• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.51-56
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• 1989

This study was carried out to obtain basic information elucidating relationship meteorological elements and yield of Tricholoma matsutake. The yields of pine mushroom in seven areas including Yangyang-gun more than 30,000 kg. Pine mushrooms were generally distributed in the red pine (Pinus densiflora) forests of East-Coast Region, Sobaek and Taebaek-Mountainous Regions, Yeongnam-Central Region and North-Central Region of Korea. Yields of pine mushroom were significant correlation with precipitation during April-October in last years, average minima temperature during July-September, rainy days during Aug. 21-Sep. 10 and precipitation during Sep. 11-30, etc. Air and soil temperature during pine mushroom yield period were 15-25 and $15-20^{\circ}C$, respectively. The first collection date of pine mushroom could be predicted by measuring the soil temperature at 5 cm depth.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.56-59
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• 2010

Pine-Mushroom(Trichroma matsutake) Bidding System was faced with a difficult question. Both producers and consumers are required to meet improvement. Classification system has been improved with the digital system. Standard uncertainty is likely to be clearly established.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.188-194
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• 2007

The relationships between pine mushroom emergence and meteorological factors were analyzed with three years (from 2003 to 2005) of measurement data at Yangyang site, in order to evaluate the effect of micrometeorological environment on pine mushroom production. fine mushroom was daily monitored and collected in the survey area during the its producing period (approximately one month). Pine mushroom production was highest in 2005 with the meteorological conditions of high temperature and frequent rainfalls in October. The production was lowest in 2004 due to dry conditions from mid September to late October, The meterological factors related to humidity (i.e., relative humidity, soil water content, and precipitation) were better correlated than those related to temperature (i.e., air and soil temperature, soil heat flux and solar radiation) with pine mushroom production. However, all of the correlation coefficients were statistically insignificant with values ranging from 0.15 to 0.46. Such poor correlations may be attributed to various other environmental conditions (e.g., topography, soil, vegetation, other fungi, the relationship between pine mushroom and pine forest) affecting pine mushroom production. We found that a mycelium requires a stimulation of low temperature (of three-day moving average) below $19.5^{\circ}C$, in order to farm a mushroom primordium which grows to pine mushroom after 16 days from the stimulation. We also found that the pine mushroom production ended when the soil temperature (of three-day moving average) fell below $14.0^{\circ}C$.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.201-209
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• 2007

The CFDA (6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate) direct viable count method and plate count (PC) method using conventional nutrient broth (NB) medium and $10^{-2}$ diluted NB (DNB) medium were applied to samples collected from Mt. Yongdoo In Andong, in an effect to determine the number of living bacteria pine mushroom forest soil. The number of living bacteria determined via plate count in NB medium comprised $5{\sim}8%$ of the CFDA direct viable count, and the bacteria in the DNB medium comprised $40{\sim}47%$. This result indicated that viable but nonculturable (VBNC) bacteria existed in the pine mushroom forest soil at a high percentage. The phylogenetic characteristics of the VBNC bacterial populations in the samples of pine mushroom (Tricholoma matsutake) forest soil were analyzed via the direct extraction of DNA and 16S rDNA-ARDRA. The 115 clones from pine mushroom forest soil were clustered into 31 different RFLP phylotypes by ARDRA. Based on the 16S rDNA sequences, the 31 ARDRA clusters were classified into 6 phylogenetic groups: ${\alpha}-,\;{\beta}-,\;{\gamma}-Proteobacteria$, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. Among these bacterial populations, approximately 85% were classified as members of phylum Acidobacteria. The Acidobacteria phylum was shown to exist abundantly in the pine mushroom forest soil.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.45 no.2 s.143
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• pp.153-159
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• 2006

The pine mushroom fruit body have a harvest only from natural pine forest instead of artificial culture like other edible mushrooms until now on. We investigated the interrelationship between pine mushroom colonies and insect/invertebrates fauna, and changes of their seasonal populations. Two famous pine mushroom producing district were selected on Bong-wha and Gan-sung Eup, and were surveyed on the ground and in the soil with/without pine mushroom hyphae per month from June to November, 2005. There was some difference in collected Insects and invertebrates between two producing districts. Total number of collected species and individuals were 73 and 22, and 63 individuals with 19 species in Bon-wha and Gan-sung area, respectively. Otherwise, there were many mites and nematodes were living in soil with mushroom hyphae. The population densities of mites were Increased to November from June, however, the population of nematodes were fluctuated with low in hot weather and high in cool.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.555-560
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• 2009

