • 메밀의 수량 증대방안의 일환으로 내도복성 및 잡초방제 효과에 대하여 초장 및 수량을 비교 분석하여 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1 식물왜화제인 C.C.C. 및 TIBA의 왜화효과는 있었으나 수량에 있어서는 이들 두처리구 모두 관행구보다 낮았으므로 왜화를 통한 도복경감과 수량증대 효과는 없었다. 2. 적심의 효과는 3엽기, 5엽기, 7엽기 적심에서 초장의 차이는 나타나지 않았으나 적심시기가 늦으면 늦을수록 수량은 현저한 감소를 초래했다. 3. 도복방지를 위한 지지망 설치구에서는 관행 구보다 약간 수량이 증가하였으나(4kg/10a)실제 농가에서는 적용하기 어렵다고 판단되었다. 4. 메밀 파종 후 2일째에 라쏘 유제를 살포한 결과 방제효과는 뛰어 났으나 초장이 잘 신장하지 못하며 수량도 관행구보다 낮았다. 따라서 메밀 재배에는 제초제의 필요성이 없다고 하겠다. 관행구에서의 잡초발생은 주로 강아지풀, 바랭이, 망초, 개망초, 벼룩 나물 종이 우점 하였다. 5 메밀종 각각의 줄기 경도를 측정한 결과 Fagopyrum urophyllum의 경도가 가장 높았다. 따라서, F. urophyllum의 유전자를 재배품종에 도입하는 육종연구가 요망된다.

  • PDF

대학의 식물형태학 분야에서 사용하는 유관속조직의 구조에 관한 용어의 분석 (Analysis of Some Korean Terminologies on the Structures of Vascular Tissues in Plant Morphology)

  • 이규배
    • 한국과학교육학회지
    • /
    • 제27권9호
    • /
    • pp.919-929
    • /
    • 2007
  • 본 연구는 우리나라 대학의 식물형태학 분야에서 사용하는 유관속조직의 구조에 관한 용어들 가운데,교재 또는 저술자에 따라 다르게 번역되어 쓰이고 있는 한글 용어들의 합리적인 표기를 제안하기 위한 것이다. 대학에서 교재로 사용되는 일반생물학,일반식물학,식물형태학 등 14종의 교재에서 서로 다르게 표기되어 있는 대표적인 12개 용어의 어원과 정의를 조사 분석한 결과 제시된 한글 용어의 표기는 다음과 같다. 즉 목부(木部,물관부)의 구조에 관한 용어로서 "apotracheal parenchyma"는 "도관분리형유조직(導管分離形柔祖熾)" 으로 표기하고, "paratracheal parenchyma"는 "도관연접형유조직(導管連接形柔組織)"으로,"tylose"는 "전충체(塡充體)"로 표기하는 것이 적합하다. 벽공(壁孔)의 구조에 관한 용어로서 "simple pit"는 "단순벽공(單純壁孔)"으로 표기하고, "bordered pit"는 "유연벽공(有緣壁孔)"으로,"aspirated bordered pit"는 "흡착유연벽공(吸着有緣壁孔)"으로,"pit aperture"는 "벽공구(壁孔口)"로 표기하는 것이 합당하다. 그러고 중심주(中心柱)의 구조에 관한 용어로서 "haplostele"은 "단순중심주(單純中心柱)"로 표기하고, "actinosteIe"은 "방사중심주(放射中心柱)"로, "plectostele"은 "습곡중심주(褶曲中心柱)"로,"solenosteIe"은 "통로중심주(通路中心柱)"로 표기하는 것이 합리적이다. 이러한 연구를 통해서 식물학 분야를 가르치는 교수자와 배우는 학습자들 사이에 생물학적 개념을 올바르게 전달하고 이해를 증진시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

한국응용곤충학회의 첫 50년 역사 (History of the Korean Society of Applied Entomology for its First Fifty Years)

