• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2000

The present study was performed to investigate photodegradation rate constants and degradation products of phosphamidon and profenofos by the USEPA method. The two pesticides were very stable in 16 days exposure of sunlight from September 3 to 22, 1999 and humic acid had no sensitizing effect on the photolysis of each pesticide in sunlight. In the UV irradiation test, phosphamidon was rapidly degraded as increasing UV intensity. In case of UV irradiation with TiO2 and with TiO2 powder amount, degradation of profenofos showed no significant difference with UV irradiation. Photodegradation rate of profenofos was slower than that of phosphamidon. In order to identify photolysis products, the extracts of degradation products were analyzed by GC/MS. The mass spectra of photolysis products of phosphamidon were at m/z 153 and 149, those of the profenofos were at m/z 208 and 240, respectively. It was suggested that the photolysis products of phosphamidon were 0, 0-dimethyl phosphate(DMP) and N, N-diethylchloroacetamide, those of profenofos were 4-bromo-2-chlorophenol and 0-ethyl-S-propyl phosphate.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.321-326
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• 2007

상업용 ZVI, nanosize ZVI 및 montmorillonite-ZVI complex 등에 의한 유기인계 살충제 chlorpyrifos의 수질 및 토양에서의 분해 특성을 조사하였다. 수용액내에서 ZVIs 처리량이 증가할수록 chlorpyrifos의 분해율 및 반응속도상수$(k_1)$는 증가되었고 cZVI

• 농약과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.303-307
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• 2010

총설은 1996년 "농업생태계에 대한 잔류농약의 영향평가"라는 총설 이후 국내에서 발표된 토양 중에서의 농약의 동태에 관한 연구 보문을 요약 정리한 것이다. 내용은 농약의 지표면 유출, 농약의 토양 중 흡착 및 탈착, 농약의 토양 중 용탈, 농약의 토양 종 분해는 미생물에 의한 분해와 비생물학적 분해로 나누어 검토하였고, 농약의 토양 종에서의 행적 및 토양 중 잔류와 잔류 분석법 등으로 구분하여 정리하였다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.36-43
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• 1999

The present study was performed to investigate biodegradation rate of dichlorvos and methidathion. In the biodegradation test of two pesticides by the modified river die-away method from June 17 to August 22, 1998, the biodegradation rate constants and half-life were determined in Nakdong(A) and Kumho River(B). Biodegradation rate of dichlorvos was 4.51% in A sampling point, 6.88% in B sampling point after 7 days. Biodegradation rate constants and half-life of dichlorvos were 0.0066 and 105 days in A sampling point, 0.0102 and 67.9 days in B sampling point, respectively. Biodegradation rate of methidathion was 23% in A sampling point, 36% in B sampling point after 7 days. Biodegradation rate constants and half-life of methidathion were 0.0377 and 18.4 days in A sampling point, 0.0641 and 10.8 days in B sampling point, respectively. Biodegradation rate of methidathion was faster than that of dichlorvos. This suggested that the difference in biodegradation of pesticides was due to difference in the water quality and standard plate counts in the Nackdong and Kumho Rivers. The result of correlation analysis between biodegradation rate constants of the pesticides and water quality(DO, BOD, SS, ABS, NH$_3$-N, and NO$_3$-N) showed significant correlation with BOD, SS and NH$_3$-N at the 5% significant level. A significant linear equation was obtained from regression analysis at the 5% significant level, whereas, dependent variables were BOD, SS and NH$_3$-N, and the biodegradation rate constant was independent variable. It is suggested that dichlorvos will be mainly degraded by hydrolysis, and for methidathion was both hydrolysis and biodegradation. A significant QSAR equation was obtained from regression analysis at the 10% significant level, whereas, dependent variable is biodegradation rate constants of BPMC, chlorothalonil, dichlorvos and methidathion, vapor pressures, partition coefficients and water solubilities of the pesticides are independent variables. Also, a significant linear equation was obtained from regression analysis at the 1% significant level, whereas, dependent variable is biodegradation rate constants of BPMC, chlorothalonil, dichlorvos and methidathion, hydrolysis rate constants of the pesticides are independent variables. It is suggested that the pesticides will be degraded by main degradation factor when the pesticides was affected both hydrolysis and biodegradation.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.589-596
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• 2002

Photocatalytic degradation of chlorpyrifos and diazinon, which are extensively used as an organophosphorous pesticide in the agriculture field, has been investigated with UV-radiated TiO$_2$ in aqueous phase. Photodegradation rate was increased with increasing pH of the solution. The removal efficiencies of chlorpyrifos and diazinon were 100% after 200 min in pH 9. Photodegradation followed a pseudo-first-order reaction. The rate constants of chlorpyrifos and diazinon were 0.0160min$\^$-1/ and 0.0180min$\^$-1/, respectively. NO$_3$$\^$-/, PO$_4$$\^$3-/, SO$_4$$\^$2-/ and Cl$\^$-/ were found as end products on the photocatalytic degradation of chlorpyrifos and diazinon with TiO$_2$/UV.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.94-96
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• 2024

