• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2008

Objectives As children are physiologically and pathologically sensitive and likely to have trouble developing respiratory and the digestive system, it is necessary for them to improve and adapt to their digestive and respiratory capacity slowly. Although they desperately need to practice Healthcare Qi Gong as they get older, few studies have been conducted about that. While collecting materials on child Healthcare Qi Gong, In order to study more about Dan Dong Ten Lessons, medical researchers and children's parent should be more concerned to these studies. The purpose of this study was to understand Dan Dong Ten Lessons through research on children's healthcare Qi Gong. Methods This study was prepared through collecting data from past oriental medicine studies. Through the examination of Chinese medicine books and scientific studies about Dan Dong Ten Lessons and healthcare Qi Gong, Dan Dong Ten Lessons was classified and systemized. Results Dan Dong Exercise among the contents of children's healthcare Qi Gong was classified through the classification and theorization of Dan Dong Ten Lessons, although the classification and development of children's Qi Gong methods should have been carried out in the area of korean medicine, but it was not easy to find the references. Conclusions Dan Dong Ten Lessons is a song and Qi Gong therapy for children. It also teaches children how to live their life, guides them in the right direction for their life. Therefore, it should be developed academically and practically, so that it can pass down to the next generation as traditional heritage.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.105-110
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• 1996

Mugwort has been known as a traditional substitutive foodstuff and as showing a physiologically beneficial function to a human being. Therefore, effect of mugwort extract in terms of mutagenicity and desmutagenicity was investigated to berify its function. Ethanol extract from mugwort did not exhibit any mutagenicity. On the contrary, inhibitory effects of the ethanol extract were observed on mutagenicity induced by aflatoxin $B_{1}(AFB_1)$, 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole(Trp-P-1), 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole(Trp-P-2) and 2-nitroflourene(2NF) using Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay. On direct-acting mutagen(2NF, 3${\mu}$g/plate), ethanol extract showed a slight inhibitory effect of 19.7~22.9%, however on indirect-acting mutagen such as AFB1(2${\mu}$g/plate), Trp-P-1(1${\mu}$g/plate) and Trp-P-2(1${\mu}$g/plate), we observed higher inhibitory effect of 47.9~61.2%, 64.1~70.7%, 67.4~78.7%, respectively. Step-wise fractionation of the ethanol extract was done by using hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and water to obtain effective fraction. Among them, hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate fractions showed high inhibition of 63.0~80.0%, 77.5~82.1%, and 68.5~83.1%, respectively on the mutagenicity of $AFB_1$ in Sal. typhimurium TA98. Consequently, these results indicated that mugwort extract contains some compound(s) which may show desmutagenicity.

• BMB Reports
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.245-246
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• 2016

The level and activity of critical regulatory proteins in cells are tightly controlled by several tiers of post-translational modifications. HIF-1α is maintained at low levels under normoxia conditions by the collaboration between PHD proteins and the VHL-containing E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. We recently identified a new physiologically relevant mechanism that regulates HIF-1α stability in the nucleus in response to cellular oxygen levels. This mechanism is based on the collaboration between the SET7/9 methyltransferase and the LSD1 demethylase. SET7/9 adds a methyl group to HIF-1α, which triggers degradation of the protein by the ubiquitin-proteasome system, whereas LSD1 removes the methyl group, leading to stabilization of HIF-1α under hypoxia conditions. In cells from knock-in mice with a mutation preventing HIF-1α methylation (Hif1α^KA/KA), HIF-1α levels were increased in both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Hif1α^KA/KA knock-in mice displayed increased hematological parameters, such as red blood cell count and hemoglobin concentration. They also displayed pathological phenotypes; retinal and tumor-associated angiogenesis as well as tumor growth were increased in Hif1α^KA/KA knock-in mice. Certain human cancer cells exhibit mutations that cause defects in HIF-1α methylation. In summary, this newly identified methylation-based regulation of HIF-1α stability constitutes another layer of regulation that is independent of previously identified mechanisms.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.5-18
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• 2014

This study examines the changes in the physicochemical property and antioxidant activity of six types of vegetables (carrots, crown daisy, mugwort, cabbages, onions, and garlic) based on heat-treated cooking. According to the results, proximate contents (crude protein, fat, and ash) were lower in blanched samples than in untreated samples. Untreated cabbages showed the highest level of total dietary fiber content, which decreased by blanching and increased by high-temperature/high-pressure (HTHP) treatment. Noteworthy is that, in the case of soluble dietary fiber, blanched crown daisy and mugwort showed significantly high levels of 12.0 g and 7.3 g per 100 g(dry basis). There was no significant change in tocopherol content in heat-treated samples. The highest levels of total polyphenol and flavonoid content were 6.73 g and 5.51 g per 100 g, respectively, in the mugwort sample with HTHP treatment at $130^{\circ}C$ for 2 h. The water extract of mugwort with HTHP treatment had the strongest antioxidant effect based on three bioassays (SOD, DPPH, and ABTS). These results indicate the relative correlation between the level of physiologically active content and antioxidant activity and suggest new insights into ingredients for developing functional foods.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 2017