Pine mushroom (Tricholoma matsutake Sing.) is an expensive and highly prized delicacy in Korean and Japanese cuisines with its unique flavor and functional properties. The pine mushroom juice (PMJ) was investigated for its antioxidant and anti-tumor activities with ABTS radical scavenging method and MTT assay. The phenolic contents in pine mushroom juice ranged from 1.19 to 54.99 GAEs mg/100 mL at the concentrations of $1{\sim}50\;mg/mL$. The ABTS radical scavenging activities of pine mushroom juice were 7.0%, 81.7% and 91.8% at the concentrations of 1, 10 and 50 mg/mL, respectively. The $IC_{50}$ values of pine mushroom juice were 605.9, 788.4, 583.6 and $232.5{\mu}g/mL$ on the cytotoxicities against AGS, HeLa, HepG2 and HT-29, respectively, and PMJ showed the strongest growth inhibitory activity against HT-29 cell. These results suggested therapeutic potential for pine mushroom juice as an anti-oxidant and anti-tumor agent.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.72 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1986

This study was carried out to classify the arthropods inhabited in pine mushroom (Tricholoma matsutake Singer). The arthropods were collected in a state forest (196 compartment, 157ha) located in Yangyang-gun, Kangwon-do. After collection the arthropods were classified in laboratory. The results obtained are summarized as follow; 1. Insects inhabited in pine mushroom are in total 19 Families of 7 Orders. Some animals in Araneina, Acarina, Nematoda and Stylommatophora were also observed, 2. The most injurious pests are Gyrophaena niponensis, Elateridae, Deosophilidae and Philomycidae (Stylommatophora). 3. The most dominant species is Gyrophaena niponensis (Staphylinidae, Coleoptera). 4. Some possible natural enemies are Oxyporus germanus, Sphedanolestes impressicollis, Phoridae, Carabidae, Pteromalidae, Eulophidae and Araneina.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.296-300
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• 1998

When medicinal mushroom, Poria cocos, is cultured , inoculation method of spawn is cross slice inoculation of which the both sides of pine tree were peeled and spawn of P.cocos was inoculated. However, this method required lots of inoculation amount. This study was carried out to improve the culturing method of P. cocos. A good growth of P.cocos was observed in MCM(mushroom complete medium), showing proper mycelia growth and density. In inoculation amount, conventional method(cross slice inoculation) requires 20 bottles of spawn. In contrast, short log method required 8 bottles of spawn and drilling inoculation method 2~3 bottles, which could save by 60% and 85-90% respectively. In the selectrion of tree species, pine and larch had better condition for spawn culture and sclerotia formation condition.In terms of yield , pine was 33.7kg/3.3$m^2$. In the yield of pine, conventional method was 23.4kg/3.3$m^2$, drilling inoculation 29.4kg/3.3$m^2$, short log inoculation 31.7kg/3.3$m^2$, therefore drilling inoculation could increase by 25% and short log inoculation 35%, In addition, management cost was also saved.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.94 no.5 s.162
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• pp.330-333
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• 2005

The relationship between the contents of methyl trans-cinnamate and the ratio of DP/DS (diameter of pileus / diameter of stalk) in the fruit-body of Tricholoma matsutake during its development was investigated. The stages of development were divided as follows: stage A is less than 1, stage B is from 1 to less than 2, stage C is from 2 to less than 3, and stage D is more than 3 of the values of DP/DS. The contents of methyl trans-cinnamate in pileus and stalk of pine mushroom ranged from $77{\mu}g/g$ to $824{\mu}g/g$ and from $7.6{\mu}g/g$ to $22.4{\mu}g/g$, respectively during its development. In the part of pileus, there is no relevance of the methyl trans-cinnamate content of pine mushroom between the stage A and B, but there was significantly different among the stage of B, C and D. In the case of stalk, the relevance of the methyl trans-cinnamate content of pine mushroom between stage D and other stages showed a low difference. In addition, as pileus of pine mushroom developed the level of the aroma compound increased as well and showed higher correlation relationship ($r^2=0.877$) between the contents of methyl trans-cinnamate in the pileus and the ratio of DP/DS. From the results of this study, we can conclude that the aromatic component of pine mushroom can be deduced from the value of DP/DS, which indicates the stage of the development appearance.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.30-32
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• 1981