• 대한본초학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2008

Objectives : In order to distinguish morphological characteristics of trunk bark and root bark of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica (Rehder) Nakai and the trunk bark and root bark of Hemiptelea davidii Planchon were sampled and compared in terms of their external and internal features with flour states according to their medical use, through microscopic examination. Methods : The slice of the tested material made by paraffin section technique was colored with Safranine Malachite Green contrast methods, and the flour of it was mounted by the liquid made by the same ratio of each of glycerin, acetic acid, and water, and then observed and photographed by olymphus-BHT. Results : 1. Internal Features 1) A large parenchymatous cell was observed in the phloem of the slice of both trunk bark and root bark of Ulmi Cortex, However, both of the trunk bark and root bark of Hemipteleae Cortex did not have parenchymatous cell in the phloem; instead, stone cells including much square crystal of calcium oxalate were distributed around fiber bundle, and the parenchymatous cell included much druse crystal of calcium oxalate. 2) In both the Ulmi Cortex and Hemipteleae Cortex, rhytidome was observed in trunk bark, but not in root bark, but in the parenchymatous cell of the root bark of the Ulmi Cortex contained starch grain. 2. Flour States 1) In the flour of root bark of the Ulmi Cortex, a large parenchymatous cell was observed. However, in the flour of trunk bark and root bark of Hemipteleae Cortex, no parenchymatous eel was found; instead, stone cell including square crystal of calcium oxalate and druse crystal of calcium oxalate were observed. 2) There was no remarkable difference between the trunk bark and root bark of Hemipteleae Cortex. However, starch grain was contained in the parenchymatous cell of the root bark of Ulmi Cortex but not in the trunk bark of it. Conclusions : There were some morphological differences in external, internal, and flour parts of Ulmi Cortex and Hemipteleae Cortex. In particular, there was a morphological difference in flour states between the trunk bark and root bark of Ulmi Cortex, it is possible to use microscope to distinguish their flour states.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2008

Objectives : In order to distinguish morphological characteristics of trunk bark and root bark of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica (Rehder) Nakai and the trunk bark and root bark of Hemiptelea davidii Planchon were sampled and compared in terms of their external and internal features with flour states according to their medical use, through microscopic examination. Methods : The slice of the tested material made by paraffin section technique was colored with Safranine Malachite Green contrast methods, and the flour of it was mounted by the liquid made by the same ratio of each of glycerin, acetic acid, and water, and then observed and photographed by olympus-BHT. Results : 1. Internal Features 1) A large parenchymatous cell was observed in the phloem of the slice of both trunk bark and root bark of Ulmi Cortex. However, both of the trunk bark and root bark of Hemipteleae Cortex did not have parenchymatous cell in the phloem; instead, stone cells including much square crystal of calcium oxalate were distributed around fiber bundle, and the parenchymatous cell included much druse crystal of calcium oxalate. 2) In both the Ulmi Cortex and Hemipteleae Cortex, rhytidome was observed in trunk bark, but not in root bark, but in the parenchymatous cell of the root bark of the Ulmi Cortex contained starch grain. 2. Flour States 1) In the flour of root bark of the Ulmi Cortex, a large parenchymatous cell was observed. However, in the flour of trunk bark and root bark of Hemipteleae Cortex, no parenchymatous eel was found; instead, stone cell including square crystal of calcium oxalate and druse crystal of calcium oxalate were observed. 2) There was no remarkable difference between the trunk bark and root bark of Hemipteleae Cortex. However, starch grain was contained in the parenchymatous cell of the root bark of Ulmi Cortex but not in the trunk bark of it. Conclusions : There were some morphological differences in external, internal, and flour parts of Ulmi Cortex and Hemipteleae Cortex. In particular, there was a morphological difference in flour states between the trunk bark and root bark of Ulmi Cortex, it is possible to use microscope to distinguish their flour states.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.153-158
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• 1998

Arabidopsis thaliana에 beet curly top virus (BCTV)를 인공접종하여 외부병징 및 조직내부구조 변화를 광학현미경으로 검경하였다. BCTV-Logan에 접종된Arbidopsis thaliana ecotype Sei-O 줄기에서 약 2주 후 이상비대현상이 관찰되었고, 약 4주 후에는 캘러스조직이 형성되었다. 감염된 각 시기별로 증상부위의 Sei-O 줄기를 횡단절단하여 관찰한 결과 다음과 같은 순서, (1) 사부조직의 이상비대, (2) 이상비대된 사부의 괴사, (3) 괴사조직의 lacuna 형성, (4) lacuna형성된 사부 주위의 피층과 표피세포 신장 및 확대, (5) 신장된 피층 및 표피세포에서의 세포분열 유도, (6) 캘러스 조직의 유도 순으로 내부구조 변화가 관찰되었다. BCTV에 감염된 Arabidopsis에서의 캘러스 형성은 바이러스의 감염결과로 유도되었으며, azure-A염색법에 의해 바이러스 inclusion body는 사부조직과 캘러스에서도 존재함이 관찰되었다. 본 연구 결과 BCTV에 감염된 Arabidopsis에서 관찰된 캘러스 형성의 원인은 감염된 숙주식물의 사부조직의 괴사에 따른 lacuna 주위 피층세포의 세포분열에 기인한 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2006

