• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.272-274
• /
• 2012

Phantom limb pain is a painful sensation that is perceived in a body part that no longer exists. To control this pain, many methods have been used such as medication, physical treatment, nerve block, neuromodulation, surgical treatment and mirror therapy. However, until now, there effects have been uncertain. We report the successful reduction of phantom limb pain using mirror therapy when other treatments initially failed to control the pain.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제20권8호
• /
• pp.795-800
• /
• 2014

In this paper, a vibrotactile pad system, T-mobile, is developed to provide vibrotactile cues for hand-held devices. A grooved and slim design is adapted to the back-side plane of the T-mobile, and the contact part consists of 12 vibrotactile panels which can operate independently and separately. To be isolated among vibrotactile actuators, the surface of the cover is divided into several pieces. Each vibrating module consists of a linear resonant actuator, a section of covering surface, and a vibration isolator. In order to provide spatial and directional information, sensory saltation and phantom sensation are applied to the T-mobile. To evaluate the developed device, two experiments were conducted to test whether directional information and spatial information can be successfully displayed by the device. Additionally, in order to find optimal stimulation by sensory saltation, an empirical test was conducted. As a result, spatial and directional information would be useful for displaying intuitive information for hand-held devices with vibrotactile feedback and reasonable near-optimal value for sensory saltation was obtained.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.233-236
• /
• 2006

Phantom limb pain is a painful sensation from an absent limb. The onset of pain is generally early, with 75% of patients developing pain within the first few days after amputation. The frequency and duration of attacks tend to be reduced with time, although the prevalence and intensity remain constant. We report here a case of a 38-year-old man who exhibited the signs and symptoms of phantom limb pain due to the above-knee amputations of both legs. He was not responded to opioid therapy and a continuous intravenous infusion of ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspatate receptor antagonist, reduced his severe pain.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
• /
• 제13권7호
• /
• pp.933-939
• /
• 2019

MDCT에서 인체등가형 흉부팬텀과 유리선량계를 이용하여 고해상력 및 저선량 CT로 검사하여 영상의 평가 및 흡수선량 및 유효선량을 측정하여 임상 기초자료를 제공하는데 목표를 두고자한다. 인체등가형 흉부팬텀내부에 유리선량계를 삽입하여 조직선량을 측정하였다. 64-slice CT system (SOMATOM Sensation 64, Siemens AG, Forchheim, Germany)과 CARE Dose 4D를 이용하였고, 고해상력 CT에서의 파라메터는 관전압 120 kVp, Eff. mAs 104, scan time 7.93 sec, slice 1.0 mm (Acq. 64×0.6 mm), convolution kernel (B60f sharp)의 스캔 파라메터가 사용되었고, 저선량 CT는 120 kVp, Eff. mAs 15, scan time 7.41 sec, slice 3.0 mm (Acq. 64×0.6 mm), convolution kernel B50f medium sharp의 스캔하였다. 인체등가형 흉부팬텀을 이용하여 스캔에 따른 CTDIvol은 고해상력 CT에서 8.01 mGy, 저선량 CT는 1.18 mGy로 측정되었다. 저선량 CT 검사는 고해상력 CT 검사에 비해 흡수선량이 85.49%가 감소하였고 영상의 차이는 없어 임상에서 유용하게 적용할 수 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.16-20
• /
• 1999

