• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.415-435
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate conceptual constructions which determined financial preparedness for retirement. This study was guided by two theoretical frameworks, planned behavior theory and hierarchical personality model. Based on two theories, the conceptual framework which aimed to explain financial preparedness for retirement were formulated. Data from 'The health and welfare profile of the elderly aged 65 and or older in Chung-choo city' was analyzed. The subjects consisted of 87 economically active elderly population. Structure equation model was employed for statistical analyses. The results of structure equation model revealed that the casual relationship between the level of perceived financial-planning knowledge and the level of financial preparedness for retirement was statistically significant. Also, the hypothesized structural model for financial preparedness for retirement had the good model fit. Implications for social work practice from this study were discussed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.131-143
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• 1974

Antenatal care is zoomed toward3 assisting the Individual to achieve safe and wholesome state of health during pregnancy. Nature of fear is assumed to be rooted to complex interaction between past experiences, human relationship and present state of health, however. specific relationship between fear and the variables have not yet been ascertained. This study is designed to investigate the nature of fear of pregnancy, and the correlation between fear and the personal and environmental variables such as personal characteristics past experiences. and psycho-social factors. During the period from October 23 to November 5, 215 pregnant and 104 non-pregnant women of similar chronological are group residing in Seoul were interviewed according to check-list by random General anxiety test, general personality test and test for fear of pregnancy, family according to specific variables such as past experiences of Pregnancy and childbirth, structure of family, family relationship and month of pregnancy was done to the group of pregnant women. To non-pregnant group, general anxiety test was performed to compare with pregnant group. Results of the study are as follows; 1. Hypothesis 1; Degree of general anxiety will be higher e pregnant women compared to that of non-pregnant women. There is no significant difference between the general anxiety of pregnant women and that of non-pregnant women. Therefore, hypothesis I is rejected. 2. Hypothesis 2: Fear of pregnancy and general anxiety will be correlated with personality factors. Through test for fear of pregnancy and general anxiety, a meager contra-correlation between fear and only two personal factors (R and E factor) is revealed but there is no significant correlation between fear and other personal factors (A.S. and T factor). Degree of fear of pregnancy tends to b: higher in the group with low personality factors; responsibility and emotional stability expect the correlation between ascendancy, sociability, and confidence-inferiority. non-significant. Through general anxiety test, level of general anxiety tends to be higher in the group. with low personality factors; responsibility. emotional stability, and confidence except ascendency and sociability, non-significant. Hypothesis 2 is partially supported. 3. Hypothesis 3; General anxiety and fear of pregnancy will be correlated with the past experience-ol pregnancy, and child-birth experience. Though general anxiety test and test for fear of pregnancy, non-significant difference is revealed by P〉.05 level Hypothesis 3 is rejected. 4. Hypothesis 4: General anxiety and fear of pregnancy will be correlated with the month at pregnancy will be correlated with the month of pregnancy. Through tests of general anxiety and fear, significant correlation is revealed degree of fear by-P〈.05 level (CR=1.98) and level of general anxiety by P〈.005 level (CR=3. 11) is higher in the earlier stage of pregnancy. Hypothesis 4 is supported. 5. Hypothesis 5, 6, 7; General anxiety and fear of pregnancy will be correlated with socio-economic status, family structure, and family relationship. Through general anxiety test and tear of pregnancy test, non-significant is revealed by P〉.05 level. Hypothesis 3.6.7 are rejected. Conclusion and recommendation Level of general: anxiety and degree of fear of pregnancy is shown not to be correlated with variables of past experiencers of pregnancy and child-birth. and family factors except the month of - pregnancy. Personal characteristics are shown to be partially contra-correlated meagerly with genera anxiety and fear of pregnancy. This study revealed contrasted results, in regard to presence of correlation between general anxiety and fear of pregnancy to other thesis. In this context. further studies under controlled environment is recommended.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.149-155
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to create a program that will revitalize as an autonomous person through dialogue training that integrates reason and emotion when the personality formed as a child does not help life and growth of reality. The research method is to analyze the current personality as five ego states and find a way to correct or complement the result. Study results found a way to complement the external ego states shown in the state to self-activation techniques, The inner part is to achieve autonomy through the change of Trinity, the ultimate goal of change of Transactional Analysis(TA) namely, the change of three abilities: self-awareness, spontaneity, and intimacy. This is the ability to use all the resources of an individual to solve problems, or to make recovery look real.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.171-190
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• 2011

