• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.20 no.6 s.73
• /
• pp.123-129
• /
• 2006

The mechanical properties of bellows, such as the extensibility and the strength can be changed depending on the shape. For the shipbuilding material, it is desirable that the fatigue life is long due to the elastic property and the reduction of thermal stress in piping system. Nowadays, the domestic production and design of bellows are based on the E.J.M.A. Code. Therefore, the design standard is in need because of much errors and lack of detailed analysis. In this study, it is attempted to find out the optimal shape of U-type bellows using the finite element analysis. The design factors, mountain height, length, thickness, and the number of convolutions are considered and the proper values are chosen for the simulation. The results shaw that as the number of convolutions reduces, the volume decreases while the stress increases. However, as the number of convolutions increases, the volume increases above the standard volume and the stress obviously increases. In addition, the effect of the thickness of bellows on the stress is very large. Both of the mass and stress are decreasing at a certain lower value region. Also, we investigated shape optimization with considering maximum stress distribution tendency.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.35 no.6
• /
• pp.651-659
• /
• 2011

With the increase in the thermal power output of recently developed nuclear power plants, the applied forces and moments are increased in some piping systems, so that the leak-before-break (LBB) application criteria would not be satisfied in those pipes. In this paper, we present a method for obtaining the additive LBB margin in the pipes by considering the nonlinearity of the crack and material properties. Finite element analysis and the moment-rotation equation of beam theory were used to calculate the nonlinearity of the crack and material properties. Moreover crack stability analysis was performed using the method proposed in this study. The LBB margin was increased effectively through consideration of the nonlinearity of the crack and material properties in the pipe.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.413-421
• /
• 2010

In this study, residual-stress distributions in welds with different strength used in natural gas pipelines are calculated by using finite-element analysis and simulating a realistic welding process. The temperature and residual-stress analysis results are compared with the real fusion profile and the application results of the Fitness-For-Service assessment code, API 579 in order to validate the finite-element analysis model and procedure. Parametric study is performed to assess the effect of welding and material variables such as mechanical strength mismatch, the strength of weld metal, reinforcement, and heat input on the residual stress distributions. Finally, on the basis of the parametric study results, the effects of these variables on residual stress distributions are investigated. In particular, the strength mismatch between base metals has an insignificant effect on residual-stress distributions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.10
• /
• pp.24-35
• /
• 2017

This paper reports the results of afield appliance study of the hydraulic well method to prevent embankment seepage, the large-scale embankment experiment and seepage analysis to examine the traits of the seepage pressure. The experimental procedure was focused on the pore pressure after examining the detected value of the pore pressure gage. The inner water levels of hydraulic well were compared with the pore pressure data, which were used to inspect the seepage variations. Two different large-scale experiments were conducted according to the installation points of the hydraulic wells. The decrease in seepage pressure reached a maximum of 37% from the experimental results. The experimental pore pressure results were similar to those of the analyses. In addition, the pore pressure oriented from the water level variations of the hydraulic well showed similar patterns between the experiment and analysis, but if the hydraulic well was deeper, the analyzed water levels were larger than the experimental values.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.40 no.3
• /
• pp.245-252
• /
• 2016

In this study, an alternative bend design is proposed to overcome the aging problem in piping bends. In this design, the foam pad is not included. Finite element analysis was performed based on the total pipe diameter. From this analysis, the shape of the Shear Control Ring (SCR) was determined. Temperature, stress, and other data of the proposed reinforced pipe were acquired and analyzed after the test was performed. The value of the thermal stress for the reinforced steel pipe satisfied the required standard without the foam pad based on the manufacturing of the reinforced fitting and construction site of the test. The reinforcement provided a shear strength level for the foam pad that resulted in maximum shear stress less than stress based on the original foam pad applied at the pipe bend. Additionally, an increasing factor of safety effect for the reinforced fitting application was discovered.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 2007

The safe operation of high pressure pipe line systems is of significant importance. Leaks due to faulty operation from the pipelines can lead to considerable product losses and to exposure of community to dangerous gases. There are several leak detection methods, which have been recently suggested on pipeline network. The negative pressure wave detection technology, which has advantages of short time detection availability, accurate leaking location estimate capability and cost effective, is concentrated in this study. Theoretical analysis of the flow characteristics for leaking through a hole on the pipe wall has been performed by using CFD++, commercial CFD package. The results of 3-dimensional analysis near leaking hole confirm the occurrence of negative pressure wave and verify the characteristics of propagation of the wave which travels with speed equal to the speed of sound in the pipeline contents. For the application of long pipe line system. The method of 1-dimensional analysis has been suggested and verified with results of CFD++.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.52 no.9
• /
• pp.2092-2099
• /
• 2020

