• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.242-249
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• 2011

In this paper, the correspondence matching method of stereo images was proposed by means of sampling projective transformation matrix in planar region of scene. Though this study is based on RANSAC, it does not use uniform distribution by random sampling in RANSAC, but use multi non-uniform computed from difference in positions of feature point of image or templates matching. The existing matching method sampled that the correspondence is presumed to correct by use of the condition which the correct correspondence is almost satisfying, and applied RANSAC by matching the correspondence into one to one, but by sampling in stages in multi probability distribution computed for image in the proposed method, the correct correspondence of high probability can be sampled among multi correspondence candidates effectively. In the result, we could obtain many correct correspondence and verify effectiveness of the proposed method in the simulation and experiment of real images.

• Proceedings of the Society of Korea Industrial and System Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.139-149
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• 2002

This paper presents an approach to derive probability models for use in structural reliability studies. Two main points are made. First, that it is possible to translate engineering and physics knowledge into a requirement on the form of a probability model. And second, that making assumptions about a probability model for structural failure implies either explicit or hidden assumptions about material and structural properties. The work is foundational in nature, but is developed with explicit examples taken from planar and general stress problems, the von Mises failure criterion, and a modified Weibull distribution.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.3842-3855
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• 2018

A novel image completion method is proposed that uses the advantage of planar structural information to fill corrupted portions of an image. First, in estimating parameters of the projection plane, the image is divided into several planes, and their planar structural information is analyzed. Second, in calculating the a priori probability of patch and patch offset regularity, this information is converted into a constraint condition to guide the process of filling the hole. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is fast and effective, and ensures the structure continuity of the damaged region and smoothness of the texture.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.1314-1319
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• 2004

The rosen types of piezo-transformers were prepared and electrical properties were investigated in order to establish the optimum parameters in the process of polarization for ferroelectric materials. Polarization was readily originated with increasing the external energy such as an applied voltage, time, and temperature so that the planar coupling factor and voltage gain were saturated under the conditions of over 14$0^{\circ}C$, applied voltage and time of 4 kV/mm and 3 minutes respectively. The empirical equation for domain rotation probability, which was in proportion to square of an applied voltage and temperature and square root of time, as functions of the above parameters was defined.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.2 no.5
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• pp.549-553
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• 1998

Using the planar lipid bilayer method, we investigated the effect of d-tubocurarine (dTC) on the extracellular side of large-conductance $Ca^{2+}-activated\;K^+$ channel from rat brain. When the initial open probability (Po) of the channel was relatively high, dTC decreased channel activity in a concentration dependent manner. In contrast, when the initial Po was lower, sub-micro molar dTC increased channel activity by destabilizing the closed states of the channel. Further addition of dTC up to micro molar range decreased channel activity. This dual effect of dTC implicates that there exist at least two different binding sites for dTC.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.85-90
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• 2013

This paper presents a study on terrain referenced navigation (TRN). The extended Kalman filter (EKF) is adopted as a filter method. A Jacobian matrix of measurement equations in the EKF consists of terrain slope terms, and accurate slope estimation is essential to keep filter stability. Two slope estimation methods are proposed in this study. Both methods are based on the least-squares approach. One is planar regression searching the best plane, in the least-squares sense, representing the terrain map over the region, determined by position error covariance. It is shown that the method could provide a more accurate solution than the previously developed linear regression approach, which uses lines rather than a plane in the least-squares measure. The other proposed method is weighted planar regression. Additional weights formed by Gaussian pdf are multiplied in the planar regression, to reflect the actual pdf of the position estimate of EKF. Monte Carlo simulations are conducted, to compare the performance between the previous and two proposed methods, by analyzing the filter properties of divergence probability and convergence speed. It is expected that one of the slope estimation methods could be implemented, after determining which of the filter properties is more significant at each mission.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.121-132
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• 1999