  • 부경생
    • 한국응용곤충학회지
    • /
    • 제51권2호
    • /
    • pp.171-190
    • /
    • 2012
  • The Korean Society of Applied Entomology (KSAE) celebrates its First 50 years history this year, 2011. It began in the year 1962, as the Korean Society of Plant Protection (KSPP) to discuss all aspects of plant protection including entomology and plant pathology. At that time it was one of the earliest scientific ones among agricultural societies in Korea. Before liberation from the Japanese colonial rule there were a few scientific societies for Japanese scientists only in the Korean Peninsula. It seemed that there was a single exception, in medical field, formed by and operated for Korean ethnics. Right after the liberation, Korean scientists rushed to form new scientific societies in the fields of mechanical engineering, architecture, textile, internal medicine, biology, etc. in 1945, mathematics, chemistry, metallurgy, etc. in 1946, and so on. But agricultural scientists had to wait for more time before setting up their own scientific society, Korean Agricultural Society(韓國農學會), comprising all agricultural subfields, in 1954. They had annual meetings and published their own journal every year until 1962. Then those working in the plant protection field established their own KSPP, right after their section meeting in 1962. At that time the total number of participants for KSPP were only around 50. KSPP scientists were interested in plant pathology, agricultural chemicals, weed science, or bioclimate, besides entomology. They had annual meetings once or twice a year until 1987 and published their own journal, Korean Journal of Plant Protection (KJPP), once a year at the earlier years but soon gradually increasing the frequency to four times a year later. Articles on entomology and plant pathology occupied about 40% each, but the number of oral or posters were a little bit higher on plant pathology than entomology, with the rest on nematology, agricultural chemicals, or soil microarthropods. There also had a number of symposia and special lectures. The presidentship lasted for two years and most of president served only one term, except for the first two. The current president should be $28^{th}$. In the year 1988, KSPP had to be transformed into the applied entomology society, Korean Society of Applied Entomology (KSAE), because most of plant pathologists participating left the society to set up their own one, Korean Society of Plant Pathology in 1984. Since that time the Society concentrates on entomology, basic and applied, with some notes on nematology, acarology, soil microarthropods, agricultural chemicals, etc. The Society has been hosting annual meetings at least twice a year with special lectures and symposia, from time to time, on various topics. It also hosted international symposia including binational scientific meetings twice with two different Japanese (applied entomology in 2003 and acarology in 2009) societies and the Asia-Pacific Congress of Entomology in 2005. The regular society meeting of this year, 2011, turns out to be the 43rd and this autumn non-regular meeting would be the 42nd. It has been publishing two different scientific journals, Korean Journal of Applied Entomology (KJAE) since 1988 and the Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology (JAPE) since 1998. Both journals are published 4 times a year, with articles written in Korean or English in the first, but those in English only in the latter with cooperation from the Taiwan Entomological Society and the Malaysian Plant Protection Society since 2008. It is now enlisted as one of those SCI(science citation index) extended. The highest number of topics discussed at their annual meetings was on ecology, behavior, and host resistance. But at the annual meetings jointly with the Korean Society of Entomology, members were more interested in basic aspects, instead of applied aspects, such as physiology and molecular biology fields. Among those societies related to entomology and plant protection, plant pathology, pesticide, and applied entomology societies are almost similar in membership, but entomology and plant pathology societies are publishing more number of articles than any others. The Society is running beautifully, but there are a few points to be made for further improvement. First, the articles or posters should be correctly categorized on the journals or proceedings. It may be a good idea to ask members to give their own version of correct category for their submissions, either oral or poster or written publication. The category should be classified detailed as much as possible (one kind of example would be systematics, morphology, evolution, ecology, behavior, host preference or resistance, physiology, anatomy, chemical ecology, molecular biology, pathology, chemical control, insecticides, insecticide resistance, biocontrol, biorational control, natural enemies, agricultural pest, forest pest, medical pest, etc.) and such scheme should be given to members beforehand. The members should give one or two, first and second, choices when submitting, if they want. Then the categories might be combined or grouped during editing for optimal arrangement for journals or proceedings. Secondly the journals should carry complete content of the particular year and author index at the last issue of that year. I would also like to have other information, such as awards and awardees in handy way. I could not find any document for listing awards. Such information or article categorization may be assigned to one of the vice presidents. I would rather strongly recommend that the society should give more time and energy on archive management to keep better and more correct history records.