Background: Median F-wave latencies are physiologically shorter than ulnar latencies, but they are often longer relative to ulnar latencies in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). This study aimed to investigate the value of absolute F-waves and relative latency changes compared to ulnar latencies in the diagnosis of CTS. Methods: F-wave latencies of median and ulnar nerves in 339 hands from 339 patients with CTS and 60 hands from 60 control subjects were investigated. Mean F-wave minimal latencies of median and ulnar nerves were compared between groups. Patients were further divided into subgroups based on Canterbury grading and then analyzed using F-wave latency differences (FWLD) and F-wave ratio (FWR). Results: Of 339 hands in the CTS group, 236 hands exhibited F-wave inversion based on the FWLD criterion and 277 hands had F-wave inversion based on the FWR criterion. F-wave inversion had a sensitivity of 81.7% using the FWR criterion to diagnose CTS. The mean FWLD and FWR were significantly greater in all patient subgroups compared to the control group (p < 0.001). In addition, mean FWLD and FWR showed significant correlations (r = -0.683 and r = 0.674, respectively, p < 0.001) with disease severity. Conclusions: F-wave studies are effective supplementary diagnostic tools comparing to other standard electrophysiologic criteria for screening patients with CTS.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.27.1-27.6
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• 2019

Background: In order to assess the high value-added use of the alginate-free residue of sea tangle, an animal study was performed to evaluate the functional activities and key compounds present. In the animal study, sea tangle and the alginate-free residue demonstrated good anti-hyperlipidemic and anti-arteriosclerotic abilities. Results: The functional compounds in the alginate-free residue of the sea tangle were effectively extracted by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). The optimum extraction temperature and pressure were 40 ℃ and 6500 psi (M1) in the SFE, a better method in comparison to the conditions of 70 ℃ and 4500 psi (M2), respectively. The anti-atherosclerotic effects of the alginate-free residue of sea tangle (M1, M2) were investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats treated with poloxamer 407, Triton WR 1339, corn oil, and a high-fat diet. The M1 fraction reduced the serum lipid levels with greater efficacy than the M2 fraction. In the hyperlipidemic rats, treatment with M1 decreased the serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels when compared to the levels in normal rats. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that the alginate-free residue of sea tangle reduces serum TC, TG, and LDL-C. These results suggest that the alginate-free residue of sea tangle contains physiologically active components, such as fucosterol, that may exert beneficial effects in the prevention of atherosclerosis.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.131-142
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• 2003

We have studied mutant forms of Kir2.1 in which an aspartate residue (D172), important for gating by intracellular polyamines, is replaced by one of three basic residues (Arg, Lys or His). Such channels are highly selective for $K^+$, but show inward rectification that is a shallow function of voltage compared with that found in wild type. This inward rectification occurs with a reduced affinity for spermine and persists in the absence of polyamines. Though the unitary current-voltage relation shows some inward rectification, it is insufficient to account for that seen under whole cell recording. Channels open and shut under single channel recording, and changes of $P_{open}$ appear to generate inward rectification. In D172H, the reduction in affinity for spermine is greater when His is protonated at low $pH_i$. The effective valency for spermine is reduced from $3.09{\pm}0.07$ in wild type to $1.95{\pm}0.09$ in D172H at $pH_i$ 6.3. In the presence of dual mutants of Kir2.1, where E224 is also replaced, spermine affinity becomes undetectable. However, channels still show inward rectification and open and shut under hyper- and depolarisation, respectively. We suggest that Kir2.1 channel are able to undergo conformation changes; these changes may be important physiologically in generating inward rectification, the normal parameters of which are set by the binding of polyamines such as spermine.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.325-329
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• 2014

Background Liposuction is a procedure to reduce the volume of subcutaneous fat by physical force. Intracellular storage fat is composed of triglyceride, whereas circulating fat particles exist as cholesterol or triglycerol bound to carrier proteins. It is unavoidable that the storage form of fat particles enters the circulation system after these particles are physiologically destroyed. To date, however, no studies have clarified the fatal characteristics of fat embolism that occurs after the subclinical phase of free fat particles. Methods A mixture of human lipoaspirate and normal saline (1:100, 0.2 mL) was injected into the external jugular vein of rats, weighing 200 g on average. Biopsy specimens of the lung and kidney were examined at 12-hour intervals until postoperative 72 hours. The deposit location and transport of the injected free fat particles were confirmed histologically by an Oil Red O stain. Results Inconsistent with previous reports, free fat particles were transported from the intravascular space to the parenchyma. At 24 hours after infusion, free fat particles deposited in the vascular lumen were confirmed on the Oil Red O stain. At 72 hours after infusion, free fat particles were accumulated compactly within the parenchymal space near the perivascular area. Conclusions Many surgeons are aware of the fatal results and undiscovered pathophysiologic mechanisms of free fat particles. Our results indicate that free fat particles, the storage form of fat that has been degraded through a physiological process, might be removed through a direct transport mechanism and phagocytotic uptake.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.28-38
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• 2004

This study presents the result of uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of a pharmacokinetic model which describes the distribution and removal of benzene at each organ when an indivisual inhales indoor contaminated air with benzene originated from groundwater. The pharmacokinetic model simulates the distribution of benzene deposited in organs of human body through inhalation of contaminated indoor air as well as degradation-metabolism in liver. This study focused on the uncertainty problem induced from the use of the single values for blood flow, partition coefficient, degradation constant, volume, etc. of each organ which was due to a lack of knowledge about these parameters or their measurements. To solve this problem, uncertainty analysis on the pharmacokinetic model was conducted simultaneously which would help understanding the risk assessment associated with VOCs.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2010

The multiple functions of mushrooms are production of antibiotics, fodder for animal stock, organic fertilizers, food nutrients, favorite food, physiologically active materials, and decomposing organic matters, and cleaning environmental pollutants. Of these first three functions were evaluated. The value of the muti-functions of mushrooms were estimated to be 112 trillion 922 one hundred million Won, and if non-evaluated ones added the estimation would be doubled. This value is similar to multi-functions value of rice, 100 trillion Won. Especially, the industrial value of antibiotics from B-glucans is estimated to be 112 trillion Won, while animal stock fodder value is 618 one hundred million Won, organic fertilizer 56 one hundred million Won and decomposer of ecology 360 one hundred million Won.