• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.43 no.6 s.312
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• pp.85-96
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• 2006

This paper deal with a method for efficient placing 2 dimensional virtual labels on the view plane. The proposed method has suitable computational costs for realtime processing and it overcomes the local minima problem which is not solved in previous automatic label placement algorithms, and also it enhances readability by placing labels in less congestion area on the view plane. Background analysis must be considered for label placement. However previous works do not concern with this problem seriously. And furthermore, automatic label placement algorithm and background analysis algorithm have been studied separately in their own field. This paper proposed the background analysis method using background color and texture component to enhance readability, and it is the first research about analyzing the background of color image and applying it in automatic label placement field. This paper shown improved placement performance through combining automatic label placement algorithm and background analysis algorithm organically, and various experiments verified it.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.186-198
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• 2020

The current study examines how product type and attitudes toward the webtoon - a digital comic that originated in Korea - affect consumer responses to webtoon product placement (PPL). Specifically, it examines the following responses: the perception of PPL intrusiveness, attitudes toward the PPL, attitudes toward the brand, word-of-mouth intention, and purchase intention. It further investigates how PPL type interacts with product type and attitudes toward the webtoon on consumer responses to the PPL. The findings from a 2 (product type: functional vs. hedonic) × 2 (attitudes toward the webtoon: negative vs. positive) × 2 (PPL type: creative placement vs. on-set placement) between-subject experimental study suggest the following: consumer responses to PPL in webtoon is more positive when the product is hedonic (vs. functional) and when attitudes toward the webtoon are positive (vs. negative). This study further suggests when subjects felt favorably toward the webtoon, the creative placement produced weaker perceptions of PPL intrusiveness and more favorable attitudes toward the PPL than the on-set placement. On the other hand, when subjects felt negatively toward the webtoon, the on-set placement evoked weaker perceptions of intrusiveness and more favorable attitudes toward the PPL than did the creative placement.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.265-268
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• 2005

Objective : With the increasing popularity of pedicle screw fixation devices for several indications, the safety and reliability of screw insertion in the small pedicle has become a major issue. Many studies have investigated the accuracy of screw placement after pedicle screw fixation using various method. The reported displacement rates have been very different. The purpose of the study is to investigate the proper placement of pedicle screw insertion in the lumbar spine on 26 consecutive patients. Methods : Between September and December 2003, 26 consecutive patients [16women and 10men] were analyzed after transpedicular screw fixation of the lumbar and lumbosacral spine. After pedicle screw fixation in this study, 2-mm slices of CT scan were performed in all patients to detect caudal and cranial deviation of screw and medial and lateral deviation. Pedcile screw placement related complication was evaluated clinically. Results : A total of 144 inserted pedicle were analyzed in 26patients, and 58pedicle screws [40.3%] were detected to be improper placement. There were 14level [9.0%] of caudal or cranial deviation and 44level [30.6%] of medial or lateral deviation to the pedicle. Extra-pedicle placement was found on 4levels [2.7%] with only lease of neurologic injury. Conclusion : Proper screw placement, though complication rate is low, is important not only for clinical symptom but also for biomechanics. Further study for screw placement related biomechanical changes is needed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.135-141
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• 2015

In this study, two different uniform placement methods are proposed for each of Tetrapod, Rakuna-IV, and Dimple armoring a rubble mound breakwater, and the corresponding stability coefficients are determined by hydraulic experiments. The Tetrapod and Rakuna-IV show similar stability coefficients regardless of the placement methods, whereas the Dimple shows somewhat different stability coefficients depending on the placement methods. It is shown that the Dimple gives the largest stability coefficient, whereas the Tatrapod gives the smallest value. The uniform placement methods of Tatrapod and Rakuna-IV give slightly larger stability coefficients than the random placement, whereas the uniform placements of Dimple give much larger stability coefficients than the random placement. However, the small void ratio of uniform placements of Dimple requires attention because the blocks would behave like single layer system blocks so that brittle failure could occur.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.181-190
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• 2011

This study aims at finding out if there are consumers' belief perception of influential factors on product placement. In addition to the difference between the perception of product placement effect factors and that of relevance on attitude of ad. For this work, this study surveyed male and female consumers. As the result, firstly we could find out the consumers perception in factors such as participation of public entertainer, undisguised description, confidence on sponsor, distinction among brands, and offer of information. Secondly, it showed that there were differences between mail and femail consumers' recognition on PPL advertisement attitude. Thirdly, there were perception on product placement effect factors and relevance on attitude of advertisement. These results will not only offer product placement making working group data describing what important belief factors are but also provide basic data for strategy of product placement maker to advertising agency, who has interestin planning to extend its business to PPL field.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.30 no.10
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• pp.595-602
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• 2003