Background: Tourniquet pain has important impacts on anesthesia. Tourniquet pain and accompanying cardiovascular changes are important factors that make patients in distress during anesthesia. As tourniquet pain may be modified by anesthesia, a study on the changes in the neural functions by tourniquet inflation in normal volunteers is important. Methods: Time-dependent changes in tourniquet pain, heart rate, phantom limb sensation, motor function, pain to pressure on upper extremity of 10 healthy and unpremedied volunteers were measured. Each parameter were measured every 5 minutes starting from 10 minutes before inflation to 15 minutes after deflation of tourniquet. Tourniquet was deflated when the subject felt unbearable pain (score 100 with visual analog scale). Results: Subjects manifested time-dependent pain responses to tourniquet inflation, characterized by increase in VAS, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Mean duration of tourniquet inflation was 36.4 minutes, volunteers experienced motor paralysis at 27.6 minutes and sensory loss at 33.1 minutes. Pain to pressure decreased over time in both arms. The degree of decrease was greater in the arm on which tourniquet was applied than that in the non-applied arm. Phantom limb sensation occurred in 3 subjects. Conclusions: This study demonstrated dynamic changes in the neural functions during tourniquet inflation period. Tourniquet-induced pain and resultant hypertension occurred in all subjects. Appropriate anesthetic management is needed for the surgery using tourniquet.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• 제42권2호
• /
• pp.65-70
• /
• 2012

Purpose : The aim of this study was to compare the effective dose for imaging of mandible between multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). An MDCT with low dose technique was also compared with them. Materials and Methods : Thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) chips were placed at 25 organ sites of an anthropomorphic phantom. The mandible of the phantom was exposed using 2 different types of MDCT units (Somatom Sensation 10 for standard-dose MDCT, Somatom Emotion 6 for low-dose MDCT) and 3 different CBCT units (AZ3000CT, Implagraphy, and Kavo 3D eXaM). The radiation absorbed dose was measured and the effective dose was calculated according to the ICRP 2007 report. Results : The effective dose was the highest for Somatom Sensation 10 (425.84 ${\mu}Sv$), followed by AZ3000CT (332.4 ${\mu}Sv$), Somatom Emotion 6 (199.38 ${\mu}Sv$), and 3D eXaM (111.6 ${\mu}Sv$); it was the lowest for Implagraphy (83.09 ${\mu}Sv$). The CBCT showed significant variation in dose level with different device. Conclusion : The effective doses of MDCTs were not significantly different from those of CBCTs for imaging of mandible. The effective dose of MDCT could be markedly decreased by using the low-dose technique.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.241-245
• /
• 2015

A majority of patients who sustain injuries to the peripheral sensory nerves of the face and jaws experience a slow but gradual return of sensation that is functional and tolerable, if not the same as before the injuries. However, long-term effects of such injuries are aggravating for many patients, and a few patients experience significant suffering. In some of these patients, posttraumatic symptoms become pathological and are painful. The predominant painful components are (1) numbing anesthesia dolorosa pain, (2) triggered neuralgiaform pain, (3) burning and aching causalgiaform pain, and (4) phantom pain. This is a case report of conservative management of traumatic neuralgia and neuritis as part of posttraumatic pain syndromes in geriatric patients who have undergone the teeth extraction and alveoloplasty.

• 대한장애인치과학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.9-16
• /
• 2015

Pain and sensory disorder resulting from injury to peripheral nerves of the face and jaws are a major source of patient dissatisfaction and suffering. The majority of patient who sustain injuries to the peripheral sensory nerves of the face and jaws experience a slow but orderly return of sensation that is functional and tolerable in quality, if not "normal". For many patients, however, the long-term effects are a source of aggravation, and for a few, a significant cause of suffering. Common complaints relate to reduced sensory information causing embarrassing food accumulations or drooling, biting a burning the lip or tongue, and difficulty in performing routine activities such as shaving and apply makeup. For some patients posttraumatic symptoms become pathological and frankly painful. The predominent pain components are (1) numbing anesthesia dolorosa pain, (2) triggered neuralgiaform pain, (3) burning, aching causalgiaform pain, and (4) phantom pain. This is a report of cases about posttraumatic pain syndrome associated with dental treatment in a psychologically disabled patient.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국HCI학회 2007년도 학술대회 1부
• /
• pp.863-868
• /
• 2007