한국산 아옥목 식물 줄기에서 이기목부인 비교해부 (Comparative Anatomy of the Secondary Xylem in the Stem of Malvales Plants in Korea)

  • 임동옥
    • Journal of Plant Biology
    • /
    • 제34권1호
    • /
    • pp.67-75
    • /
    • 1991
  • 한국산 아욱목 식물 4과, 5속 10종의 목부 해부학적 형질을 비교 관찰하여 과 및 속간의 목부의 특수화 정도를 검토하였다. 담팔수과 담팔수속의 목부는 산공재로서 각상 도관이 주로 방사배열(2-14 세포폭)이고 이관 및 반관유조직이 드물게 나타난다. 산공재로서 단독분포도관과 유조직이 계단상 1열대를 보이는 피나무과 식물 중 피나무속은 도관이 각상이고, 방사조직이 절화와 타일세포가 존재하며 장구밥나무속은 원형도관을 보인다. 아욱과 무궁화속은 환공재로 도관은 원형 단독분포이며 유조직이 2열로 나타난다. 그리고 벽오동과 벽오동속은 환공재로 원형 단독분포이며, 반관연합익상 및 이관 다열 유조직이 나타난다. 그리고 유조직에는 전분과립이 많이 나타난다. 도관요소의 배열, 모양, 길이, 직경 및 청공판 각도와 주축유조직의 분포 등의 특징에 의한 이들 과간의 계통순서는 담팔수과(담팔수속) 피나무과(피나무속 장구밥나무속) 아욱과(무궁화속) 벽오동과(벽오동속) 순으로 사료된다.

  • PDF

EVALUATION OF OXYTOCIN LIKE EFFECTS OF Uvariodendron kirkii (Verdec.) EXTRACTS ON ISOLATED UTERINE STRIPS OF WISTAR RATS

  • Kinyua, Esther Wairimu;Maina, Charles Irungu;Kaingu, Catherine Kaluwa;Wafula, David Kayaja
    • 셀메드
    • /
    • 제10권1호
    • /
    • pp.2.1-2.8
    • /
    • 2020
  • Uterotonics have the ability to contract uterus. Such plants might be useful in augmenting or inducing labour, expelling retained afterbirth and for abortifacient purposes. Limitations associated with conventional treatments have made herbal medicines a feasible alternative for the management of these conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contractile effects of Uvariodendron kirkii extracts on isolated uterine strips of female Wistar rats. Isolated strips of Wistar rats' uteri were treated with 20, 40, 80 and 160 mg/ml concentrations of Uvariodendron kirkii aqueous extract. The plant extract was also tested against prostaglandin and oxytocin induced uterine contractions. Uvariodendron kirkii extract concentrations (20, 40, 80 and 160 mg/ml) increased the frequency of uterine contraction (16.53, 25.12, 33.48 and 56.39 percentages respectively) compared to the control. The graded extract concentrations caused a significant increase in amplitude (force) of uterine contractions by 2.87, 9.22, 16.37 and 24.32 percentages respectively. The concentrations significantly increased the frequency of oxytocin induced uterine contractions by 6.92; 28.31; 47.06, 58.78 percentages respectively. The graded extract concentrations also significantly increased the amplitude of oxytocin induced uterine contractions by 6.07; 9.40; 15.19 and 23.56 percentages respectively. Uvariodendron kirkii extract concentrations significantly increased the frequency and amplitude of prostaglandin induced contractions. The percentage increase in frequency was 11.44, 8.92, 20.65 and 35.71 at 20, 40, 80 and 160 mg/ml respectively. The mean amplitude of prostaglandin induced uterine contractions also increased (4.75, 3.89, 8.29 and 15.91% at 20. 40, 80 and 160 mg/ml respectively). The extract caused a dose dependent increase in uterine frequency and amplitude of contraction. The findings of thisstudy are useful in generating a novel uterotonic agent that will be useful in augmenting labour or in expelling retained after birth in cattle. More studies at molecular level will further elucidate the plant mechanism of action.

