• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.29
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• pp.25-53
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• 2012

The attitude of observer in the painting of history is to exclude a prejudice and a subjective view of an artist and to introduce a photograph, which is a record of objectivity, in the process of painting. Its ultimate intent is to redescribe the fact of an event's image intactly without any prejudice and to represent the event as a proven evidence that it was. The representation of history based on fact had already been conceived in imagination of renowned artists such as Francisco Goya or $Th{\acute{e}}odore$ $G{\acute{e}}ricault$ even before cameras were invented. What they portrayed was their own truth of reality which is gained through their observation, not a history that have corresponded to political ideologies, for all reliance on a limited tool of representation, painting. Furthermore, history was necessary for 19th century impressionism artists to be represented under proven fact in a neutral perspective excluding all subjective prejudice, not based on the representation with imagination. Edouard Manet in particular reconstited an instant moment on the basis of real proof of photograph without personal prejudice or opinion as if today's photojournalism. The catastrophic series by Andy Warhol and the photographic painting by Gerhard Richter show another role of painting in the realm of art, each of them implying information distortion and abuse by current media and intentional deformation toward history as Manet's painting of history. Today, the representation of an historical event that we experience in the era of the Internet and social networks having a great deal of information already came to be the exclusive property of the cutting edge mass media. Nevertheless, the attitude of observer which is realistic and contemplative in the realm of art is the crucial point in terms of artists' act as ever.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.85-106
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the concept and definition of fake news focusing on misinformation/false information and is to examine the ways in which our society can respond to the distortion of social reality and damage to democracy caused by information distortion such as fake news. To do this, the concept of fake news was examined based on the level of facticity and intention to device, and our social environment in which fake news was created and spread was examined from the perspective of datafication. In this environment, the library community, which plays a pivotal role in human access to and use of information, argued that it should strive to establish and provide universal literacy education in order to realize the Sustainable Development Goals of the UN 2030 agenda. The core of universal literacy education is to understand the society by investigating and analyzing data communication types according to the degree of datafication and the political, economic, social, and cultural background of society. For this reason, it was concluded that universal literacy should be implemented flexibly according to the degree of datafiation and users of each society.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1101-1108
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• 2012

In this paper, we proposed an algorithm for real-time lane detecting against luminance variation using morphological image processing and edge-based region segmentation. In order to apply the most appropriate threshold value, the adaptive threshold was used in every frame, and perspective transform was applied to correct image distortion. After that, we designated ROI for detecting the only lane and established standard to limit region of ROI. We compared performance about the accuracy and speed when we used morphological method and do not used. Experimental result showed that the proposed algorithm improved the accuracy to 98.8% of detection rate and speed of 36.72ms per frame with the morphological method.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.75-81
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• 2024

This paper focuses on developing a first-person 3D game to provide extreme fear to players through realistic camera direction utilizing the features of action cameras. As a new camera production technique, we introduce perspective distortion using a wide-angle lens and camera shake when moving to provide higher immersion than existing games. The theme of the game is horror room escape, and the player starts with a firearm, but in order to overcome the concern that the game's difficulty is low due to the use of firearms, the player is asked to control the use of firearms by imposing burdens such as chasing monsters and reducing the number of magazines. The significance of this paper is that we developed a new type of 3D game that maximizes the fear effect of players through realistic production.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose the digital image enhancement method including local tone reproduction and preservation of the hue. In recent studies, an integrated multi-scale retinex (IMSR) has produced great naturalness in the resulting images through enhancement of visibility in dark area in input images. However, most methods, including IMSR, work in RGB color spaces. As such, this produces hue distortion from the perspective of the human visual system, that is, hue distortion in CIELAB color space. Accordingly, this paper proposes an tone reproduction and enhancement of saturation method in a device-independent color space, CIELAB, to preserve the hue and obtain a high contrast and naturalness. First, to achieve the desired objectives, the IMSR is then applied to only the $L^*$ values in CIELAB color space, normalization, and simple mapping function, thereby preserving the balance of the color components and enhancement of visibility. Then, saturation adjustment is performed by applying the ratio of the chroma variation at the sRGB gamut boundary according to the corrected luminance. In experiments, the proposed method is shown to improve the visibility in dark shadows and bright regions in the resulting images and reduce any color distortion then preference test are performed.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.843-853
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• 2010