국내에서 재배된 케나프의 해부 물리적 특성을 광학현미경, 주사전자현미경 및 X선회절법으로 조사하였다. 그 결과 케나프는 사부에 인피섬유, 사부 방사조직, 피층 유세포, 사관요소 등이 존재하였고, 목부는 도관요소, 목섬유, 방사조직 등으로 구성되어 있었다. 관공은 고립 및 2~3개가 방사방향으로 복합한 것이 많이 존재하였고, 방사조직은 평복, 방형, 직립세포가 모두 분포하고 있었다. 수피부의 인피섬유 길이는 생장기간이 길어짐에 따라 점차 증가하였고, 목부 섬유의 길이는 평균 0.74~0.82 mm로써 생장기간과 줄기의 높이에 관계없이 거의 차이가 없었다. 상대결정화도는 사부가 53~74%, 목부가 43~58%인 것으로 나타났으며, 셀룰로오스의 결정폭은 사부가 2.68~3.24 nm, 목부가 2.46~2.95 nm 정도인 것으로 나타났다. 케나프 줄기의 높이가 증가함에 따라 생재함수율과 생재밀도는 증가하였으나, 기본밀도는 낮게 나타났다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.903-912
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• 2016

Morphological and anatomical evaluation of grafted P. merkusii have been undertaken to obtain the information about compatible and incompatible symptoms of 18 years old grafts based on morphological observation and microscopic analysis. Samples of compatible and incompatible grafts were obtained from previous research conducted by the Silviculture Departement Team in 1994. Result showed that compatible grafts have normal stem form and secondary growth (diameter growth), but some abnormality symptoms like undulated pattern of annual growth rings, phloem thickening and abnormality resin ducts in inner and middle parts of the union area occurred. Incompatible ones showed abnormality of the stem form, cortex-bark necrosis and swelling in the union area. Microscopic observation showed abnormality of all parts of the union, undulated pattern of annual growth rings, phloem thickening, abnormal resin ducts, low numbers and discontinuity of vascular elements in the union area.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.98-103
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• 2005

국내에서 재배한 Kenaf의 해부학적 특성을 광학현미경법으로 조사하였다. Kenaf의 수피부에는 인피섬유, 사부방사조직, 피층유세포 등이 존재하였고, 목질부는 도관, 목섬유, 방사조직 등으로 구성되어 있었다. 도관은 고립관공과 2~3개가 방사방향으로 복합한 복합관공이 많이 존재하였고, 방사조직은 평복, 직립, 방형세포가 모두 분포하고 있었다. 접선단면에서 방사조직은 단열 및 다열방사조직으로 구성되었다. 수피부의 인피섬유층은 생장기간과 함께 증가하였다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.11-21
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• 1996

일본원산(日本原産)의 미나리과향신야말(科香辛野茉)인 파드득나물, 미나리, 명일엽(明日葉) 및 갯방품의 유도(油道)의 발생(發生), 구조(構造) 및 분포(分布)에 대하여 광학현미경(光學顯微鏡)으로 관찰(觀察)하였다. 유도(油道)는 엽병(葉柄), 엽신(葉身), 경(莖), 근(根), 배축(胚軸) 및 자엽(子葉)에 존재(存在)했다. 유도(油道)는 배축(胚軸)과 자엽(子葉)의 발생초기(發生初期)에 형성(形成)되었다. 엽병(葉柄)에 있어서의 유도(油道)는 파드득나물, 미나리에서와 같이 윤상유관속(輪狀維管束)에 상반(相伴)하여 나타나는 분포(分布)와, 명일엽(明日葉), 갯방풍에서와 같이 산재위관속(散在維管束) 상반(相伴)하여 나타나는 분포(分布)로 구분(區分)할 수 있었다. 엽병(葉柄)이 비대(肥大)해짐에 따라 피층(皮層)에 형성(形成)되는 유도(油道)는 처음에 유도(油道)가 발생(發生)하고, 그 다음에 후각조직(厚角組織)과 유관속(維管束)이 발달(發達)함을 알 수 있었다. 그러나, 유관속(維管束)의 형성(形成)을 동반(桐伴)하지 않는 경우도 있었다 유도(油道)는 엽병(葉柄)에서는 주변부(周邊部)에 많이 존재(存在)했다. 엽신(葉身)에서는 엽맥(葉脈)의 향축측(向軸側)과 배축측(背軸側)에 존재(存在)했고, 주맥(主脈)에 있는 유도(油道)가 컸다. 경(莖)에서의 유도(油道)는, 파드득나물과 미나리는 피층(皮層)과 빈에, 명일엽(明日葉)과 갯방풍은 피층(皮層)과 목부주변(木部周邊)의 기본조직(基本組織)에 분포(分布)했다. 근(根)에서는, 파드득나물과 미나리는 내초에, 명일엽(明日葉)과 갯방풍은 후각성조직(厚角性組織)과 축부(縮部)에 분포(分布)했다. 유도(油道)의 횡단면(橫斷面)은 도형(圖形) 혹은 타도형(楕圖形)이었다. 분필세포(分泌細胞)는 피층(皮層)과 빈에서는 주변(周邊)의 유세포(柔細胞)보다 작았으며 사부(篩部)에서는 컸다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2007

