• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2019

In a highly urbanized area, land availability is limited for the installation of space consuming stormwater systems for best management practices (BMPs), leading to the consideration of underground stormwater treatment devices connected to the stormwater pipe system. The configuration of a stormwater pipe network determines the hydrological and pollutant transport characteristics of the stormwater discharged through the pipe network, and thus should be an important design consideration for effective management of stormwater quantity and quality. This article presents a multi-objective optimization approach for designing a stormwater pipe network with on-line stormwater treatment devices to achieve an optimal trade-off between the total installation cost and the annual removal efficiency of total suspended solids (TSS). The Non-dominated Sorted Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) was adapted to solve the multi-objective optimization problem. The study site used to demonstrate the developed approach was a commercial area that has an existing pipe network with eight outfalls into an adjacent stream in Yongin City, South Korea. The stormwater management model (SWMM) was calibrated based on the data obtained from a subcatchment within the study area and was further used to simulate the flow rates and TSS discharge rates through a given pipe network for the entire study area. In the simulation, an underground stormwater treatment device was assumed to be installed at each outfall and sized proportional to the average flow rate at the outfall. The total installation cost for the pipes and underground devices was estimated based on empirical formulas using the flow rates and TSS discharge rates simulated by the SWMM. In the demonstration example, the installation cost could be reduced by up to 9% while the annual TSS removal efficiency could be increased by 4% compared to the original pipe network configuration. The annual TSS removal efficiency was relatively insensitive to the total installation cost in the Pareto-optimal solutions of the pipe network design. The results suggested that the installation cost of the pipes and stormwater treatment devices can be substantially reduced without significantly compromising the pollutant removal efficiency when the pipe network is optimally designed.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.469-478
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• 2012

This study aims to discover the optimal pipe layout for a ship, which generally needs a lot of time, efforts and experiences. Genetic algorithm was utilized to search for the optimum. Here the optimum stands for the minimum pipe length between two given points. Genetic algorithm is applied to planar pipe layout problems to confirm plausible and efficiency. Sub-programs are written to find optimal layout for the problems. Obstacles are laid in between the starting point and the terminal point. Pipe is supposed to bypass those obstacles. Optimal layout between the specified two points can be found using the genetic algorithm. Each route was searched for three case models in two-dimensional plane. In consequence of this, it discovered the optimum route with the minimized distance in three case models. Through this study, it is possible to apply optimization of ship pipe route to an actual ship using genetic algorithm.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2001년도 학술논문발표회
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• pp.52-57
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• 2001

In order to control hydration heat in mass concrete, pipe cooling method has been widely used. The pipe cooling method leads to the decrease of curing period by lagging materials as well as the decrease of temperature difference between center and surface of mass concrete member, There are two methods in the pipe cooling system, which are open loop system and closed loop system. However open loop pipe cooling system cannot be applied to the mass concrete structures when cooling water supply is difficult. To control hydration heat of high strength mass foundation in the central area of city, closed loop pipe cooling system was developed to solve the cooling water supply. This paper reports the performance results of hydration heat control with closed loop pipe cooling system.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.252-257
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• 2004

Free vibration of a semi-circular pipe conveying fluid is analyzed when the pipe is clamped at both ends. To consider the geometric non-linearity, this study adopts the Lagrange strain theory and the extensibility of the pipe. By using the extended Hamilton principle, the non-linear partial differential equations are derived, which are coupled to the in-plane and out-of\ulcornerplant: motions. To investigate the vibration characteristics of the system, the discretized equations of motion are derived from the Galerkin method. The natural frequencies are computed from the linearized equations of motion in the neighborhood of the equilibrium position. From the results. the natural frequencies for the in-plane and out-of-plane motions are vary with the flow velocity. However, no instability occurs the semi-circular pipe with both ends clamped, when taking into account the geometric non-linearity explained by the Lagrange strain theory.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제18권3E호
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• pp.161-164
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• 2006

Cellulose fiber reinforced cement(CFRC) pipe has been gradually introduced in the pipe market as a replacement of previously popular asbestos cement pipes. Since CFRC pipe is still relatively unknown in the pipe market, there are great concerns for the design and application in practice related to the time-dependent behavior of CFRC under long-term sustained loading. This paper presents an experimental investigation of the time-dependent behavior of cellulose fiber reinforced cement(CFRC) pipe. A total of six CFRC pipes were tested under various loading levels, and their vertical deformation was recorded to understand the characteristics of the time-dependent behavior. Based on the test results, a factor of safety(FS) of 1.82 is proposed, and a regression factor(R) of 1.88 is estimated for the application of CFRC pipes in practice.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.432-440
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• 2008

