• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.235-244
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• 1997

The empirical factor and reaction force based on published data were involved to investigate compressible flows through sudden enlargement and sudden contraction passages. Analytical solutions of engineering interest were obtained from one-dimensional steady compressible gas dynamic equations. The effects of compressibility, cross-sectional area ratio, and inlet Mach number on the air flows were discussed with regards to the total pressure loss and flow choking. The present results provide available information necessary ta design the compressible pipe flow systems.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.11-19
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• 1993

The experimental study was carried out to investigate the stability and the performance characteristics of the aero-valved pulsating combustion system with maximum operating capacity of 60KW. The effect of geometry of combustion system on the stable condition, the flammability limit, the total pressure oscillation amplitude, and the operating frequency can be identified, and the maximum turn-down-ratio is obtained up to 3.3. The total pressure oscillation amplitude can be controlled by tunning the length of the air inlet pipe. The empirical equation with which the operating frequency can be approximated is proposed and the discrepancy is within 5%. The volumetric efficiency is identified to be one of the important parameters determining the upper flammability limit and the maximum value of which is approximately 22%.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.165-171
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• 2006

An experiment to observe reduction of pressure fluctuation in the compressing system utilizing snubber has done. The experiment measured pressure at inlet and outlet of snubber. It used an air compressor as a model of hydrogen one. Snubber with buffer and snubber without buffer were used to get comprehensive comparison between both of that snubber. An analysis by using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method was conducted to verify working pressure frequency. With this method pure signal of static pressure was filtered from noisy signal. The experiment was run for several speeds of piston movement. It was controlled by adjustable frequency regulator that controled rotation of actuator motor. This was connected to the piston-reciprocating compressor with V-belt. From result obtained, the fluctuation was increasing proportionally when frequency of driver motor was increased.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2009.07a
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• pp.1070_1071
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• 2009

Recently, small hydropower attracts attention because of its clean, renewable and abundant energy resources to develop. Therefore, a cross-flow hydraulic turbine is proposed for small hydropower development in this study. The turbine‘s simple structure and high possibility of applying to the sites of relatively low effective head and large flow rate can be advantages for the introduction of the small hydropower development. The purpose of this study is not only to investigate the effects of air layer in the turbine chamber on the performance and internal flow of the cross-flow turbine, but also to suggest a newly developed air supply method. CFD analysis for the performance and internal flow of the turbine is conducted by an unsteady state calculation using a two-phase flow model in order to embody the air layer effect on the turbine performance effectively. The result shows that air layer effect on the performance of the turbine is considerable. The air layer located in the turbine runner passage plays the role of preventing a shock loss in the runner axis and suppressing a recirculation flow in the runner. The location of air suction hole on the chamber wall is very important factor for the performance improvement. Moreover, the ratio between air from suction pipe and water from turbine inlet is also significant factor of the turbine performance.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.41 no.10
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• pp.649-657
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• 2017

A rupture in a high-pressure pipe causes the fluid in the pipe to be discharged in the atmosphere at a high speed resulting in a supersonic jet that generates the compressible flow. This supersonic jet may display complicated and unsteady behavior in general. In this study, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis was performed to investigate the compressible flow generated by a supersonic jet ejected from a high-pressure pipe. A Shear Stress Transport (SST) turbulence model was selected to analyze the unsteady nature of the flow, which depends upon the various gases as well as the diameter of the pipe. In the CFD analysis, the basic boundary conditions were assumed to be as follows: pipe of diameter 10 cm, jet pressure ratio of 5, and an inlet gas temperature of 300 K. During the analysis, the behavior of the shockwave generated by a supersonic jet was observed and it was found that the blast wave was generated indirectly. The pressure wave characteristics of hydrogen gas, which possesses the smallest molecular mass, showed the shortest distance to the safety zone. There were no significant difference observed for nitrogen gas, air, and oxygen gas, which have similar molecular mass. In addition, an increase in the diameter of the pipe resulted in the ejected impact caused by the increased flow rate to become larger and the zone of jet influence to extend further.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.328-337
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• 1988