We have compared Korean and American mathematics curriculums in 5 areas: whole number(concepts and its operations); geometry; pattern and relations; measurements; statistics and probability. We have found significant differences in geometry area. Korean curriculums contain simple planar figures (circles, triangles, rectangles, and squres) and some of the spatial figures until 3rd grades. But in America they learn various planar and spatial fugures(cone, pyramid, triangular prism, etc) since the 1st grade starts. They also start the 1st grade by dealing with topological concepts like open/closed, inside/outside, order, etc. As the grade goes on, students learn other geometrical concepts like congruence, symmetry, 3-dimensional views. We also found that American curriculum focuses on students' activities and courages communication through projects, groupwork, journal writing, etc. It's also superior in respects of motivation, and connections with real life and other subjects. Korean curriculum needs more improvements in these aspects. Furthermore for lower graders reviewing sections need to be enhanced for feedback.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.13-27
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• 1995

single $K^{+}$ channels of skeletal muscle from the rat and frog were into planar lipid bilayers and their properties were studied. Fusion was induced by an osmotic gradient. Of the four types of $K^{+}$ channels recorded, the two most frequently observed were a voltage and $Ca^{2+}-activated$ $K^{+}$ channel and a $K^{+}$ channel with a prominent conductance substate. The first $K^{+}$ channel was identified as the large $Ca^{2+}-activated$ $K^{+}$ (BK) channel because the open-state probability was increased with depolarization (e-fold change per $10.6{\pm}3.5$ mV, n=8) and internal $Ca^{2+}$ (half-activation at $16.7{\pm}3.8$ mV, n=8, pCa 4) and its conductance was large ($247{\pm}4.9$ pS, n=24 in 0.1 M KCI). Lifetime distributions of open- and closed-states could be fitted with single exponentials of several milliseconds. The mean open- and closed-lifetimes were linearly dependent on the intracellular $[Ca^{2+}]$ and $1/[Ca^{2+}]$, respectively. The second $K^{+}$ channel showed a conductance substate at $30{\sim}60%$ of the open state. Its current-voltage relation was linear in the range of $-80\;{\sim}\;+80\;mV$. The slope conductance of the substate and open-state were 40 and 144 pS in 0.2 M KCl, respectively. The channel was highly selective for $K^{+}$ over Cl. The open-state probability was weakly voltage-dependent (e-fold change per 35 mV. The lifetime distributions of open- and closed-states were fitted with two exponentials and the major gating occurred slowly at several hundred milliseconds. Based on the above results, we think the second type of $K^{+}$ channel is the sarcoplasmic reticulum $K^{+}$ (SRK) channel. In addition, both types of channel were also incorporated into the lipids extracted from the skeletal muscle. The channel properties recorded in the bilayers termed from synthetic and extracted lipids were qualitatively similar. Our data indicate that BK and SRK channels are rich in the skeletal muscle and their properties and regulation could be effectively studied in planar lipid bilayer.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.02a
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• pp.528-528
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• 2012

Recently, atmospheric pressure plasmas attract lots of interests for the useful applications such as surface modification and bio-medical treatment. In this study, a particle-in-cell Monte Carlo collision (PIC-MCC) simulation was adopted to investigate the discharge characteristics of a planar micro dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) with a driving frequency from 13.56 MHz to 162.72 MHz and with a gap distance of 80 micrometers. The variation of frequency, in the change in the electron energy probability function (EEPF). Through the relation between the ion trajectories and the frequency, results in the change of EEPFs is achievable with the turning point of frequency mode. Therefore, it is possible to categorize the efficient operation range of DBDs for its applications by controlling the interactions between plasmas and neutral gas for the generation of preferable radicals.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.35-41
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• 2023

From a marine sponge Dysidea species, four new furanosesquiterterpenoids were isolated and characterized. Their structural elucidation was achieved through an extensive analysis employing NMR, MS data, and DFT method. Notably, all compounds shared as identical molecular formula. Compound 2 was identified as a derivative of compound 1, while compounds 3 and 4 exhibited an identical planar structure. Determination of the configurations of chiral centers in compounds 1 and 2 involved a comparative analysis between measured and calculated ECD spectra, along with the application of DP4+ probability analysis. Distinctly, the configurations of isomers 3 and 4 were established by scrutinizing proton chemical shifts based on the NOE correlation.