• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.143-149
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• 2012

Armillaria spp are well known as a symbiotic fungus with Gastrodia elata. This study was carried out to identify and analyze the genetic relationships among 83 strains of Armillaria spp.. The amplified internal transcribed spacer(ITS) region of the rDNA was about 500~750 bp long and identified by 9 strains; A. mellea, A. tabescens, A. ostoyae, A. gallica, A. novae-zenlandia, A. cepistipes, A. nabsnona, A. gemina, A. sinapina. Sequence analysis showed that 52% of strains were different with original identification. A. gallica, A. cepistipes and A. gemina were so close phylogenetic relationship, that was difficult to classify using ITS region. In A. gallica, 12 strains including ASI10104 were showed a close phylogenetic relationship with A. gallica, A. cepistipes and A. gemina. ASI10017 and ASI10114 were classified as the A. sinapina group, ASI10045 was the A. borealis group, ASI10002 and ASI10025 were the A. ostoyae group. So more studies need for more accurate identification and determine the phylogenetic relationships of Armillaria spp.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.107-115
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• 2004

To develop universal primers for phylogenetic analysis and species-specific marker for breeding program of kiwifruit, eighteens primers were designed from kiwifruit genome-specific repeat sequences. Seven species including twenty two varieties collected from native eastern Asia were examined using 18 to 22 mer kiwifruit target(KT) primers. among eighteen primers, we selected seven primers for phylogenetic relationship. The genus Actinidia was divided into two large groups; group I,A. arguta, A. melanandra, A. kolomikta, and A. marcrosperma, characterized by the non-hair in fruits and loaves or a few pubescences only in young stage, which belongs to the section Leiocarpae, and group II, A. chinensis, A. deliciosa, and A. eriantha, characterized by a lot of hairs only in young fruit stage and with a lot of hairs or fuzzes in leaves and branches, which belongs to the section Stellatae. Group II especially belongs to the series Perfectae of the section Stellatae and was divided into two subgroups; subgroup I containing A. chinensis and A. deliciosa, and subgroup II containing A. eriantha. In contrast, the two species, A. chinensis and A. deliciosa, which are known to have common parents, were divided into two independent subgroups with 80％ of a similarity value. On the other hand, we selected KT6F for variety specific bands, KT12E primers for 'Hayward' and 'Tomuri'. KT7F or KT12F primers were useful for analysis of inheritance pattern in kiwifruit cross-breeding. We suggest that these primers will be a powerful tool for elucidating phylogenetic relationship and selection of novelty kiwifruit in a breeding program.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.82-93
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• 2004

Phylogenetic relationships among species in Araliaceae were analyzed using PCR-RAPD and sequence of ITS region of nuclear ribosomal DNA based on samples collected in Korea. RAPD analysis showed various polymorphic bands which were able to differentiate species and genus, and specific bands showing variations among individuals within species. Cluster analysis using gel images revealed high molecular variability within species of Aralia eleta. No significant variation was found among cultivated species of Panax ginseng, but they showed high genetic differences with wild type of the species. In ITS analysis, specific sequences for each genus and species were observed and these were allowed to differentiate species and genus. Phylogenetic analysis using ITS sequences showed that Acanthopanax and Kalopanax had a close relationship, and Aralia and Panax are monophyletic, but genus Hedera is different species from other species in family Araliaceae in this study. The results showing close relationship between genera Aralia and Panax were also observed in RAPD analysis. Contrary to the results of RAPD analysis of Panax ginseng, sequence analysis of ITS showed no significant difference between wild mountain ginseng and cultivated species of P. ginseng. Also, both RAPD and ITS analysis of P. ginseng showed no significant genetic variability among cultivation sites. Results indicate that P. ginseng cultivating in Korea is monophyletic. The molecular analysis used in this study agreed on classification using morphological feature. These results suggest that molecular techniques used in this study could be useful for phylogenetic analysis of Araliaceae.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.1071-1074
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• 2005

Microsatellite polymorphism and their genetic relationships were estimated using genotype information of 183 dogs from 11 microsatellite loci. The breeds include the indigenous Korean breeds Jindo dog (30), Poongsan dog (20) and Miryang dog (44) together with Chihauhau dog (31) and German Shepherd dog (58). Jindo dogs showed the highest expected heterozygosity (0.796${\pm}$0.030) and polymorphic information contents (0.755) in all populations. The phylogenetic analysis showed the existence of two distinct clusters supported by high bootstrap values: the Korean native dogs and other dogs. They clearly show that Poongsan dog and Miryang dog are closely related to each other when compared with Jindo dog. Microsatellite polymorphism data was shown to be useful for estimating the genetic relationship between Korean native dogs and other dog breeds, and also can be applied for parentage testing in those dog breeds.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.47-54
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• 2010