This Paper presents an efficient hybrid techniques for a standard cell placement. The prototype tool adopts a middle-down methodology in which an n${\times}$m grid is imposed over the layout area and cells are assigned to bins forming a global placement. The optimization technique applied in this phase is based on the Relaxation-Based Local Search (RBLS) framework [12］in which a combinatorial search mechanism is driven by an analytical engine. This enables a more global view of the problem and results in complex modifications of the placement in a single search“move.”Details of this approach including a novel placement legalization procedure are presented. When a global placement converges, a detailed placement is formed and further optimized by the optimal interleaving technique[13］. Experimental results on MCNC benchmarking circuits are presented and compared with the Feng Shui's results in［14］. Solution Qualifies are almost the same as the Feng Shui's results.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.1549-1555
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• 2009

The Relay node placement problem is one of the most important requirements for many wireless sensor networks because the lifetime of sensor networks is closely related with the placement of relay nodes which receive sensed data from sensor nodes and forward them to the base station. Relay node placement problem has focused at minimization of dissipated total energy of the sensor nodes in whole networks. However, minimum total energy causes the unbalance of consumed energy in sensor nodes due to different distances between relay nodes and sensor nodes. This paper proposes the concept of energy balance ratio and finds the locations of relay nodes using objective functions which maximize the energy balance ratio. Maximizing this ratio results in maximizing the network lifetime by minimizing the energy consumption of large-scale sensor networks. However, finding a solution to relay node placement problem is NP-hard and it is very difficult to get exact solutions. Therefore, we get approximate solutions to EBR-RNP problem which considers both energy balance ratio and relay node placement using constraint programming.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.546-554
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• 2021

Purpose: Malnutrition is a significant issue for pediatric patients with cancer. We sought to evaluate the effectiveness and complication rate of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) placement in pediatric oncology patients. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on 49 pediatric oncology patients undergoing PEG placement at Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital between 2000 and 2016. Demographic and clinical characteristics, complications, absolute neutrophil count at time of PEG placement and at time of complications, length of stay, and mortality were identified. Weight-for-age Z-scores were evaluated at time of- and six months post-PEG placement. Results: The overall mean weight-for-age Z-score improved by 0.73 (p<0.0001) from pre- (-1.11) to post- (-0.38) PEG placement. Improvement in Z-score was seen in patients who were malnourished at time of PEG placement (1.14, p<0.0001), but not in those who were not malnourished (0.32, p=0.197). Site infections were seen in 12 (24%), buried bumper syndrome in five (10%), and tube dislodgement in one (2%) patient. One patient (2%) with fever was treated for possible peritonitis. There were no cases of other major complications, including gastric perforation, gastrocolic fistula, clinically significant bleeding, or PEG-related death documented. Conclusion: Consistent with previous studies, our data suggests a relationship between site complications (superficial wound infection, buried bumper syndrome) and neutropenia. Additionally, PEG placement appears to be an effective modality for improving nutritional status in malnourished pediatric oncology patients. However, larger prospective studies with appropriate controls and adjustment for potential confounders are warranted to confirm these findings.

• KNOM Review
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.46-52
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• 2018

For data-intensive scientific workflow application experiments that leverage the cloud computing environment, large amounts of data can be distributed across multiple data centers in the cloud. The generated intermediate data can also be transmitted through access between different data centers. When the application is executed, the execution result is changed according to the location of the data since the intermediate data generated is used. However, existing data placement strategies do not consider the characteristics of scientific applications. In this paper, we define a data-intensive tasks and propose runtime data placement in that interval. Through the proposed data placement scheme, we analyze the scenarios considering the number of times in the data intensive tasks defined in this study and derive the results. In addition, performance was compared by analyzing runtime data placement times and runtime data placement overhead.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.881-889
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• 2022

This study is to empirically investigate the impact of product placement on purchase intention. Product placement is growing due to its advantages that it is cheaper than general advertising and free from restrictions from exposure time. Considering that, this study includes variables reflecting high importance and characteristic changes in product placement. The study selects fashion involvement, celebrity involvement, bald exposure, and exposure strength as variables reflecting the unique characteristics of product placement, observance of ethics and consumer deception as ones reflecting ethical aspects, and program popularity and media familiarity as variables reflecting means of using product placement. As a result, celebrity involvement and program popularity have a positive influence on purchase intention, and consumer deception has a negative impact. However, fashion involvement, bald exposure, exposure strength, observance of ethics, and media familiarity do not have a statistically significant impact. This study explains the results through comparison with previous studies and suggests implications based on the association between product placement and purchase intention.