• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2013

과학기술의 발전으로 대한민국 해군의 함정 등의 무기체계는 첨단화, 과학화 되면서, 무기체계를 도입 및 운영, 유지하는 비용도 크게 증가한 반면, 이를 위한 국방비는 한정되어 있다. 따라서, 최적화된 예산을 사용하면서 적절한 가용도를 유지하기 위해 함정 가동에 영향을 주는 수리부속에 대한 효율적이고 과학적인 관리가 필요하다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 복구성 수리부속의 재고수준에 따른 가용도를 산출하는 시물레이션 재고관리 모형을 제시하였다. 제시된 모델은 기존의 복구성 수리부속의 다단계 재고관리모형인 METRIC 모형을 바탕으로 계획정비, 재생율, 전환보급, 동류전용 등의 현실적인 개념을 순차적으로 반영한 5개의 모델로 구성되어 있다. 실험은 각 모델에 같은 재고수준량을 입력하여 가용도의 결과값을 산출하도록 진행하였으며, 추가적인 민감도 분석을 실시하였다. 실험결과 각 모델별 가용도의 차이가 있었으며, 따라서, 해군의 운영특성을 반영한 재고관리 모델의 개발이 필요함을 확인하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.17-30
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• 1975

The concept and definition of nursing and her role have been changing in accordance with the socio-cultural factors of the initial society. At present, nursing is conceptualized as a health care profession assisting man to restore, maintain and promote health by providing knowledge, wilt strength and resources through various processes of interaction. Man′s behavior, of individual and group activities for health inclusive, is driven by the initial man′s value orientation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the value orientation regarding health of rural health center milieu in order to give data for; 1. the planning for the delivery of community nursing service, 2. the health education plan at all level of nursing care activities, and 3. the planning of curriculum for nursing education. A hundred opinion leaders among the labor population residing in rural areas (P-group), hundred and six professional nurses at rural health centers (N-group) were indirectly interviewed through questionaries. And ninety five of N-group were interviewed likewise of their perceptions of P-group (NP-group) from July 15, to October 15, 1974. The result is as follows: 1. Maintenance of health is revealed to be the most valued component for man′s happiness in all the three groups. (P-group: 7.30 S. D.=1.31), (N-group :7.84 S. D. =49), and (NP-group : 5.93 S. D. =2.28) 2. The average value score of the maintenance of health revealed significant difference by P〈.001 level between each of the three groups. (Between N-group and P-group : T= -4.07 P and NP ; T=-6.93, N and NP: T=-9.35) 3. Basic health maintenance activities necessary for maintenance and promotion of personal health were moderately valued by all the three groups, P-group ; 3.74 (S. D. =.43) , N-group: 3.52 (S. D. =.34), NP-group: 3.07 (S. D. :.55) Among the 8 categories of basic health maintenance activities, "food intake" was highly valued by P-group (mean value score; 4.00 S. D=.51) , "exercise and rest" and "personal cleanliness" was highly valued by both P-group (4.02, 4.08) and N-group (4.08, 4.22). 4. The mean value score of basic health maintenance activities revealed significant difference by P〈.001 level between each of the three groups (between P-group and N-group: T=-4, 07, N-and NP: T=-6.93, P and NP T=-9.35) 5. Among the 30 questionaries, dynamic activities for health maintenance were more valued in comparison to passive activities in an tile three groups. 6. In N-group, correlation between the value of basic health maintenance activities and the personal health status personal revealed moderate significance. Correlation between the value of basic health maintenance activities and the age revealed low significance. 7. In group, correlation between the value of basic health maintenance activities and; perception of personal health status revealed non significance, between the age and sex revealed low sign affiance, and between the educational status revealed moderate significance. Recommendations are as follows ; 1. The efforts towards alteration of value orientation concerning health in general in community nursing practice de focussed be that of family Planning. 2. In order to prepare professional nurses competent in understanding individual and group, social science and behavioral science be strength ended in planning nursing curriculum. 3. Milieu of nursing experience during nursing education be Planned to begin at simple nursing problem and move towards complex, f. e. home care towards health crisis situation in order to achieve dynamic role mastery.

• 농촌계획
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.17-28
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• 2012

Functional mismatch and thought and plan-less material use of recently built boundary barriers in rural areas should greatly degrade their amenity value as one of linear villagescapes, but, their present state-of-art basically necessary for problem-solving had never surveyed up to now. From this point of view, this study tried to investigate present stock quantities and qualities of boundary barriers in rural areas by sample studies on 21 case villages(7 types ${\times}$ 3 cases) and comparative analysis between the planned or improved and nots. Wall type was absolutely dominated in the structural terms, of which more than half was used cement block as building material and, therefore, grey-colored. More than half of total barrier length were fully shielded, while relatively partially shielded in the mountainous villages in open space and 'Cultural villages' with closed housing structures. Free standing style of barriers was shown along over two thirds of their total length, although not more than half in planned reclaimed villages. Especially, because of one-sided wall type structure, mismatched over-shieldness and poorer maintenance condition of the boundary barriers in peri-urban villages, there should be provided with very intensive improvement efforts for amenity barriers.