Experimental study was carried out to investigate the combustion characteristics of the hero-valved pulsating combustor with maximum operating capacity of 56kW. The pressure, the ion current, and the temperature fluctuations were simultaneously measured and statistically analyzed to identify the combustion process, the reignition and the mixing process of the reactants. It was found that the pulse combustion process was intermittent and the reignition of the reactants was caused by a direct contact and rapid mixing with the previous hot residuals. The analysis of the measured data indicated that the combustion process consisted of there stages in the combustion chamber; the preheating of the reactants in the vicinity of the air inlet pipe, the explosive combustion in the central region and the afterburning in the vicinity of the tailpipe. Wile the inflow of the fresh air occurred during the negative period of the pressure in the mechanical valved system, it occurred during the rising period of the pressure in the aero-valved system.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1520-1532
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• 2003

An experiment was performed to obtain the local heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number in a circular duct with a 180$^{\circ}$ bend for Re=6 x 10$^4$, 8 x 10$^4$ and 1 x 10$\^$5/ under swirling flow and non-swirling flow conditions. The test tube with a circular section was made from stainless steel having a curvature ration of 9.4. Current heat flux of 5.11 kW/㎡ was applied to the test tube by electrical power and the swirling motion of air was produced by a tangential inlet to the pipe axis at 180$^{\circ}$. Measurements of local wall temperatures and the bulk mean temperatures of air were made at four circumferential positions at 16 stations. The wall temperatures showed a reduced distribution curve at the bend for the non-swirling flow, but this effect did not appear for the swirling flow. The Nusselt number distributions for the swirling flow, which was calculated from the measured wall and the bulk temperatures, were higher than that of the non-swirling flow. The average Nusselt number of the swirling flow increased by about 90-100%, compared to that of the non-swirling flow. The Nu/Nu$\_$DB/ values at the 90$^{\circ}$ station for non-swirling flow and swirling flow were approximately 2.5 and 4.8 at Re=6x10$^4$ respectively. The values agree well with Said's results for non-swirling flow.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.142-149
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• 2004

Recently, the government introduced the thermal storage system for reducing the electric power load. Especially, the ice slurry type has gained lots of interest due to its good heat transfer and flowing characteristics. This study was peformed to understand the effects of transporting ice slurry through elbows of various angle. Propylene glycol water solution was used and about 2 mm ice particles were circulated. The experiments were carried out under various conditions, such as concentration and velocity of water solution ranging between 0∼20 wt％, 1.5∼2.5 m/s, respectively. And elbows with 4 different angles of 30$^{\circ}$, 45$^{\circ}$, 90$^{\circ}$, 180$^{\circ}$. The differential pressure and IPF (ice packing factor) between the pipe entry and exit were measured. The tendency of pressure loss and outlet IPF in elbow is that the pressure loss was reduced as concentration and flow velocity of water solution is increased, and low value appeared at 10 wt％ and 2.5 m/s. The variation of outlet IPF was compared with the inlet IPF in the range of $\pm$20％.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.311-318
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• 1992

During mid-loop operation of Nuclear Power Plant, to prevent the Decay Heat Removal System (DHRS) from failure due to air entrainment of free surface vortex in the piping system, a set of simulating experiments was performed. Through these experiments, a relation between the non-dimensionalized numbers, such as H/d, Froude number, Reynolds number, was found. It was also found that the perturbation of the system by the disturbance such as pump start, valve operation, etc., has a strong effect on the free surface vortex. Furthermore, from viewpoint of reactor safety, a modified inlet device which is reducer type is strongly recommended for the prevention of air entrainment into DHRS.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.60 no.6
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• pp.460-472
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• 2023

This study was conducted based on the case of an accident (excessive deformation) that occurred during the hydraulic test of a shipboard tank manufactured in accordance with the design regulations. Over-pressure phenomenon was noted as the main cause of accidents in the process of testing tanks without physical damage, which can be found in external factors such as cross-sectional difference between inlet pipe and air pipe and higher water filling rate than the recommended one. The main goal of this paper is to establish a safe water filling rate according to the range of sectional area ratio(SAR) reduced below the regulations for each test situation. The simulation was conducted in accordance with the hydraulic test procedure specified in the Ship Safety Act, and the main situation was divided into two types: filling the tank with water and increasing the water head to the test pressure. The structural safety evaluation of the pressure generated inside the tank and the effect on the structure during the test was reviewed according to the SAR range. Based on the results, guidelines for the optimal filling rate applicable according to SAR during the hydraulic test were presented for the shipboard tanks used in this study.