• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권10호
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• pp.1790-1799
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• 2016

Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI)-time of flight/mass spectrometry (TOF/MS) was applied to investigate alterations in phospholipids in mitophagic cancer cells. Several phospholipids, including phosphatidylcholines (PCs), sphingomyelins (SMs), and phosphatidylinositols (PIs), were successfully analyzed in control and mitophagy-induced H460 cells in the positive and negative ion modes. Principal component analysis was applied to differentiate the two groups. The upregulated and downregulated phospholipid species in the mitophagic cells were also represented in a heatmap. In the volcano plot (fold change > 1.3 and p value < 0.01), individual species of seven PCs, two SMs, and three PIs were selected as differentially regulated phospholipids. In particular, almost all the molecular species of PC, SM, and PI were downregulated in the mitophagic cells. Quantification of these lipids indicated that mitophagy induces altered metabolism of phospholipids. Therefore, phospholipid alterations during the mitophagic process of lung cancer cells were well characterized by MALDI-TOF/MS.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.552-560
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• 1999

In this study, we investigated the effects of lowering the fat and cholesterol in the diets of 26 Korean hypercholesteolemic men($\geq$240mg/dl). They consumed 2378kcal/day with 20.9% of the energy deriving from fat, and a cholesterol intake of 282mg(118mg/1000kcal). The experimental diet consisted of 2400kcal, the same as their usual diet, but the fat content was restricted to 15%, and the cholesterol level to below 100mg/1000kcal. The subjects kept to this diet for four weeks and were asked to maintain their usual life activities during the experimental period. The dietary intake and levels of plasma lipid, lipoprotein-cholesterol and apoprotein of the subjects were analyzed before, two weeks into, and after four weeks dietary intervention. After two of the dietary intervention, there were no significant changes of plasma total cholesterol or triglyceride levels but there was some changes of phospholipid level. However, after four weeks, the levels of plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, and phospholipid had decreased significantly: 18.2%, 32.9%, and 11.9%, respectively. And the LDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol levels also showed a marked reduction of 18.1%, and 33.0% respectively without change of HDL-cholesterol level. There were no changes in the levels of Apo-A 1, Apo-B, or Lp(a). The changes of the plasma lipid levels were significantly associated with the changes in dietary fat intake but not the cholesterol intake. In conclusion, although the responses to the dietary intervention varied among the individual subjects, the lowering of dietary fat component from 21% to 15% of energy intake seems to be an effective way to reduce plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels without decreasing HDL-cholesterol level. It was also found that the restriction of dietary cholesterol to below 100mg/1000kcal not seem to be effective for the hypercholesterolemic patient who already consuming below 300mg/day of cholesterol.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.198-204
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• 1994

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of the feeding mixture of linesed oil, rich in n-3 PUFA and the sunflower seed oil, rich in n-6 PUFA on the lipid metabolism in the dietary hypprlidemic rats. After male Sprague-Dawley rats were induced hyperlipidemia by feeding the diet containing lard, butter, and cholesterol for 3 weeks, then they were fed with the diet containing lard 3.0% and butter 12.0% for control, the mixture in different proportion of both linseed oil and sunflower seed oil, and antihyperlipidemic durgs for 2 weeks. Analysis of the lipid component and the fatty acid composition of the liver showed following results. Concentration s of the total cholesterol and phospholipid in liver were significantly higher in group 2 (olive oil 12.0%) and lower in the other groups than in the control group, especially lower in groups 3 (cholestyramine 2.0%) and 9 (sunflower seed oil 12.0%) . Concentration of triglyceride was lower in the other groups except group 4 (liparoid), especially lowe rin group 9 than in the control group. In the fatty acid composition of liver lipids, C18:2 was the major fatty acid. Contents of n-6 PUFA increased , while those of n-3 PUFA decreased in groups composition of the test lipids. From the data on concentration s of total cholesterol. Phospholipid and triglyceride in liver, we concluded that the feeding mixed with 3.0% lard and 12.0 % sunflower seed oil were most effective for the improvement of the live lipids. The fatty acid composition in liver lipids were affected by the fatty acid composition of the test lipids.

• 공업화학
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.541-546
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• 2021

세라마이드와 인지질, 콜레스테롤 등과의 상호적 자가회합이 가능한 최적의 조성을 구성하여 세라마이드 고함량의 수화 액정형 베시클을 제조하였다. 혼합조성을 달리하여 다양한 베시클을 제조한 결과, 에지 액티베이터인 sodium deoxycholate (SDOC)와 가용화제인 PEG-60 hydrogenated castor oil (HCO 60)을 혼합하여 베시클을 만들었을 때, 가장 작은 나노 사이즈의 입자가 만들어지고, 베시클 분산액은 약산성이면서 가장 안정한 상태를 유지하였다. 또한 편광현미경과 열분석을 통해 SDOC와 HCO 60의 첨가가 세라마이드 등 지질 성분의 결정성 억제에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 베시클 분산액은 8주 동안의 고온의 장기 보관에서도 외관 및 점도의 변화없이 안정성이 그대로 유지되었다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.451-458
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• 2005