• 사물인터넷융복합논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2022

최근 중국에서 중대형 도시철도의 급속한 발전으로 고속철도의 총 운행거리와 총 EMU(Electric Multiple Units) 수가 증가하고 있다. 고속 EMU의 시스템 복잡성은 지속적으로 증가하고 있으며, 이는 장비의 안전성과 유지보수의 효율성에 대한 더 높은 요구사항을 제시한다. 현재 중국의 고속 EMU의 유지보수 모드는 여전히 계획적인 유지보수 및 고장보수에 기반한 사후 유지보수 방식을 채택하고 있어 유지보수가 미흡하거나 과도하게 이루어지며, 장비 고장 처리의 효율성을 떨어뜨리고 유지보수 비용을 증가시킨다. PHM(진단 및 예측관리)의 지능형 운영 및 유지관리 기술을 기반으로 합니다. 본 논문은 고속 EMU의 서로 다른 시나리오의 다중 소스 이기종 데이터를 통합하여 "차량 시스템-통신 시스템-지상 시스템"의 통합 PHM 플랫폼을 구축하고, 장비 고장 메커니즘을 인공지능 알고리즘과 결합하여 고속 EMU의 트랙션 모터에 대한 고장 예측 모델을 구축한다. 고속 EMU의 안전하고 효율적인 작동을 보장하기 위해 고장 예측 및 정확한 유지보수를 사전에 수행해야 한다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.187-202
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• 1998

This study was carried out to identify the difference between educational needs and levels of satisfaction of primigravida during the antepartum period. The goal of the study was to obtain data needed to develope educational programs and to improve the nursing quality for antepartal clients. The subjects were 106 primigravida who attend antenatal clinic at 3 general hospitals in the Seoul area. The data was gathered using a questionnaire which, consist of 71 items, was developed by the researcher from May 4 to June 3, 1998. Results found are as follows : 1. The characteristics of subjects : The majority of subjects were aged 25-29 years(73.6%), college graduates(61.3%), jobless(68.9%), had no religion(38.7%), attended antenatal clinic regularly(91.5%), duration of pregnancy was 38-39 weeks(49.06%), pregnancy was planned(67%), and 42.5% have had some sort of prenatal education. 2. Over all level of educational needs was relatively high(Mn. 3.97) but the level of satisfaction was of average level(Mn. 3.01). Therefore, differences between the level of educational needs and satisfaction was significant(P=.0001). 3. The educational needs by category, the highest need was on birth preparation(Mn. 4.18), self care of the mother and infant care(Mn 4.10), health maintenance and promotion(Mn. 3.79), the lowest was care of discomfort(Mn 3.66). The level of satisfaction was higher on postpartum self care(Mn 3.15), but the lowest was infant care(Mn 2.84). Differences between educational needs and satisfaction by categories was significant(P=.0001). 4. Relationship between educational needs and levels of satisfaction among primigravida of different characteristics were as follows : 1) Educational needs of minor discomforts area were significantly high among age of 25-29(P=.0108), and over 35 years of age, was satisfied on preparation of labor & delivery, postpartum self care (P=.036, .02). 2) With regard to different level of education, middle school graduates had higher educational needs on discomfort care and postpartum self care(P=.0014, .014). College graduates have had higher educational needs on health maintenance(P=.008) and were more satisfied on preparation of birth(P=.0025) 3) With regard to whether pregnancy was planned or not, no difference was found on educational needs. But the levels of satisfaction was significantly higher in the group of planned pregnancy(discomfort care P=.0454, birth preparation P=.0256, postpartum self care P=.0092). 4) with regard to antenatal education, those who have had some sort of antenatal education, educational needs on birth preparation(P=.0345) was significantly high. And also the levels of satisfaction were significantly higher on every category(P=.0004-.0001). 5) No difference was found on educational needs or level of satisfaction by Job, religions, regularity of antenatal care and complication of pregnancy.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2012

정부는 재정의 효율적 운영을 위해 민자 유치를 적극 추진하여 2012년 현재 9개 민자고속도로/422km가 운영중이며, 향후 24개 노선/928km로 확대 운영될 예정이다. 그러나, 평균연장이 37km에 불과한 민자고속도로들이 노선별로 요금정산과 유지관리를 시행함에 따라 이용자 불편, 도로정체, 운영비 증가 등 문제 발생하고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 단구간 민자고속도로의 통합운영을 제안한다. 통합운영으로 인해 이용객 운행시간 감소, 운영비용 절감, 민자고속도로 통행료 인하가 가능하며, 통합으로 인한 경제적인 효과는 수천억원이 될 것으로 예상된다. 또한 민자 및 재정고속도로의 요금정산 통합운영으로 중간정산영업소 정차시간 단축으로 이용객 편의증진 및 안전운행을 도모할 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2023