국내 간척지에서 생장한 양마(kenaf)의 생장기관과 높이에 따른 해부학적 특성을 광학현미경과 주사전자현미경(SEM)을 사용하여 관찰하였다. 2006년 5월에 파종한 케나프를 동년 7, 8, 9,10월 총 4회에 걸쳐 채취하고, 각 생장기간 별로 3, 35, 70, 105 cm의 높이에서 시료를 채취하여 실험을 실시하였다. 사부에는 인피섬유, 방사조직, 사관이 존재하였고 목부에는 도관, 목섬유, 방사조직과 수가 존재하였다. 목질부의 도관은 산재상으로 고립관공과 방사복합관공이 혼재하였고 도관상호간벽공은 교호상 벽공의 형태가 관찰되었다. 또한 목부의 방사조직은 단열, 복열 및 다열방사조직이 혼재하였고 방사유세포의 형태는 직립, 평복, 방형세포가 모두 존재하였다. 생장기간이 길어질수록 사부와 목부가 증가하였고 수심부가 감소하였으며, 인피섬유의 층수와 사부방사조직이 증가하였다. 그리고 사부에 있어서 형성층부위에 가까운 인피섬유의 층이 외층부의 인피섬유의 층보다 더 크고 세포수가 많았다. 또한 생장기간이 길어질수록 접선단면에서 다열방사조직이 많이 관찰되었다. 생장 높이가 높아질수록 사부가 증가하였고 목부가 감소하였으며, 인피섬유의 층수와 사부방사조직이 감소하였다. 그리고 생장높이가 높아질수록 접선단면에서 단열방사조직이 많이 관찰되었다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.257-261
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• 2003

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of plant growth regulators on the organogenesis from the tissue culture of Arabidopsis thaliana stem, and the origin of the callus development. When the stem segments were cultured on medium with 2mg/L IAA or NAA, adventitious roots and trichomes were differentiated after 11 days of culture. Callus vigorously formed on medium with 2/L2,4 after 7 days of culture, but adventitious roots and trichomes were not differentiated from callus after 10 days of culture. This results suggesting that picloram is very effective auxin for the callus formation and organogenesis. Callus weakly formed on 0.05mg/L kinetin, and formed on combination of auxins(2mg/L) with 0.05mg/L kinetin. But the effect of combination of auxins and kinetin the callus formation was less than 2,4-D or picloram alone. A histological examination of callus formed on picloram showed that phloram showed that phloem parenchyma cells were divided and enlarged after 2 days of culture. Cortex parenchyma cells were divided and meristematic nodules were developed from these cells after 4 days of culture. Finally, callus formed on outside of cortex and epidermis by division of meristematic nodules after 7 days of culture.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2018

Objectives : Saururus chinensis and Houttuynia cordata (Saururaceae) are perennial herbs using for medicinal purposes in Korea. The objectives of this study are to compare anatomical key characters between two medicinal plants and to provide fundamental information for the identification of two herbal medicines by using anatomical features. Methods : Cross-sections of root, rhizome, stem, petiole, and leaf for each species were observed in this study. Materials were analyzed through dehydration, paraffin embedding and micro-sectioning, and double staining with Safranin O and Fast-Green FCF. Observations of permanent preparation were conducted using light microscope. Results : S. chinensis and H. cordata were distinguished with anatomical differentiations; Idioblasts with essential oil were scattered in the parenchyma cell of cortex, pith, and phloem of S. chinensis, on the other hand, in H. cordata, idioblasts were distributed ring-shaped in the cortex of the root. S. chinensis had two cycles of vascular bundles in the stem while H. cordata had one cycle. Hypodermis layer was conspicuous in a stem of H. cordata, crystals were observed the only parenchyma in a stem of S. chinensis, and epidermal oil cells were developed in the epidermis of H. cordata. S. chinensis had air cavity at the cortex and pith of the stem. The shape of cross-section was polygonal in the stem of S. chinensis and was circular in the stem of H. cordata. Conclusions : We investigated anatomical study of Korean S. chinensis and H. cordata. To identify two herbal medicines, we considered main anatomical features and provided identification key here.