Shakespeare's plays deploy an interesting array of food signs in a way to illuminate the historical process of what Stephen Mennell has described as "the civilizing of appetite"-a process in which the changes of food choices and eating habits took place in response to the changes in people's way of life and personality structure over the long-term modern period since the middle ages. Shakespeare's plays suggest that the civilizing of appetite in early modern England was heavily affected by the forces of social mobility as well as the nascent market economy. The Capulets' costly preparation of Juliet's wedding banquet is a showcase of conspicuous consumption which was a structural necessity for the ruling class in Shakespeare's time. Some fifteen years later, the same kinds of foodstuffs are included in a shepherd's shopping list for the sheepshearing festival in Winter's Tale. This is a significant coincidence to prove that food was an important source of emulation and contest among different social classes; and that the rich diet of the upper class gave impetus to social mobility. The Elizabethan subjects, especially among the elite noblemen, were interpellated by the ideology of food that equated the quality of food and the eater's social identity. Faced with bankruptcy as a consequence of his extravagant consumption habit, Bassanio in The Merchant of Venice testifies to the gripping ideology of food onto early modern people, while Poor Tom in King Lear presents a comic parody of the rich people's conspicuous waste. Also in Coriolanus and The Merry Wives of Winsor, Shakespeare uses food as a metaphor for class-motivated social struggles.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.43-59
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to review Korean literature concerning sibling relationships during the last three decades and investigate facts and trends, research issues, and pragmatic and policy issues related to sibling relationship development. Most of the past research has been concerned with the effects of sibling status/structure variables on siblings' individual differences in intellectual, social and personality characteristics. In recent years, however, considerable attention has been focused on the interpersonal relationships between siblings and the factors influencing such relationships. More specifically, sibling relationships and adjustment of siblings of children with disabilities begin to draw attention of researchers and practitioners. This review consists mainly of two parts : one on siblings of children with no disabilities and the other on siblings with one disabled child.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.55-64
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• 1992

Officers and ratings as a group might show differences in some aspects of personality , human relations, job attitudes, perception of business environment and surrounding organizational structure. It has been traditionally believed that licenced-officers are required to have nicely-paired leadership and dignity , and ratings obedience in maritime field. This survey revealed that officers and ratings have some differences in the actual behavior, knowledge , understanding attitude etc., In summary , officers as a superstructure of merchant ship's orgnaization are different, to some degree, from ratings as an infrastructure in several aspects. Officers are believed to have the characteristics of maturity by taking concern of business environment , social circumstance away from the vessels which they are on board. In contrast, ratings are greatly interested in the surrounding environment associated with themselves, and also experiencing alienation and technology.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.374-381
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• 2022

The article identifies and theoretically substantiates the trends of national resilience in the context of establishing the security of the country and its civilizational subjectivity. The strategy of development of the pedagogical university in the conditions of European integration into the European educational and scientific space based on certain characterological features of the personality of the volunteer in the context of allocation of personal resilience is developed. The analysis of both external and internal challenges and threats to the civilization of the country needs to be understood in the context of economic, socio-political, legal, military-political, spiritual-cultural, educational-scientific and network-information resilience. The concepts of "national resilience" and "national security" are quite close - at first glance, even identical. However, a deeper understanding clarifies the differences: national security is a state of protection of the country identity and its very existence, the realization of its national interests. In turn, resilience is a fairly effective strategy and a fundamental guarantee of national security. At the same time, it is extremely important to understand that both national security as a state and national resilience as a strategy are only means of achieving and developing a strong and humanistic civilizational subjectivity of the country. After all, such subjectivity opens for citizens the opportunity for development, dignified self-realization and a proper life. The restructuring of the volunteer's motivational sphere is due to the dominance of such leading motives, which are focused mainly on maintaining and restoring health, which leads to distorted meaningful life goals: isolation, alienation, passivity, inertia, reduced activity, limited communication, etc. The characteristics of relatively stable human behavior include several primary and secondary properties. The primary (relevant) properties include patience, trust, hope, faith, confidence, determination, perseverance, and love; the secondary - punctuality, neatness, obedience, honesty, loyalty, justice, diligence, thrift, accuracy, conscientiousness, obligation, etc. The restructuring of the volunteer's motivational sphere is due to the dominance of such leading motives, which are focused mainly on maintaining and restoring health, which leads to distorted meaningful life goals: isolation, alienation, passivity, inertia, reduced activity, limited communication, etc. The characteristics of relatively stable human behavior include several primary and secondary properties. The primary (relevant) properties include patience, trust, hope, faith, confidence, determination, perseverance, and love; the secondary - punctuality, neatness, obedience, honesty, loyalty, justice, diligence, thrift, accuracy, conscientiousness, obligation, etc. The use of information and communication technologies in volunteering will contribute to the formation of resilience traits in the structure of personality formation. Directly to the personal traits of resilience should be included methodological competencies, which include methodological knowledge, skills and abilities (ability to define ultimate and intermediate goals, plan, conduct and analyze knowledge, establish and implement interdisciplinary links with disciplines of medical-psychological-pedagogical cycles, etc.). All these competencies form the professional resilience of the volunteer.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.483-493
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• 2001

