• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.130-135
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• 2010

This study was performed to the activity of antioxidant and anti-diabetic from Zanthoxylum schnifolium fruit. The Zanthoxylum schnifolium fruits were extracted with water, 100% methanol, 100% ethanol, 70% methanol and 70% ethanol. The activities of each extracts were measured by antioxidant tests, such as total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents, hydroxyl radical activity, DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power and $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibition activity assay. The water extract represented the highest activity in the antioxidants properties in vitro, including hydroxyl radical activity, DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power. Furthermore, water extract also showed significantly high total phenolic contents but the 100% methanol extract showed high total flavonoid contents estimated as $196.48{\mu}g/mg$. The $IC_{50}$ values for $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibition activity of the 100% ethanol and 100% methanol extracts were $275.66{\mu}g/mg$ and $261.44{\mu}g/mg$. Our results indicated that the Zanthoxylum schnifolium fruit expected to be useful as antioxidants.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.42-48
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• 2015

Lactuca raddeana (Compositae) is used to treat obesity and complications due to diabetes. The five phenolic compounds including chlorogenic acid, chicoric acid, luteolin 7-O-glucoside, luteolin 7-O-glucuronide, luteolin were qualitatively identified by LC-ESI-MS analysis. The contents were quantitatively determined by HPLC, under the condition of a Capcell Pak C18 column ($5{\mu}m$, $250mm{\times}4.6mm\;i.d.$) and a gradient elution of 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and 0.05% TFA in $MeOH-H_2O$ (60 : 40). The contents of chicoric acid (100.99 mg/g extract) and luteolin 7-O-glucoside (101. 69 mg/g extract) were high, while those of other three phenolic substances were very low. The 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells treated with chicoric acid and luteolin 7-O-glucuronide significantly suppressed the accumulation of fat, suggesting they are effective against obesity. Since high level of peroxynitrite (ONOO) causes cardiovascular disease in obese patients, its scavenging activity was also studied.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.208-212
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• 2009

The heartwood of Rhus verniciflua Stokes (Anacardiaceae) is widely used for a medicinal plant to treat diabetes mellitus and lingering intoxication in the folkloric society of Korea, while the stem bark has been traditionally used to treat menstrual disorder and helminthiasis. We previously reported that a flavonoid, fustin, isolated from the heartwood of R. verniciflua is effective in Alzheimer‘s disease and rheumatoid arthritis. To explore the possibility to produce more flavonoid-rich fraction from this plant, the MeOH extracts from the plant parts of stem bark, outer heartwood, and inner heartwood were quantitatively analyzed by HPLC. Phenolic or flavonoid compounds (chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, sulfuretin, fustin, fisetin, luteolin and astragalin) were detectable in the HPLC chromatogram. The orange-colored inner heartwood was found to contain the highest levels of fustin (16.96 mg/g) and sulfuretin (2.22 mg/g). Moreover, the inner heartwood accumulated fustin and sulfuretin at least 4-fold higher level as compared to the stem bark and outer heartwood. The levels of total phenolic compounds positively correlated with the extents of antioxidant properties. Therefore, the inner heartwood of R. verniciflua could be used to increase fustin concentration of the extract which is capable of treating Alzheimer‘s disease and rheumatoid arthritis.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.332-337
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• 2000

The study on the nitrogen adsorption, surface properties and water adsorption capacity of the carbonaceous desiccants derived from phenolic resin was carried out. In the nitrogen adsorption study on the carbonaceous desiccants, Type II isotherm for each sample was obtained. Furthermore, the adsorbed volume decrease with water washing of the desiccant. The $S_{BET}$ of the carbonaceous desiccants was $648.7m^2/g$ before washing and $189.3m^2/g$ after washing, respectively. The morphology of needlelike formation before washing and spherical particle after washing with water were observed from SEM micrographs. Finally, from the water adsorption effects, the percentage of the water loading capacity was 25-63%, and the capacity was good at relatively low humidity.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.90-97
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• 2017

This study investigated optimal extraction conditions for application of Hippophae rhamnoides leaves as a natural antioxidant. Hippophae rhamnoides leaves were extracted using ethanol at various concentrations (0, 30, 50, and 70%) and extraction times (4, 8, and 12 hrs) at $70^{\circ}C$ and then evaluated for extraction yield (22.51%), total phenolic contents (84.21~149.25 mg/g), total flavonoid contents (63.10~124.14 mg/g), as well as antioxidant activities DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and FRAP. Antioxidant activities (DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity, reducing power) were correlated with total phenolic and flavonoid contents. 70% EtOH extracts for 12 h at $70^{\circ}C$ showed the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents with strong antioxidant activities, and that the leaves of Hippophae rhamnoides could be considerd as a candidate of new functional antioxidant agents. This extract could be a good source for natural antioxidants and good health food. This work offers would be useful for chemical and biological studies of natural plants and its products.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.232-236
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• 2014

