• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.51 no.2
• /
• pp.149-152
• /
• 2012

The larvicidal activities of Piper nigrum fruit methanol extracts and its constituents against larvae of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, were investigated using the leaf dipping method. Administering the P. nigrum methanol extract resulted in 100 and 97% mortality against diamondback moth larvae at 5.0 and 2.5 mg/mL concentrations, respectively. Larvicidal activities of the P. nigrum fruit-derived piperidine alkaloids, piperine, and N-isobutylamide, as well as pellitorine, guineensine, pipercide, and retrofractamide A against P. xylostella varied according to test compound. Based on the 48 h $LC_{50}$ values, the most toxic compound to diamondback moth larvae was guineensine (0.013 mg/mL) followed by retrofractamide A (0.020mg/mL), pipercide (0.033mg/mL), and pellitorine (0.046 mg/mL). The $LC_{50}$ value of piperine was >0.5 mg/mL.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.31 no.5
• /
• pp.88-95
• /
• 2003

Five amide alkaloids were isolated from the fruits of Piper nigrum. The structures were determined as : pellitorin (I), quineensine (II), pipercide (III), retrofractamide A (IV), and piperine (V) respectively on the basis of spectrosopic data.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.19-24
• /
• 1987

In order to find out the pharmacologically active but less toxic compounds than piperine, the actions of several amide derivatives of 5-phenyl-2, 4-pentadienoic acid on the CNS depressant activities were examined. The nine amide derivatives were investigated by using ICR mice as an experimental amimals on acute toxicities, anticonvulsant, sedative, analgesic and antipyretic effects. In the case of acute toxicities, all derivatives were weaker than piperine except compound III. Compound I showed strong anticonvulsant activity. On the other hand, compound I, III and IV significantly prolonged the sleeping time induced by hexobarbital in mice. Compound I, III and IV exhibited better analgesic effect than aspirin while compound II, V, VII and IX showed similar antipyretic activity to aspirin.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.242-246
• /
• 2012

The use of ionizing radiation (IR) is essential for treating many human cancers. However, radioresistance markedly impairs the efficacy of tumor radiotherapy. IR enhances the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a variety of cells which are determinant components in the induction of apoptosis. Much interest has developed to augment the effect of radiation in tumors by combining it with radiosensitizers to improve the therapeutic ratio. In the current study, the radiosensitizing effects of resveratrol and piperine on cancer cells were evaluated. Cancer cell lines treated with these natural products exhibited significantly augmented IR-induced apoptosis and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, presumably through enhanced ROS generation. Applying natural products as sensitizers for IR-induced apoptotic cell death offers a promising therapeutic approach to treat cancer.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.269-276
• /
• 2009

Black pepper (family Piperaceae), is called king of spices because it is one of the oldest spice and alone accounts for about 35% of the world's total spice trade. The pepper is used in Ayurvedic medicine for the treatment of various ailments particularly neurological, broncho-pulmonary and gastrointestinal disorders. Pepper has also been reported to have various pharmacological actions but recently, it is highlighted as a bioavailability enhancer. This results in higher plasma concentration of drugs, nutrients, ions and other xenobiotics, rendering them more bioavailable for physiological as well as pharmacological actions in the body. Numerous scientific studies reported that piperine; a main bioactive compound of pepper, is responsible for its bioavailability enhancing property. It's a well known fact that pepper enhances bioavailability by inhibition of microsomal enzyme system but other mechanisms are also responsible to acts as a bioavailability enhancer. The brief overview of the mechanism of action of pepper as well as its applications as bioavailability enhancer is given in the present article.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.352-356
• /
• 2009