Objectives : The original plant species of Schisandrae Fructus (O-mi-ja) is prescribed as Schisandra chinensis $B_{AILL.}$, in Korea, but S. chinensis $B_{AILL.}$ and S. sphenanthera $R_{EHD.}$ et $W_{ILS.}$ in China. Moreover, fruit of several other species in genus Schisandra also have been used as the same herbal medicines. To develop a reliable method for correct identification of Schisandrae Fructus and to evaluate the phylogenetic relationship of S. chinensis and its related species, we analyzed internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA). Methods : Twenty-four plant samples of three Schisandra species and one Kadsura species, S. chinensis $B_{AILL.}$, S. spenanthera $R_{EHD.}$ et $W_{ILS.}$, S. nigra $M_{ax.}$ and Kadsura japonica $D_{UNAL}$ were collected from each different native habitate and farm in Korea and China. The nrDNA-ITS region of each samples were amplified using ITS1 and ITS4 primer and nucleotide sequences were determined after sub-cloning into the pGEM-Teasy vector. Authentic marker nucleotides were estimated by the analysis of ClastalW based on the entire nrDNA-ITS sequence. Results : In comparative analysis of the nrDNA-ITS sequences, we found specific nucleotide sequences including indels (insertions and deletions) and substitutions to distinguish C. chinensis, S. spenanthera, S. nigra, and K. japonica. These sequence differences at corresponding positions are avaliable nucleotide markers to determine the botanical origin of O-mi-ja. Moreover, we evaluated the phylogenetic relationship of four plant species by the analysis of nrDNA-ITS sequences. Conclusions : These marker nucleotides would be useful to identify the official herbal medicines by the providing of definitive information that can identify each plant species and distinguish it from unauthentic adulterants for O-mi-ja.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.81-86
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• 1969

In present paper, the morphological characters in perfect stage of Microsphaera polygoni(DC.) Sawada on Robinia pseudoacasia were investigated and the phylogenetic relationship between Gen. Erysiphe and Microsphaera was discussed with variation of appendages. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The perithecia of the powdery mildew fungus on Robinia pseudoacasia were rarely formed on the surface of the leaves just before difoliation in late autumn and their forming period was very short. 2. Powdery mildew fungus on R. pseudoacasia was identified as Microsphaera polygoni(DC.) Sawada in Korea. 3. Appendage of the fungus are both Erysiphe and Microsphaera types in shape, and plenty of intercalary types are intervened between both types. Number of perithecia bearing upper various appendages appears the normal distribution with both poles of typical Erysiphe and Microsphaera types 4. If Blumer's theory on the phylogenetic relationship of Erysiphaceae is right, variation of the appendages of the fungus might be evolved from Gen. Erysiphe to Gen. Microsphaera.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.306-317
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• 2015

This study was conducted to address the taxonomic status of the Korean endemic species Saxifraga octopetala, which is sometimes considered conspecific to Micranthes manchuriensis. Extensive molecular phylogenetic analysis using nrITS sequences as well as morphological examination of type specimens of the two species were undertaken to ascertain the phylogenetic position and species delimitation of S. octopetala. In the resulting nrITS trees, a total of 65 accessions representing S. octopetala grouped together and nested within the Micranthes clade, exhibiting a close relationship with M. nelsoniana and M. manchuriensis. Multiple accessions of M. manchuriensis collected from China and Russia also formed a clade, showing a sister group relationship with M. nelsoniana var. pacifica and M. fusca. The ambiguous species entity of S. octopetala is thought to have originated from Nakai's misinterpretation of Wilford's collection (type specimens of M. manchuriensis), which is a complex collection including an inflorescence of M. nelsoniana. In spite of apparent morphological similarity between S. octopetala and M. manchuriensis, they differ in the presence and absence of underground stolons. The distinct position of S. octopetala within the Micranthes clade on the nrITS tree suggests that it should retain species status in Micranthes. Thus a new combination (Micranthes octopetala) is proposed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Entomolohy Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.132-132
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• 2001

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Sericultural Science Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.40-40
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• 2001

no Abstract, See Full Text

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.485-495
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• 1995

A cladistic analysis is conducted to establish the phylogenetic relationship of the 6 genera in the Errhomenini , and 2 monophyletic groups are represented as the result.