대두유에 혼합 토코페롤과 개별 인지질 성분으로 phosphatidyl choline(PC), phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE), phosphatidyl inpsitol(PI), phosphatidyl serine(PS), phosphatidic acid(PA) 및 phosphatidyl glycerol(PG)를 각각 0.03%, 0.05%(w/w) 처리하여 이들 성분이 $50^{\circ}C$의 항온저장 조건에서 대두유의 산가(AV), 과산화물가(POV) 및 OSI에 미치는 영향을 측정하였다. 또한, 대두유의 가열안정성에 미치는 영향을 측정하기 위하여 $180^{\circ}C$에서 20시간 동안 가열처리하며 5시간 단위로 시료유를 채취하여 처리시간에 따른 발연점(SP) 변화를 측정하였다. 항온저장에 따른 AV변화에서는 그 항산화 효과가 $PA>PC>PI{\geq}PG>PS{\geq}PE$의 순서였으며, POV상승 억제 효과는 PA>PG>PC>PS>PE>PI의 순서였고, OSI 하락 억제효과는 PI>PC>PA>PG>PS>PE의 순서로 나타났다. 이와 같이 동일한 대두유에 대하여도 그 처리효과는 각 측정항목에 따라 서로 다르게 나타났다. 이러한 항온저장과 달리 $180^{\circ}C$에서 20시간 동안 가열처리하며 5시간 마다 시료유를 채취하여 발연점 하락 억제효과를 측정한 결과는 PA>PC>PG>PE>PI>PS의 순이었다. 상대적으로 혼합 토코페롤 처리군은 산가, 과산화물가 상승 억제 효과가 없을 뿐만 아니라 경우에 따라서는 산화 촉진제로 작용하였으며, OSI에서는 일정 부분의 처리 효과를 인정할 수 있었으나 발연점에서는 무처리군 보다도 오히려 그 하락이 심하여 특히 대두유를 튀김유로 사용할 경우에는 혼합 토코페롤의 처리가 바람직하지 못한 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.692-701
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• 1993

n-3계 EPA와 DHA의 함유 비율이 높은 정어리유와 n-6계 linoleic acid 함유 비율이 높은 홍화유의 혼합 급여가 고지질식이 흰쥐의 뇌, 심장 및 비장의 지방산 대사에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 Sprague Dawley계 숫 흰쥐에게 버터 식이를 대조군으로 하고 정어리유 및 홍화유의 혼합 비율을 달리한 유지를 급여하여 4주간 실험 사육한 후 지방산 조성을 분석 검토한 결고, 뇌 지질중 인지질의 지방산 조성은 EPA 및 DHA의 함유 비율이 높았으며, 특히 phosphatidylethanolamine에서는 DHA의 함유 비율이 월등히 높았고, cardioliipin에서는 arachidonic acid의 함유 비율이 높았다. 심장 인지질의 지방산 조성에서 PUFA의 함유 비율은 5군(4% 정어리유|4% 홍화유)에서 가장 높았고, 특히 DHA 함유 비율은 4군(6% 정어리유+2% 홍화유), 5군에서 높았으며, 비장 지질의 조성 지방산중 EPA 및 DHA의 함유 비율은 3군(8% 정어리유)에서 높았다.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 1997년도 국제 심포지움 및 춘계 학술대회
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• pp.65-74
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• 1997

By using guinea pig lung mast cells, this study aimed to examine the effects of Aloe component(NY945) on the mediator releases caused by mast cell activation, and also aimed to assess the effects of NY945 on the mechanism of mediator releases in the mast cell activation. We partially purified mast cells from guinea pig lung tissues by using the enzyme digestion, the rough and the discontinuous density percoll gradient method. Mast cells were sensitized with $IgG_1$ (anti-OA) and challenged with ovalbumin. Histamine was assayed by fluorometric analyzer, leukotrienes by radioimmunoassay The phospholipase D activity was assessed more directly by the production of labeled phosphatidylethanol or phosphatidylbutanol which was produced by phospholipase D-mediated transphosphatidylation in the presence of ethanol or butanol. The amount of mass 1,2-diacylglycerol was measured by the [$^3H$]1,2-diacylgycerol produced when prelabeled with [$^3H$]myristic acid. In the mast cells prelabeled with L-[$^3H$]methyl methionine the phospholipid methylation was assessed by measuring the incorporation of the [$^3H$]methyl moiety into phospholipids. Pretreatment of NY945(10$\mu$g) significantly decreased histamine and leukotrienes releases during mast cell activation. The decrease of histamine release was stronger than that of leukotrienes during mast cell activation. The phospholipase D activity increased by the mast cell activation was decreased by the dose-dependent manner in the pretreatment of NY945. The amount of mass 1,2-diacylglycerol produced by activation of mast cells were decreased in the pretreatment of NY945. NY945 pretreatment strongly inhibited the incorporation of the [$^3H$]methyl moiety into phospholipids. The data suggest that NY945 purified from Aloe inhibits in part an increase of 1,2-diacylglycerol which is produced by activating mast cells with antigen-antibody complexes which is mediated via phosphatidylcholine-phospholipise D and phosphatidylinositole-phospholipise C systems, and then followed by the inhibition of histamine release. Furthermore, NY945 reduces the phosphatidylcholine production by inhibiting the methyltransfsrase I and II, which decrease the conversion of phosphatidylcholine into arachidonic acid and inhibits the production of leukotrines.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.23-30
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• 1994

