• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.33
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• pp.193-239
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• 2013

A photograph, which was applied to contemporary art, plays a very important role in the whole of the multiplied and diversified contemporary arts today. The application of photos, which were shown in contemporary art following the 1950s, can be classified into five types according to role and function of a photo in the process of developing a work. However, this classification is shown a little ambiguously. That is because photos of being utilized by artists are indicated very diversely depending on their artistic strategy and situation. As the first type, a few painters utilize a photo as mirror of reality in order to materialize a challenging and revolutionary idea with going against traditional picture in their pictorial practice. As the second classification, especially American painters utilize a photo as material component of forming their picture like photo-montage or collage. The combined application of this medium is first doing genre de-construction and hybridization of post-modernism in the 1980s while ultimately aiming at social criticism or political satire. The third type implies particularly a case that avant-garde artists utilize a photo as evidence of a work. In this case, a photo is employed as evidence of a work, which disappears in the temporal space essentially like body art, land art, and performance. Also, as the fourth type is a case of utilizing a photo for artistic concept of a work, not pictorial practice of picture, it is utilized often as important artistic strategy of conceptual artists. The final type of utilizing photo is a case of applying photo as formative tool on behalf of dye-stuffs or crayon in order to record a section of reality, which always continues regardless of event or meaning any more, in the traditional picture. In this case, a work is indicated as a photo of having a form of picture, namely, as Forme-tableau. The main subject is indicated there as a daily case of being repeated always the extremely common and revived theme.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.359-367
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• 2002

In this paper, a new embedded wavelet packet image coder algorithm is proposed for an effective image coder using correlation between partitioned coefficients. This new algorithm presents parent-child relationship for reducing image reconstruction error using relations between individual frequency sub-bands. By parent-child relationship, every coefficient is partitioned and encoded for the zerotree data structure. It is shown that the proposed wavelet packet image coder algorithm achieves low bit rates and rate-distortion. It also demonstrates higher PSNR under the same bit rate and an improvement in image compression time. The perfect rate control is compared with the conventional method. These results show that the encoding and decoding processes of the proposed coder are simpler and more accurate than the conventional ones for texture images that include many mid and high-frequency elements such as aerial and satellite photograph images. The experimental results imply the possibility that the proposed method can be applied to real-time vision system, on-line image processing and image fusion which require smaller file size and better resolution.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.29-38
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• 2018

In this paper, we developed a virtual cloth try-on (VTON) technology that segement the cloth image worn on the mannequin and applies it to the user 's photograph. The two-dimensional image-based virtual wear study which does not require three-dimensional information of cloth and model is of practical value, but the research result shows that there are limitations of of the current technology for the problem of occlusion or distortion. In this study, we proposed an algorithm to apply the results obtained from the DNN- based segmentation and posture estimation to the user 's photograph, assuming that the mannequin cloth reduces the difficulties in this part. In order to improve the performance compared with the existing one, we used the validity check of the pre-attitude information, the improvement of the deformation using the outline, and the improvement of the divided area. As a result, a significantly improved result image of more than 50% was obtained.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.18-23
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• 2023

Background: When performing reduction of zygomatic arch fractures, locating the inward portion of the fracture can be difficult. Therefore, this study investigated the discrepancy between the locations of the depression on the soft tissue and bone and sought to identify how to determine the inward portion of the fracture on the patient's face. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of chart with isolated zygomatic arch fractures of type V in the Nam and Jung classification from March 2013 to February 2022. For consistent measurements, a reference point (RP), at the intersection between a vertical line passing through the end point of the root of the ear helix in the patient's side-view photograph and a transverse line passing through the longest horizontal axis of the external meatus opening, was established. We then measured the distance between the RP and the soft tissue depression in a portrait and the bone depression on a computed tomography (CT) scan. The discrepancy between these distances was quantified. Results: Among the patients with isolated zygomatic arch fractures, only those with a fully visible ear on a side-view photograph were included. Twenty-four patients met the inclusion criteria. There were four types of discrepancies in the location of the soft tissue depression compared to the bone depression: type I, forward and upward discrepancy (7.45 and 3.28 mm), type II, backward and upward (4.29 and 4.21 mm), type III, forward and downward (10.06 and 5.15 mm), and type IV, backward and downward (2.61 and 3.27 mm). Conclusion: This study showed that discrepancy between the locations of the depressions on the soft tissue and bone exists in various directions. Therefore, applying the transverse and vertical distances measured from a bone image of the CT scan onto the patient's face at the indicated RP will be helpful for predicting the reduction location.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.205-211
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• 2023