The Korea Augmentation Satellite System (KASS) system is a Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS) under development to provide APV-I SBAS service in the Republic of Korea. The KASS ground segment generates correction and integrity information for GPS measurements of KASS users using the accurate positions of KASS Reference Station (KRS) antenna phase centers. For this reason, the accuracy of KRS reference points through geodetic survey campaigns is one of the important factors for providing the KASS service in compliance with the required navigation performance. In order to obtain accurate positions, two geodetic survey campaigns were performed at several reference points, such as Mark, Center of Mast at Ground Level (CMGL), and Center of Hole in Top Plate (CHTP), of each KRS site using three different survey methods, the Virtual Reference Station (VRS), Flächen Korrektur Parameter (FKP), and raw data post-processing methods. By comparing and analyzing the results, the computed coordinates of the reference points were verified and Antenna Phase Center (APC) positions were calculated using KRS Antenna Reference Point (ARP) data, and the first KASS Site Acceptance Test (SAT#1) was performed successfully using the verified APC coordinates. After the first site survey activities, the KASS operators should maintain the coordinates with the required performance such that the overall KASS navigation performance commitment is guaranteed during the lifetime of 15 years. Therefore, the maintenance plan for the KRS antenna coordinates should be developed before the commissioning of KASS operation planned after 2023. Therefore, this paper presents a geodetic survey method selected for the maintenance activities and provides the rationale for using this method.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.409-423
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• 2023

In this study, we analyzed how the revenue water ratio(RWR) is affected by changes in conditions of the water supply area, such as the ratio of aging pipes, maintenance conditions, and revenue water. As a result of analyzing the impact of pipe aging and maintenance conditions on the RWR, it was confirmed that the RWR could be decreased if the pipe replacement project to improve the aging pipe ratio was not carried out and proper maintenance costs were not secured. It was also confirmed that an increase in the revenue water could be operated to facilitate the achievement of the project's target RWR. In contrast, a decrease in the revenue water due to a population reduction could affect the failure of the target RWR. In addition to analyzing the causes of variation in the RWR, the calculation of estimated project costs was considered by using leakage reduction instead of RWR from recent RWR improvement project cost data. From this analysis, it was reviewed whether the project costs planned to achieve the target RWR of the RWR improvement project in A city were appropriate. In conclusion, the RWR could be affected by variations in the ratio of aging pipes, maintenance conditions, and revenue water, and it was reasonable to consider not only the construction input but also the input related to RWR improvement, such as leakage reduction, when calculating the project cost.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2013

A outdoor space of the brand apartment can improve the quality of the whole environment in apartment and has differentiated identity in apartment housing through various versions of the green space and water space plan. The purpose of this study is to evaluate nature-friendly design characteristics in brand apartments and to offer a basic information for planning of brand apartment. In concrete, nature-friendly design did by green space and water space that can analyze by visual, and investigation contents divided to position, form, user behavior, link space from user viewpoint by case study. This study examined a case of eight brand apartments located in Gangnamgu, Seoul. We has divided the characteristics of a green space into horizontal type, vertical type, multi-dimensional type and has divided the water space into stagnant water type, flowing stream type, waterfall type and fountain type. The findings are summarized as follows: First, in case of the space of brand apartment, the application of horizontal and vertical greenery was lower compare with multi-dimensional green space. The most of items for multi-dimensional greenery have been planned to the open space and promenade. Second, a stagnant water type of water space features well used in most of the cases but a water space of signs of activity like a flowing stream, waterfall, fountain types were underused because of problem of administrative and maintenance expenses. Thirdly, Water space of brand apartments was planned with specialization item by apartment housing but green space does not have differentiated item and was planned by most similar form.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.83-94
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• 2022

정부의 주거복지 로드맵(2017)에 따른 공공임대주택의 지속적인 증가, 장기공공임대주택의 노후화에 따른 시설 성능 개선 및 주거수준 향상 요구 등을 위한 시설물 유지관리비가 큰 폭으로 증가하여 재고주택 유지를 위한 공공임대사업자의 재정부담이 가중되고 있다. 그러나, 현재까지 노후 장기공공임대주택의 운영과정에서 시설물 수선종류 공사별, 내용연수 기간 경과 연수별로 집행되는 유지관리비 규모를 분석하는 객관적인 자료가 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 서울시에 위치한 33개 장기공공임대주택의 유지관리비 실적 자료를 바탕으로 경과 연수 14년에서 28년 기간의 집행 현황을 분석하였다. 또한, 경과 연수별 유지관리비를 '장기수선계획공사 및 국비지원사업[Y₁]', '계획수선공사 및 일반수선공사[Y₂]', '총 유지관리비[Y₃]'로 구분하여 예측 모형을 제안하였다. 본 연구는 공공임대사업자가 예산수립 단계에서 유지관리계획 수립과 공공임대주택의 지속 가능한 운영 계획수립을 위한 기초자료로 활용 가능할 것으로 판단된다.