In this study, we evaluated black pepper seed and white pepper seed for the following compounds: piperine content was determined by HPLC, and volatile oil content was determined via the Soxhlet method in before/after heat-treated samples, and total volatile material contents were determined via the SDE(Linkens-Nikens type simultaneous steam distillation and extraction apparatus) method. As a result, differences were noted in the black and white pepper seeds according to the constituent components, growing district, and whether the species was indigenous to Indonesia or India. We concluded that the differences in taste were attributable to the differences in the volatile material contents in black and white peppers. We also assessed these three determination results, and found that they were directly correlated. The volatile oil contents were determined by the Soxhlet method, which was a rapid, simple, and accurate method. We concluded that this method should prove to be an effective determination method in the quality control of black and white peppers.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.33 no.9
• /
• pp.1497-1506
• /
• 2020

Objective: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and piperine (PIP) are both nutritional supplements with potential use in animal diets. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of GABA and/or PIP treatment on the gene expression pattern of a pig kidney epithelial cell line. Methods: LLCPK1 cells were treated with GABA, PIP, or both, and then the gene expression pattern was analyzed using microarray. Gene ontology analysis was done using GeneOntology (Geneontology.org), and validation was performed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: Gene ontology enrichment analysis was used to identify key pathway(s) of genes whose expression levels were regulated by these treatments. Microarray results showed that GABA had a positive effect on the transcription of genes related to regulation of erythrocyte differentiation and that GABA and PIP in combination had a synergistic effect on genes related to immune systems and processes. Furthermore, we found that effects of GABA and/or PIP on these selected genes were controlled by JNK/p38 MAPK pathway. Conclusion: These results can improve our understanding of mechanisms involved in the effect of GABA and/or PIP treatment on pig kidney epithelial cells. They can also help us evaluate their potential as a clinical diagnosis and treatment.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.9-13
• /
• 2004

Effective methods for extraction of hot taste component in red (capsaicin) and black (piperine) peppers and simultaneous HPLC analysis were established to estimate level of peppers used. Capsaicin and pipeline contents of red and black peppers were 48.75-87.58 and 2900-5520 mg/100 g, respectively, Contents of capsaicin and pipeline in ramen soup base were $2.47{\pm}1.49mg/100g$ and $46.20{\pm}16.10mg/100g$, and estimated levels of red and black peppers were $4.02{\pm}2.37%$ and $1.23{\pm}0.43%$, respectively, In bowl ramens contents of capsaicin and pipeline were $2.02{\pm}1.18mg/100g$ and $41.98{\pm}23.12mg/100g$, and estimated levels of red and black peppers were $3.28{\pm}1.92%$ and $1.09{\pm}0.60%$, respectively. Capsaicin and piperine contents of hot ramens were $4.83{\pm}2.69 mg/100 g$ and $69.49{\pm}20.03mg/100g$, and estimated levels of red and black peppers were $8.62{\pm}4.42%$ and $1.79{\pm}0.58%$, respectively. In bibimmen, capsaicin content was $14.29{\pm}5.72mg/100g$, and piperine was not detected, an indication that only red pepper was used as hot condiment.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.15-18
• /
• 1991

Physical and chemical qualifies of 13 kinds of pepper imported from South-East Asian countries and Brazil were investigated. These included length and weight of berry, and color of the powder, and the contents of light berry, acid insoluble ash, piperine and volatile oil. While physical qualities of Sarawak special, Sarawak brown and Indian TGEB were the best(berries were larger and weightier, and the content of light berry was lower), those of Lampong ASTA and Lampong FAQ were relatively not good. In the other hand, chemical qualifies of Lampong ASTA, Lampong FAO and Indian TGEB were the best. In terms of color, all the samples were almost similar but that of Sarawak peppers were slightly lighter than the others.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.23-25
• /
• 1998

Two samples of the fruits of Piper longum have been chemically investigated. From one sample a new alkamide, pergumidiene and from other sample two rare alkamides, brachystamide B and piperderdine have been isolated. The known compounds, piperine, piperlonguminine, pellitorine, (+)-sesamine and 3-(3', 4', 5'-trimethoxyphenyl)-propionic acid were the common constituents of both the samples.