In this study, we analyzed the potential application and validity of ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence technology currently gaining attention across various fields, for the creation of advertising photographs. To do this, we examined the relationship between the visual elements of advertising photographs and language, and investigated use cases of ChatGPT in advertising. Furthermore, we analyzed the elements of each stage in the advertising photograph creation process and conducted expert interviews to determine the validity of ChatGPT's application in these stages. The results revealed that, although somewhat limited, the feasibility of using ChatGPT was found to be high in the planning stage of advertising photographs, but lower in the actual shooting and post-production stages. Considering these findings, it is necessary to continuously monitor the progress of AI technology and strive to enhance the creativity and efficiency of advertising photograph production through collaboration between technology and humans.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2005

An experimental investigation has been carried out to reveal the atomization process of the diesel fuel spray. The spray injected through a single hole nozzle was taken by a camera on the opposite side of a stroboscope for macroscopic observation or a nanolite for microscopic observation. The effect of nozzle aspect ratio was analyzed with disintegration phenomena of the diesel spray. Based on the enlarged spray photograph, atomization process was observed in detail and further the spray cone angle was measured under various ambient pressures. The result shows that atomization of diesel spray in early stage of injection is mainly progressed in the vicinity of spray periphery region except the region close to the nozzle exit and spray head region. The spray cone angle is nearly constant under the pressurized condition, while it decreases with elapsing time under the atmospheric condition.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.273-287
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• 1995

Moire topography, a simple technique for three-dimensional quantitation, was used to provide interference fringe photographs of the human back with sufficient accuracy to be used for detecting patient with asymmetry due to scoliosis, the disease of cervix and lumbar, muscle dysfunction. Contour lines are a suitable and widely accepted method of describing a three-dimensional surface. In the moire technique, contour lines of an object are produced as interference fringes while the object is illuminated by a spotlight through a special grating. The fringe pattern is produced by the interference of the grating and its shadow on the object. A photograph of a moire pattern on the human back will permit an assessment of the overall body shape and the symmetry of the back. This study uses shadow moire topography. Moire topography provides a non-invasive technique for quantifying the shape of the human body. In the use of moire topography for the Oriental Medicine Diagnosis, the strength of moire lies in the ablility to detect change due to deformity of human body.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.25 no.11B
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• pp.1909-1919
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• 2000

사진 현상용 확대기는 필름의 상을 확대하여 인화지에 인화될 수 있도록 하는 사진 인화 및 확대에서 필수적인 장비이다. 그러나, 기존의 확대기는 한 장의 사진을 확대 인화하는데 어려 차례의 시험인화를 필요로 하여, 시간지연, 재료비와 인건비의 상승으로 인한 사진 인화 시 원가의 상승을 초래한다는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 확대기에 비디오 모니터를 부착하여 확대기의 출력 영상을 인화해 보기 전에 모니터를 통해 미리 확인할 수 있는 시스템을 구현하여, 시험인화의 횟수를 감소시켜 기존의 확대기가 가지고 있던 문제점을 해결하였다. 이때 모니터의 영상과 이를 인화한 사진의 컬러가 차이가 나는 문제가 발생하는데, 이는 본 논문에서 구현한 시스템에 색보정 알고리즘을 부가하여 문제를 해결하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.313-318
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• 2004

The quality of aerial photograph is closely connected with the change of wether conditions like as cloud cover, visibility, drifted snow and so on. To solve some problems caused by wether condition, the related organizations in advanced nations have presented some standards of wether condition for aerial photography. In domestic case, the NGI has presented some standards based on the internal specification of aerial photography and the table of monthly weather condition, but it is not enough to make the quantitative and objective standards on aerial photography specification. In this paper, we proposed a method which can reflect domestic weather condition and make accurate estimation of the average number of clear days in one year for aerial photography.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.38-47
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of physical properties and grain line of fabrics on the drape properties of the flare skirt. Horizontal section overlap map was obtained by three dimensional Moire Topography, It was concluded drapability of the skirt obtained by the map can be used to determine the ease of the skirt. Grain line such as bias and lengthwise direction showed the difference of quality of the drape at the hem line; skirt made by bias direction showed evenly distributed flare and effective for the aesthetic point view. No difference was observed between cotton and polyester fabrics probably due to the similar characteristics of the fabrics.