Acanthopanax divaricatus var. albeofructus (ADA) is commonly ingested as a traditional medicine or as a component of a health drink in Korea. In this phytochemical study, nine phenolics (1 - 9) and three lignans (10 - 12) were isolated from the MeOH extract of the stems of ADA. Chemical structures were elucidated by comparing spectroscopic data with reported values. Nuclear factor kappa B ($NF-{\kappa}B$) inhibitory activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated using an $NF-{\kappa}B$ luciferase assay in HepG2 cells. Among them, compounds 1, 3 - 8, and 11 showed significant inhibitory effects on $TNF{\alpha}$-induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ transcriptional activity in a dosedependent manner, with $IC_{50}$ values ranging from 13.25 to $37.36{\mu}M$. Further studies on potential anti-inflammatory effects and the benefits of phenolic and lignan components from ADA are warranted.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.1086-1090
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• 2006

The chromatographic separation of the MeOH extract from the twigs of Acer tegmentosum led to the isolation of ten phenolic compounds. The structures of these compounds were determined using spectroscopic methods as 3,7,3',4'-tetramethyl-quercetin (1), 5,3'-dihydroxy-3,7,4'-trimethoxy flavone (2), 2,6-dimethoxy-p-hydroquinone (3), (-)-catechin (4), morin-3-O-${\alpha}$-L-lyxoside (5), p-hydroxy phenylethyl-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (6), 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxy phenyl-1-O-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (7), fraxin (8), 3,5-dimethoxy-benzyl alcohol 4-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (9) and 4-(2,3-dihydroxy propyl)-2,6-dimethoxy phenyl ${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (10). The compounds were examined for their cytotoxic activity against five cancer cell lines. Compound 3 exhibited good cytotoxic activity against five human cancer cell lines with $ED_{50}$ values ranging from $1.32\;to\;3.85\;{\mu}M$.

• CELLMED
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.14.1-14.6
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• 2015

Antioxidative and free radical scavenging properties of different stem extracts of Euphorbia trigona were evaluated and correlated with its total phenolic content. Aqueous, acetone and methanolic extracts of shade dried stem were obtained and were concentrated in vacuo. The antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of stem extracts was determined by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay, reducing power assay, deoxyribose degradation assay and $Fe^{2+}$ chelating assay. Total phenolic contents (TPC) were evaluated using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The results confirmed that the plant is a rich source of polyphenolic compounds which are invariably higher compared to other herbs. All extracts showed TPC in the range of 146.6 - 168.6 mg/g gallic acid equivalents at $300{\mu}g/ml$ of extract. Among the three extracts ME showed highest scavenging activity as evidenced by maximum scavenging of DPPH (83.2%), $OH{\bullet}$ radicals (94.81%), $Fe^{2+}$ chelating activity (88.59%) and a high reducing power 0.623 at $300{\mu}g/ml$. Our results demonstrate that Euphorbia trigona, an unexplored xerophytic plant could be potential source of natural antioxidants and phytotherapeutic agents. The plant possess invariably high amount of polyphenolic compounds with a broad spectrum of antioxidant properties and could be further used for food, feed and pharmaceutical applications.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.373-378
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• 2010

In order to obtain basic data for utilization of the aerial parts of Cnidium officinale Makino (APCO), the antioxidant properties of the aerial parts and rhizomes of C. officinale were measured using DPPH and ABTS radicals, and nitrite scavenging assays. The ethyl acetate (EA) fraction prepared from the aerial parts of APCO showed the strongest antioxidant activities, and contained high level of total phenolic compounds (325.81 mgTE/g) and flavonoids (259.16 mgRE/g). The concentrations for 50% reductions ($RC_{50}$) values of the DPPH and ABTS radicals, and nitrite by the EA fraction of APCO were $11.27\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $14.34\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, and $10.26\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, respectively. APCO exhibited approximately 3-9 times higher antioxidant activity than rhizomes of C. officinale. The antioxidant capacities of APCO were positively correlated with its total phenolic contents. Therefore, it was concluded that the aerial parts of C. officinale can be a useful and cost-effective source of natural antioxidant for food or cosmetics.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.39-46
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• 2008

Repeated impregnation and carbonization processes were performed to prepare high-density woodceramics using a sawdust board. The physical properties were investigated to confirm morphological and structural changes of one-time and two-time phenolic resin-treated and carbonized woodceramics. As comparing between one-time and two-time carbonized woodceramics, the weight and the density of the two-time carbonized woodceramics decreased with an increase of the amount of impregnated phenolic resin. In addition, when the amount of impregnated phenolic resin was about 40% in these woodceramics, the two-time carbonized woodceramics showed higher weight (23.8%) and density (30.0%) than the one-time treatment.