This study is attempted to define risk factor of youth runaway impulse and to structure forecast model through an extensive analysis of the factors influencing the runaway impulse of youth. The subjects were 610 high school students in Seoul and Kyunggido. The collected data was analysed by SAS. The differences between the runaway impulse group and the non-runaway impulse group were subject to chi-square and t-test. Also logistic regression analysis was conducted on the basis of purposeful selection method for constructing the forecast model. The findings are as follows : the major predicting factors of youth runaway impulse are sex(odds ratio=1.886, p=.009), existence of friends of the opposit sex(odds ratio=2.011, p=.007), anti-social personality(odds ratio= 4.953, p=.000), depressive trend(odds ratio= 2.695, p=.000), family structure(odds ratio= 5.381, p=.000), marital relationship(odds ratio =1.893, p=.009) and also between parents and youth(odds ratio=3.877, p=.000), emotional abuse(odds ratio=1.963, p=.003), authoritative controlled rearing(odds ratio=2.135, p=.005) and stress from school(odds ratio=1.924, p=.008). Therefore, the forecast model will be contribute to the nursing intervention for prevention of runaway youth.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.71-81
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• 2019

To extend the potential benefits of error, the current study examined factors that affect students' error perception in the classroom. An experimental design was used to measure relations of classroom goal structure, feedback, and social relationships on students' perception of error. A total of 316 fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-grade elementary students participated as part of their regular class curriculum. Self-reported questionnaires were administered to measure students' perception of errors and relationships with teacher and peers, and then students were manipulated by classroom goal structure and feedback. Multiple regression analysis results suggested that students' perception of learning from error was affected mostly by relationships with peers, followed by relationships with teacher and the type of feedback. Students' perception of risk taking for error was also affected by relationships with peers and teacher, followed by the classroom goal structure. However, classroom goal structure and feedback did not affect their perception of thinking about error to improve their learning as well as error strain. These results imply how the classroom climate should be structured to improve perception of errors to improve student's learning.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.43
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• pp.131-156
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• 2000

It is recognized that one of the major issues in jail management is responding to the needs of a growing number of inmates with mental health problems. The purpose of this study was to assess the nature and severity of mental health problems among inmate population. The mental health status of 1,500 (1,337 responded) inmates of the 30 prisons located in nationwide area was examined using Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). And the scores on MMPI were examined in relation to some offender characteristics such as type of offence, treatment classification, frequence of discipline. The result indicates that the percentage of inmate population with scores over 70 on every sub-categories of the scale is higher than that of general populations reflecting high rate of deviation from average normal mental health. It seems likely that many of inmates are in need of specific mental health treatment services. The nature and severity of mental health problems varies depending on offender characteristics above mentioned. It is also notable that the inmates are heterogeneous in terms of mental health status, and that severe offences such as robbery, assault, and rape or sexual assault are highly related to the scores on 'antisocial' sub category. The study also reveals that there is a relation, if not causal, between mental health problem and frequency of discipline while in prison. Under basis of these findings, this study concludes that a number of inmates in our prison have mental health problems requiring mental health treatment services and suggests five key steps to effectively respond to the prevalence of mental health problems in prison at both the level of the clinical interventions and at the level of system structure and organization. Specially, the importance of collaborative service strategies of the correctional system with mental health systems are underlined.