A successful deployment of multimedia applications over wireless environments entails improving the quality of service (QoS), not only from a technical point of view, but also considering the quality of experience (QoE) from the final user's perception. Although objective QoE measure models avoid the difficulties of subjective surveys, subjective QoE assessments are essential to understand the way users evaluate the QoS. In this work, we study the effect of a wide range of parameters on the QoE of VVoIP applications in a real wireless scenario. Through a complete statistical analysis of users' ratings, we identify the following facts. Although the use of VVoIP in wireless networks does not yet represent an advantage for users, there are great expectations for all applications under study, and with greater popularity comes higher expectations. It is easier for respondents to identify good behavior than poor behavior. Whereas the respondents' frequency of Internet use does not impact on the scores, respondents' gender does. Finally, the most determining parameters of quality from a user's perspective were instability, video quality, voice distortion, usefulness, and graphical interface.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.152-156
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• 2011

AVM(Around View Monitoring) 시스템은 차량 주변에 대한 영상을 운전자에게 제공함으로써 안전 운전을 도와주는 시스템이다. 측면 거울이나 실내 거울을 통해서 볼 수 없는 사각 지대는 운전자의 안전 운행에 위협이 된다. 사각지대는 특히 후진 주행, 주차, 좁은 골목길 주행, 굽은 길 회전 등에서 차량 파손 및 인사 사고의 원인이 된다. 이러한 위험을 피하기 위해 후방의 장애물을 감지하는 후방 센서나 후방 카메라 등과 같은 운전자의 시야를 개선하는 ECU들이 개발되어 사용되고 있다. 이러한 ECU들의 도움을 받더라도 차량의 전, 후, 좌, 우 사방의 상황을 동시에 볼 수 없기 때문에 사고를 피하기 위해 운전자들은 주의를 기울여 운전해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 운전자의 안전 운행을 돕기 위해 차량 주변 영상을 실시간으로 제공하는 4SM 시스템을 설계하고 구현한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 4SM 시스템은 차량의 전, 후, 좌, 우에 장착된 4대의 카메라로부터 입력된 영상을 통합하여 Bird's Eye View 영상을 운전자가 한 눈에 차량 주변 상황을 인식할 수 있도록 한다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.5A
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• pp.355-362
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• 2009

In real-time communication services, delay constraints are among the most important QoS (Quality of Service) factors. In particular, it is difficult to guarantee the delay requirement over wireless channels, since they exhibit dynamic time-varying behavior and even severe burst-errors during periods of deep fading. Channel throughput may be increased, but at the cost of the additional delays when ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request) schemes are used. For real-time communication services, it is very essential to predict data deliverability. This paper derives the delay distribution and the successful delivery probability within a given delay budget using a priori channel model and a posteriori information from the perspective of queueing theory. The Gilbert-Elliot burst-noise channel is employed as an a Priori channel model, where a two-state Markov-modulated Bernoulli process $(MMBP_2)$ is used. for a posteriori information, the channel parameters, the queue-length and the initial channel state are assumed to be given. The numerical derivation is verified and analyzed via Monte Carlo simulations. This numerical derivation is then applied to a rate control scheme for real-time video transmission, where an optimal encoding rate is determined based on the future channel capacity and the distortion of the reconstructed pictures.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.558-564
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• 2018

In distributed estimation where each node can collect only partial information on the parameter of interest without communication between nodes and quantize it before transmission to a fusion node which conducts estimation of the parameter, we consider a novel quantization technique employed at local nodes. It should be noted that the performance can be greatly improved if each node can transmit its measurement to one designated node (namely, head node) which can quantize its estimate using the total rate available in the system. For this case, the best strategy at the head node would be simply to partition the parameter space using the generalized Lloyd algorithm, producing the global codewords, one of which is closest to the estimate is transmitted to a fusion node. In this paper, we propose an iterative design algorithm that seeks to efficiently assign the codewords into each of quantization partitions at nodes so as to achieve the performance close to that of the system with the head node. We show through extensive experiments that the proposed algorithm offers a performance improvement in rate-distortion perspective as compared with previous novel techniques.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.65 no.6
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• pp.987-994
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• 2016

In this paper, we present a comparative analysis of surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motors (SPMSM) and interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSM). First, we use 2D finite element analysis (FEA) to analyze models satisfying the same rated conditions according to the torque-speed curve characteristics, which are determined from the operating conditions. Next, we manufacture an SPMSM and IPMSM having good performances from an electromagnetic perspective based on analysis results, namely the cogging torque, torque ripple, and efficiency. We analyze both of the manufactured machines when they are connected back-to-back and when they are used as a motor and a generator, respectively. The motor is driven by a commercial inverter and the generator is connected to a three-phase resistance load bank. Finally, based on experimental results, which include the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the back electro-motive force (EMF), cogging torque, efficiency, and mass, we determine the motor that is most suitable under requirements.