Many damages due to flow-accelerated corrosion and cracking have been observed during recent in-service inspections of nuclear power plants. To determine the operability or repair for damaged pipes, an integrity evaluation related to the damaged piping system should be performed by using already proven code and standards. One of them, the ASME Code Case is most popularly used to integrity assessment in nuclear power plants. However, the recent version of CC N-513 still recommends the simplified method which means a damaged elbow is assumed as an equivalent straight pipe. In addition, to enhance the accuracy integrity assessment in elbow, several previous studies recommend that the SIF and elastic COD values for an elbow with relatively large crack could be predicted by an interpolation technique. However, those estimates for elbow with relatively large crack might be derived to inaccurate results for crack growth analysis, such as for the allowable crack size and life estimation. Therefore, in this paper, the effect of crack length (0.3≤θ₁/π≤0.5) on SIF and elastic COD for elbow is systematically investigated. Then, for large crack in elbow, accurate estimates for SIF and elastic COD, which are widely used to assess the integrity of elbows, are proposed. Those proposed solutions are expected to be the technical basis for revisions of CC N-513-4 through the validation.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
• /
• v.34 no.10
• /
• pp.51-60
• /
• 2018

Recently, a cylindrical cut-off wall was proposed as a new technology for temporary offshore works. The cut-off wall has a cylindrical shape, so seepage analyses are necessary to analyze the effect of wall shape. In this study, a numerical analysis was performed to investigate the seepage discharge inside cut-off walls. The numerical modeling was verified by comparing with the theoretical solution for the cofferdam with double sheet piles. Two different flow conditions were compared between 2-dimensional flow and axisymmetric flow. The results showed that the discharge of the axisymmetric flow was about 1.55 times larger than that of 2-dimensional plain flow. A parametric study was carried out by varying wall radius, penetration depth of the wall, and total head difference between in and outside of the wall. The discharge decreased with the increase of the penetration depth and the wall radius. Finally, the design equations were suggested to determine the discharge for the preliminary design of the cylindrical cut-off wall.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.366-375
• /
• 1991

In this study, vibrational behavior of uniform pipe carrying a moving medium is studied by using a transfer matrix and the displacement function derived from the conventional beam theory. In various boundary conditions, flow velocity and mechanical property change of the variation of natural frequency are investigated. The Coriolis term in the original differential equation of motion has been ignored in the investigation. This method is used to study the variation of natural frequency with flow velocity for clamped-clamped, cantilevered, clamped-pinned, pinned-pinned, free-free straight pipe element. It is shown that clamped-clamped, free-free pipe have the highest natural frequency and critical velocity values while cantilevered pipe have the smallest natural frequency for the same mechanical properties. From the vibration effects of mechanical property variation, it is shown that bending stiffness and pipe length variation has large influence on natural frequency and critical velocity. Since the order of transfer matrix is not changed with boundary conditions of pipe element, this method proposed can be easily applied to personal-computer for vibration analysis of pipe element. Furthermore, this method can be extended to three-dimensional system by using a coordinate transformation for the analysis of piping systems.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.79-83
• /
• 2010

The conventional welding technique such as shield metal arc welding has been mostly applied to the piping system of the nuclear power plants. It is well known that this welding technique causes the overheating and welding defects due to the large groove angle of weld. On the other hand, the narrow gap welding(NGW) technique has many merits, for instance, the reduction of welding time, the shrinkage of weld and the small deformation of the weld due to the small groove angle and welding bead width comparing with the conventional welds. These characteristics of NGW affect the deformation behavior and the distribution of welding residual stress of NGW, thus it is believed that the residual stress results obtained from conventional welding procedure may not be applied to structural integrity evaluation of NGW. In this paper, the welding residual stress of NGW was predicted using the nonlinear finite element analysis to simulate the thermal and mechanical effects of the NGW. The present results can be used as the important information to perform the flaw evaluation and to improve the weld procedure of NGW.