트리아졸계 살균제인 플루퀸코나졸을 분해할 수 있는 Pseudarthrobacter sp. IC2-21 균주는 이천 지역의 비닐하우스 토양으로부터 분리하였다. IC2-21 균주의 전체 염기서열을 분석한 결과, 4,265,009 bps를 가진 단일 환형 염색체로서 G+C 함량은 65.4%로 구성되었다. 이유전체는 3,884개의 단백질을 암호하는 염기서열을 가졌으며, 12개의 rRNA와 51개의 tRNA 유전자를 포함한다. 염기서열 분석 결과, IC2-21 균주는 플루퀸코나졸의 분해에 관여하는 효소인 oxygenase를 암호화하는 유전자를 가졌음을 밝혔다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.31-34
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• 1993

There is a growing concern in the United Stares over the environmental and human health implications associated with heavy use of water, pesticides, and inorganic ferilizers in maintaining picture perfect golf courses. There is also a growing awareness that a beautiful course is not necessarily a healthy course. The following discussion reviews the interrelationship of turfgrass and the soil that supports it and provides basic information on currently available alternatives to turf management practices that feature intensive application of inorganic fertilizers. water and pesticides. Soil is a dynamic natural environment in which microorganisms play an important role. Soil contains a large mass of microorganisms which produce thousands of enzymes that can catalyze the transformation and degradation of many organic molecules. (In top soil under optimum conditions may contain 10 billion cells per gram of soil.). Turfgrass and the soil which supports it are interdependent. The natural organic cycle as applied to turf and soil begins with healthy vigorous grass plants storing up the sun's energy in green plant tissues as chemical energy. Animals obtain energy by eating plants and when plants and animals die, their wastes are returned to the soil and provide "food" for soil microorganisms. In the next step of the organic cycle soil microorganisms break down complex plant tissues into more basic forms and make the nutrients available to grass roots. Finally, growing plants extract the available nutrients from the soil. By free operation of this organic cycle, natural grasslands have some of the most fertile soils on earths.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.93-98
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• 1982

농약의 사용량이 급격히 증가함에 따른 농약의 자연 환경에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고 농약의 안전성 평가에 관한 연구방법을 정립하기 위하여 우리나라에서 많이 쓰이고 있는 수도용농약중 살균제인 후치왕(Fujione, Isoprothiolane)과 살충제인 오트란(Ortran, Acephate)의 토양에서의 잔류성과 수도작물에의 잔류성에 대해 포장실험 및 실험실적 방법으로 조사하였다. 벼, 볏짚, 현미 및 백미에서의 농약의 잔류 또는 농약의 처리된 횟수에 따라 다르게 나타났는데 후치왕의 경우 백미중 농약 함양은 $0.07{\sim}0.09ppm$ 이었고 오트란은 $0.01{\sim}0.53ppm$이었다. 또한 후치왕의 반감기는 실험실적인 방법으로 호기조건하에서 30일, 담수조건하에서 150일인데 반해 포장에서는 약 100일로 나타났다. 오트란의 경우는 호기, 담수조건하에서 각각 $3{\sim}4$일, $13{\sim}14$일이었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2005

In order to know the residual pattern of pesticides and predict to the degradation period until below MRL, we experimented diazinon, iprodinon and chlorfenapyr for shallot. They were the most detected pesticide in shallot by NAQS (National Agricultural product Quality management Service) survey. In this experiment, we sprayed those pesticides 15days before harvest and analyzed 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14 day sample to establish logical equation and to calculate $DT_{50}$. During the cultivating period, the residue amount of diazinon was changed from 1.02 mg/kg (0 day) to 0.01 mg/kg (14 day), $DT_{50}$ was 2.19 days, and iprodione was changed from 1.45 mg/kg (0 day) to 0.14 mg/kg (14 day), $DT_{50}$ was 4.15 days, and chlorfenapyr was changed from 1.5 mg/kg (0 day) to 0.01 mg/kg (14 day), $DT_{50}$ was 1.97 days. The $DT_{50}$ of double amount in those pesticides, diazinon was 2.24 days, iprodione was 4.82 days, and chlorfenapyr was 2.24 days, respectively.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2009

The citrus fruits were irradiated at different doses (25~200 kGy) to remove pesticides such as diuron, dichlorbenil, trifluralin, dimetoate, chlorothalonil, fenitrothion, bromacil, phenthoate and norflurazon, and the rates of degradation were detected by using gas chromatography electron capture detector (GC-ECD). The limit of detection (LOD) was in the range of 0.007~0.105 ppm. The limit of quantification (LOQ) was in the range of 0.024~0.352 ppm, and the recoveries of 9 pesticides were in the range of 71.5~106.5%. The results demonstrated that the ${\gamma}$-irradiation was effective method to remove pesticides such as diuron, dichlorbenil, trifluralin, dimetoate, chlorothalonil, fenitrothion, and norflurazon. However, the bromacil and phenthoate showed lower removal rates in the rate of 40.5 and 54.8%, respectively, at 200 kGy irradiation.