Korean shipbuilders are starting to use three dimensional solid CAD systems to enhance their competitiveness in design and production. Despite many merits, three dimensional CAD systems reveal some problems in pipe-line modeling. Pipe-line modeling is heavily dependent on point data in routing. However, since the models built by sweeping or skinning operations do not have data about points and lines on the surfaces, the point data for routing are currently manually calculated by considering the diameters of the pipes and alignment conditions with other pipes. This process is inefficient and prone to errors. In order to enhance the pipe modeling, this paper presents an Offset Routing Program for a three dimensional CAD system, which aids designers to easily define the start points and to generate the pipe routings using reference objects.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.26-31
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• 2021

Advanced classification of Cs contaminated soil by using a magnetic force-assisted selection pipe was investigated. A selection pipe is a device that sort particles depending on their particle size, based on the relationship between buoyancy, drag, and gravity force acting on the particles. Radioactive cesium is concentrated in small-particle size soil components with a large specific surface area. Hence, the volume of the Cs contaminated soil can be reduced by recycling the large-particle size soil components with low radioactive concentration. One of the problems of the selection pipe was that the radioactive concentration of the stayed soil in the selection pipe exceeds 8000 Bq/kg, which is the standard value of recycling of Cs contaminated soil, due to low classification accuracy. In this study, magnetic fields were applied to the lab-scale selection pipe from upper side to improve the classification accuracy and to reduce the radioactive concentration of the stayed soil.

• 태양에너지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.13-21
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• 1999

Calculation method about the water temperature variable inside hot water pipe had proposed in the past does not correspond with branch pipe system, variable of water volume, variable of entrance water temperature, using and so on. A calculation method proposed in this paper can solve above problems, and calculate the kinds variation of the water temperature inside pipe in the real use state of the hot water pipe.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.36-43
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• 2022

Generally, in construction sites, the pipe support installation workers often use support pins of 9~10 mm which are much smaller than the safety standard sizes for work convenience. Although the safety certification standard thickness of the support pins is 11 mm, and the supervisors are often indifferent to this. Hence, products with far lower performance than the pipe support safety certification value of 40,000 N, which is applied in the supporting post-structural review, are used. Accordingly, this acts as a factor causing collapse accidents in the process of pouring concrete at the construction site. Therefore, this study performed compression experiments on new and reused pipe supports to determine how the thickness of the support pins affects the structural compression performance of the pipe support by considering the thickness of the support pins as a critical variable among various factors affecting the pipe support performance. In the course of the study, the compression test of the pipe support (V2, V4) for the new products showed that only 14 (58.3%) of the total 24 samples satisfied the safety certification standard value of 40,000 N, which indicates that more thorough quality control is required in the manufacturing process. Additionally, comparing the thickness of the support pins and their fracture shape shows that the pipes with support length of 4.0 m or longer are much more affected by the buckling of the entire length than the thickness of the support pins. Of the several factors affecting the performance of reused pipe supports, it was found that, similar to the new products, the use of support pins, with thickness of 12 mm rather than 11 mm, can satisfy the safety certification value more appropriately. Therefore, regardless of the state of usage, it could be concluded that it is necessary to use 12 mm products, whose thickness is larger than that of the safety certification standard value of 11 mm, to improve the performance of the pipe supports.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제42권7호
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• pp.525-535
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 상수관망에서 개별적으로 노후도가 심하여 개량이 필요한 구간을 보다 정확하게 구분하기 위해 새로운 개별관로 정의 방법이 개발되었다. 적절한 관로 최소구성성분 길이를 결정하기 위하여 여러 가지 관로 최소구성성분 길이에 대한 평균 누적파손횟수경사선의 분산값을 비교하여 가장 큰 분산값을 나타내는 관로 최소구성성분 길이인 4 m 를 연구대상 지역의 상수관망에 적용하였으며 관로 ID는 39개로 구분되어졌다. 관로의 경제적 최적교체 시기는 한계파손율과 관로의 파손경향모형을 이용하여 결정되었는데, 각 관로 ID에 대하여 관로의 선형적 파손경향, 지수적 파손경향 또는 선형과 지수형 사이에 있는 파손경향 모두에 적용될 수 있는 General Pipe Break Prediction Model(Park and Loganathan, 2002)과 수정된 시간척도를 이용한 ROCOF(Park et al., 2007)를 적용하여 연구대상 상수관망의 최적교체시기를 산정 및 분석하였다. ROCOF 모형화 과정에서 대수-선형과 와이블 ROCOF를 적용 후 최대로그우도 추정값을 비교하여 최대로그우도가 큰 값을 가지는 ROCOF를 각 관로 ID의 ROCOF로 사용하였다. 관로파손으로 인한 사회적 비용이 관로의 최적교체시기에 미치는 영향도 분석되었다.