본 연구는 Haptic System의 물리적 stiffness(N/mm)와 사용자의 주관적 촉감정보(단단하다, 무르다)의 상관성에 관한 것이다. tangible media와 같은 컨텐츠의 촉감을 실감나게 표현하기 위해서는 사용자가 주관적으로 느끼는 힘의 강도가 haptic system에 매핑이 되어야 한다. 따라서 사용자의 주관적인 힘의 강도와 haptic system의 물리적 stiffness간에 상관성 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 물리적 특성을 결정하고 하드웨어와 소프트웨어를 연동시켜 촉감을 모델링하는 haptic 렌더링을 통해 정량화된 외부의 자극(변화)에 대해 사람이 심리적으로 느끼고 있는 감각을 정량화하여 입력 자극과의 관계를 밝히고자 팬텀을 이용해 두 번의 실험을 실시하였다. 먼저 haptic system에서 사용자가 힘의 차이를 느낄 수 있는 stiffness의 해상도를 측정하고, 그에 따라 나뉘어진 해상도 별로 촉감에 대한 주관적인 평가를 하였다. ANOVA결과에 따르면 haptic system의 물리적 stiffness와 사용자의 주관적 촉감정보간에 유의한 상관관계가 분석되었으며 회귀분석을 실시하여 유의한 정도를 회귀 방정식으로 도출하였다. 따라서tangible media를 이용한 실감적인 촉감 컨텐츠를 재현하는 기술에 본 연구결과가 유용하게 사용되리라 기대된다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.135-141
• /
• 2010

목적 : 추적검사를 위해 흉부질환을 주소로 내원한 CT 검사자를 대상으로 CT 파라미터 중 관전압의 변화에 따른 CT value의 변화와 화질평가, 피폭선량의 변화를 실험을 통하여 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 장비는 Somatom Sensation 16 (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany)을 이용하였으며 관전압의 변화에 따른 CT value 측정은 100 kVp를 이용한 동맥기 영상에서 갑상선, 대동맥궁과 우폐동맥의 높이에 위치한 관심영역에 직경 1cm의 관심부위를 설정하여 3회씩 측정한 후 평균치를 기록하였다. 실험을 위하여 자체 제작한 팬텀(시험관)의 CT value 측정은 시험관에 조영제를 생리식염수에 여러 가지 비율로 희석하여 관전압 80 kVp, 100 kVp, 120 kVp, 140 kVp로 스캔하여 팬텀 영상의 중심부에서 CT value를 총 3회에 걸쳐 구한 후 평균값을 기록하였다. 피폭선량 분석에서는 관전류를 100 mAs로 고정하여 가장 최근에 시행한 120 kVp 동맥기 영상과 본 연구에서 설정한 100 kVp 동맥기영상에서의 CTDIVOL 값을 비교, 분석하였다. 흉부 영상의 화질평가는 관찰자 2명이 5단계로(Unacceptable, Suboptimal, Adequate, Good, Excellent diagnostic quality)구분하여 평가하였다. 결과 : 흉부영상의 CT value는 각 관심부위 별로 120 kVp 보다 100 kVp에서 14.06%~27.26%까지 증가하였다. 팬텀의 CT value 측정 결과 여러 종류의 조영제 농도에서 관전압이 낮아질수록 CT value 가 증가하였다. 피폭선량 분석에서 CTDIVOL 값은 관전압 100 kVp(5.00 mGy) 일때 120 kVp(7.80 mGy) 보다 약 36%가 감소하였다. 영상의 화질평가는 총 20명의 영상 중 Unacceptable 0명, Suboptimal 1명, Adequate 3명, Good 10명, Excellent 6명으로 평가되었다. 결론 : 반복적으로 CT 검사를 위해 내원한 검사자를 대상으로 저 관전압을 적용한 흉부 CT검사 시 영상의 질적 저하없이 진단 가치가 있는 영상의 획득과 피폭선량 감소효과를 얻을 수 있다고 사료된다.