수평으로 위치한 은단풍(Acer saccharinum L.) 유식물의 제1절간에 있어서 반응조직의 분화 (Differentiation of Reaction Tissues in the First Internode of Acer saccharinum L. Seedling Positioned Horizontally)

  • 강경덕
    • Journal of Plant Biology
    • /
    • 제35권3호
    • /
    • pp.211-217
    • /
    • 1992
  • 본 연구는 중력자극에 대하여 식물체의 일기생장으로부터 이어지는 이기생장 중에 일어나는 생장 반응과 관련지어 유관속조직의 발생상의 변화를 규명하기 위하여, 은단풍 유식물의 제1절간이 수평 위치에서 생장하는 동안에 일어나는 반응조직의 발생과정을 연구하였다. 수평 위치에서 생장한 은단풍 유식물의 제1절간에서 장력재(교질섬유)의 발생과정은 점진적인 과정으로 나타났다. 수평으로 위치한 제1절간의 상부에서 장력재의 발생과정은 기부에서 정단부를 향해 구정적으로 일어났다. 장력재의 해부학적 특성 중 일부는 일기유관속에서도 나타나기 시작하여, 이기생장 전형적인 장력재가 나타나게 되므로 전형성층도 유관속형성층과 마찬가지로 중력에 대하여 반응하는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 이런점으로 보아 전형성층은 유곤속형성층과 동일 분열조직으로 보아야 할 것이다. 도관요소의 길이는 상부에서 길게 나타났고, 도관의 측면무늬에 있어서는 상부와 하부에서 모두 상생으로 차이가 없었다. 방사조직의 폭은 이열방사조직을 이루는 상부가 단열방사조직을 이루는 하부에 비하여 넓고, 높이도 상부에서 다소 높게 나타났다.

  • PDF

대추나무 미친병에 관한 연구(II) -엽 유관속구조에 미치는 해부학적 영향에 대해서-

  • 홍순우
    • Journal of Plant Biology
    • /
    • 제3권2호
    • /
    • pp.29-34
    • /
    • 1960
  • From the view point of phytopathological anatomy, the author has tried to study the effect of the shoot cluster disease virus on the internal structure of vascular tissues of chinese date tree (Ziziphus jujuba var. inermis Rehd.) comparing healthy checks and diseased plants. The materials were collected at the several sites, Kumgock-Ri, Masuc-Ri, Kyungi-Do, and near the campus of Korea University and around the area of Chongam-Dong, Seoul City, from August 15th to September 5th 1959. The leaf materials of healthy and diseased plants are fixed and aspirated in two kinds of killing solutions, formalin-acetic acid alcohol solution and Craf III solution. Sections were cut at 5-10$\mu$ thickness and stained with the double staining reagents of safranin and fast green. In this experiment the author has observed that there are marked structural changes in the infected plants in contrast of healthy checks. As figures 3-7 show that the following characteric changes have taken place on infected plants: 1) the arrangement of irregularly developed sieve elements in phloem, 2) the degeneration of phloem elements, 3) the irregular arrangement of epidermis in mid-vein, 4) more necrosis is observed among the parenchymatous cells, 5) abundant accumulatin of starch grains in parenchymatous cells, . In contrast to the above irregularities caused by the virus disease, the healthy checks appear normal structures as shown in figures 1 and 2. In adding to the all features noted above, the author could also observe an interesting feature that the xylem elements in mid-vein vascular bundle tissues are considerably disorganized to show the unspecialized vessel elements, the irregularly arranged xylem elements. However, this kind of irregularities which occur in xylem under the virus infection has not been reported previously. The features noted on the internal structure of vascular bundle under the condition of infection by the shoot cluster disease on chinese date trees appear to be more or less closely similar to the symptoms of the bunchy-top of banana and the yellow dwarf disease of barley in respect to the fact that whether phloem necrosis takes place as a primary symptom or a secondary symptom. In all these disease, primary histological changes of hypoplasia and hypertrophy are preceeded by the necrosis of phloem.