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of the feeding mixture of linseed oil, rich in n-3 PUFA and the sunflower seed oil, rich in n-6 PUFA on the lipid metabolism in the dietary hyperlipidemic rats. After male Sprague-Dawley rats were induced hyperlipidemia by feeding the diet containing lard, butter and cholesterol for 3 weeks, then they were fed with the diet containing lard 3.0 % and butter 12.0% for control, the mixture in different proportion of both linseed oil and sunflower seed oil and antihyperlipidemic drugs for 2 weeks. Analysis of the lipid component of the serum showed following results. Concentration of total cholesterol in serum was significantly lower in the other groups except group 2 (lard 3.0 % + olive oil 12.0%) than in the control group , especially in groups 3 (cholestyramine 2.0%) and 5 (lard 3.0% + linseed oil 12.0%). HDL-C and the ratio of HDL-C to total cholesterol concentration were higher in groups 1, 3, 5 and 9 (lard 3.0% + sunflower seed oil 12.0%) , while the atherosclerotic index was low in groups3, 5. Concentrations of free cholesterol and choesteryl ester in serum were significantly lower in the other groups except group 2 than in the control group, especially lower in grop 5. Concentration of LDL was significantly higher in group 2 while it was remarkably lower in groups 3 and 5, while those of triglyceride in groups in 3 and 4 (lipraroid) were significantly higher than in the control groups. From the data on concentration of total choelsterol , HDL-cholesterol, LDL, phospholipid and triglyceride in serum, the results suggested that the feeding mixed with 3.0% lard and 12.0% linseed oil or 2.0% cholestyramine were most effective for the improvement of the serum lipids.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.485-494
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the improvement effect of 5% turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) on the blood glucose and lipid metabolism function of streptozotocin (STZ, 45 mg/kg body weight)-induced diabetic rats. Seven-week-old male rats were divided into four groups (n=6), and fed experimental diets containing turmeric meal [basal diet+5% turmeric (BT), basal diet+STZ+5% turmeric (ST)], and control (BD), BS groups (basal diet+STZ). The results of this study, turmeric diet groups (BT, ST) in lipid component as evidenced from the significantly reduction of serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol), atherosclerotic index (AI), cardiac risk factor (CRF), triglyceride (TG), phospholipid (PL), free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester, uric acid, blood glucose, non esterified fatty acid (NEFA), and elevation of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol). The serum albumin and globulin contents were increased in turmeric supplementation diet than STZ-induced diabetic rats (p<0.05). Concentrations of sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) in sera were lower in the turmeric diet than diabetic group. Total calcium (T-Ca), phosphorus (Pi) and potassium (K) concentrations in sera were higher in the BT, ST and BD groups than BS group. In vivo experiments with Sprague-Dawley rats showed that ingestion of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) were effective in the blood glucose and lipid metabolism functional improvement.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.194-209
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• 2024

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: High levels of plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol are an important determinant of atherosclerotic lesion formation. The disruption of cholesterol efflux or reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) in peripheral tissues and macrophages may promote atherogenesis. The aim of the current study was to examine whether bioactive ellagic acid, a functional food component, improved RCT functionality and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) function in diet-induced atherogenesis of apolipoproteins E (apoE) knockout (KO) mice. MATERIALS/METHODS: Wild type mice and apoE KO mice were fed a high-cholesterol Paigen diet for 10 weeks to induce hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis, and concomitantly received 10 mg/kg ellagic acid via gavage. RESULTS: Supplying ellagic acid enhanced induction of apoE and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter G1 in oxidized LDL-exposed macrophages, facilitating cholesterol efflux associated with RCT. Oral administration of ellagic acid to apoE KO mice fed on Paigen diet improved hypercholesterolemia with reduced atherogenic index. This compound enhanced the expression of ABC transporters in peritoneal macrophages isolated from apoE KO mice fed on Paigen diet, indicating increased cholesterol efflux. Plasma levels of cholesterol ester transport protein and phospholipid transport protein involved in RCT were elevated in mice lack of apoE gene, which was substantially reduced by supplementing ellagic acid to Paigen diet-fed mice. In addition, ellagic acid attenuated hepatic lipid accumulation in apoE KO mice, evidenced by staining of hematoxylin and eosin and oil red O. Furthermore, the supplementation of 10 mg/kg ellagic acid favorably influenced the transcriptional levels of hepatic LDL receptor and scavenger receptor-B1 in Paigen diet-fed apoE KO mice. CONCLUSION: Ellagic acid may be an athero-protective dietary compound encumbering diet-induced atherogenesis though improving the RCT functionality.