  • PDF

여주 추출물의 항산화 활성 (Antioxidant Activity of Momordica charantia L. Extracts)

  • 박열;부희옥;박영란;조동하;이현화
    • 한국약용작물학회지
    • /
    • 제15권1호
    • /
    • pp.56-61
    • /
    • 2007
  • 여주의 부위별 항산화 활성 및 비타민 C의 함량을 조사하였다. 각 부위별 비타민 C의 함량을 보면 미성숙과에서 92.2mg/100 g으로 가장 높게 나타났는데, 이는 줄기에서의 2.5mg/100 g 보다 40배 이상 높은 함량이다. 여주의 각 부위별 메탄올 추출물을 TBA 방법으로 항산화효과를 측정한 결과 잎 추출물에서 0,05로 가장 높은 항산화 효능을 나타냈으며, 이는 추출물이 ascorbic acid와 BHT보다도 항산화력이 우수함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 각 부위별 건조시료와 생체시료에서의 SOD, APX 그리고 CAT의 활성을 비교한 결과 건조시료인 경우가 생체시료에서보다 활성이 더 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과들은 여주가 식물유래 천연 항산화제로서의 높은 가치를 지니고 있으며 앞으로 이에 대한 개발 가능성이 매우 높음을 시사해 주고 있다.

한국산 골풀속의 해부학적 형질에 의한 분류학적 연구 (A taxonomic study of Korean Juncus based on the anatomical characters)

  • 장창석;오병운
    • 식물분류학회지
    • /
    • 제46권4호
    • /
    • pp.392-404
    • /
    • 2016
  • 한국산 골풀속 19 분류군에 대하여 해부학적 형질의 유용성을 검토하고자 연구를 수행하였다. 줄기, 잎, 삭과 등을 횡단하여 관찰하였으며, 주요 형질을 도해하고, 기재하였다. 또한 해부학적 형질에 근거한 검색표를 작성하였고, 분류군간 차이점을 표로 제시하였다. 연구 결과, 줄기의 유관속, 섬유, 기도의 배열양상과 잎의 형태, 유관속 및 유조직의 배열양상, 삭과에서 태좌의 발달정도 등의 형질들이 골풀속 식물의 분류에 매우 유용한 것으로 확인되었다. 그러나 일부 분류군에서는 근연 분류군과의 분류형질로 유용한 것으로 밝혀졌지만, 종 수준보다는 절 또는 아속 수준의 분류에 더 유용한 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 해부학적 형질은 다른 외부형태학적 형질과 더불어 보다 자연적인 분류체계 설정에 기여할 수 있을 것이라 판단되었다.

Anti-inflammatory Effect of Ethyl alcohol Roasted Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi on Croton Oil-induced Mice Ear Edema

  • Lim, Junsik;Ahn, Sanghyun;Kang, Myunghoon;Kim, Minhee;Kim, Wonnam
    • 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
    • /
    • pp.86-86
    • /
    • 2019
  • Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SB) has been widely studied to treat inflammatory diseases in east Asia. In the recent years, many studies have focused on modifying herbs to increase the pharmacological effects. Roasting alcohol absorbed SB is one of the traditional methods to increase the therapeutic effects. Currently there are no reports on the pharmacological effects of roasted SB. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of roasted 30% ethyl alcohol absorbed SB extract (SR) on mice ear edema. After intra-gastric injection of dexamethasone (for positive control, 2 mg/kg) and SR (50, 100, 400 mg/kg), ear edema was provoked by croton oil (5% v/v in acetone, 10 ul/ear). Ear thickness was measured with a digital caliper to quantify the change in swelling. For histological study, we made paraffin sections and performed Phloxine-Tartrazine staining and Masson's trichrome staining to observe epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous region and collagen fiber of mice ear tissues. Ear thickness decreased dose-dependent manner in SR treated groups. Histological analysis compared with dexamethasone treated group, SR treated groups demonstrated a similar reduction in hypoplasia of epidermis and influx of inflammatory cells. Increase of subcutaneous layer and decrease of collagen fibers were significantly recovered in SR treated group (400 mg/kg) and dexamethasone treated group. In conclusion, treatment with SR ameliorates auricular inflammation induced with croton oil in mice. Experiments are now underway to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying anti-inflammatory activities of SR.

  • PDF