• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.717-728
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• 2016

This study examined the factors for feelings of emptiness on Facebook use, and how these feelings are related to the user's personal attributes and the addiction to Facebook usage. For analysis, the factors for feelings of emptiness on Facebook use among college students were measured and a questionnaire was developed. After analysis, 3 factors were identified: 'isolation and loneliness', 'self-regulation disorder', and 'unreality'. Then, variables influencing the feelings of emptiness were identified. Among big 5 personalities, neuroticism, agreeableness, and openness to experience were related to the factors for feelings of emptiness. The study also found that motivations such as 'self-disclosure' and 'social pressure from others' tended to enhance the feelings of emptiness. Finally, the study examined the relationship between feelings of emptiness on Facebook use and the addiction to it. Factors of 'isolation and loneliness' and 'unreality' revealed more addiction tendency on Facebook.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2014

In this study we focus on the effect of the interaction between humans and reactive television when emotion recognition through facial expression mechanism is used. Most of today's user interfaces in electronic products are passive and are not properly fitted into users' needs. In terms of the user centered device, we propose that the emotion based reactive television is the most effective in interaction compared to other passive input products. We have developed and researched next generation cognitive TV models in user centered. In this paper we present a result of the experiment that had been taken with Fraunhofer IIS $SHORE^{TM}$ demo software version to measure emotion recognition. This new approach was based on the real time cognitive TV models and through this approach we studied the relationship between humans and cognitive TV. This study follows following steps: 1) Cognitive TV systems can be on automatic ON/OFF mode responding to motions of people 2) Cognitive TV can directly select channels as face changes (ex, Neutral Mode and Happy Mode, Sad Mode, Angry Mode) 3) Cognitive TV can detect emotion recognition from facial expression of people within the fixed time and then if Happy mode is detected the programs of TV would be shifted into funny or interesting shows and if Angry mode is detected it would be changed to moving or touching shows. In addition, we focus on improving the emotion recognition through facial expression. Furthermore, the improvement of cognition TV based on personal characteristics is needed for the different personality of users in human to computer interaction. In this manner, the study on how people feel and how cognitive TV responds accordingly, plus the effects of media as cognitive mechanism will be thoroughly discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.52 no.8
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• pp.137-149
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• 2002

This study was made to investigate the differences in Korean woman's perceived makeup image and self-consciousness according to their expectation level in socio-psychological effect of makeup, and to gather information needed for the better understanding of cosmetics consumers and more effective marketing activities of cosmetics industries. Normative-descriptive survey method using questionnaire was employed for the present study. The survey was conducted in August 2001 and the sample consisted of 942 women between the ages of 18 and 50 residing in Seoul and Kyungi province. Data were analyzed by SPSS package. Factor analysis, ANOVA, and MANOVA were employed for the analysis of the data. The results are as follows : (1) Six factors emerged from the data related to the category of expected socio-psychological effect of makeup. Those factors were named as "increasing positiveness", "refreshment", "covering weakness", "self-expression", "consideration for others", and "the tool for self-change". Four factors were found in the category of makeup image, and the factors were named as "refinement", "nobility", "favorable impression ", and "personality ". (2) There was a tendency that those who highly expect the socio-psychological effect of makeup have more positive self-image. Considering this differences in self-image according to the level of expected socio-psychological effect of makeup. service activities for the consumers' positive opinion and attitude to the effect of makeup are needed, and it seems that those service activities will have a good influence on the consumers' emotional health. (3) Subjects with higher level of social anxiety showed higher expectations in refreshment, covering weakness and self-expression. Considering this trend, marketers have to make an constant effort for the variety of cosmetics and makeup manner by which consumers satisfy their expectation in makeup. It seems that the satisfaction of their expectation on the help of makeup effect will contribute to lessen social anxiety, and to get emotional stability. (4) Subjects with higher personal self-anxiety showed higher expectations of the effect. "increase of positiveness". Therefore, if the product advertisement imply the content of increasing positiveness effect of makeup, it might appeal more easily to their consumers.imply the content of increasing positiveness effect of makeup, it might appeal more easily to their consumers.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.245-251
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• 2020

This study aims to investigate whether financial literacy, parental socialization, peer influence and self-control have a significant impact on money management among students of a Malaysian public university. In most settings, the studies on the determinants of personal saving behavior among university students focus on personality factors, attitudes toward money and possessions, and financial knowledge as predictors of money management behavior. Primary data are collected using a self-administered questionnaire with the samples comprised 186 students. The findings show that all the financial literacy and parent socialization have a positive relationship with money management; meanwhile, peer influences and self-control have a negative relationship with money management. This is because the majority of students admit they cannot control their self in managing their money. In this study, parent socialization has a significant relationship with money management which signifies that parents are playing essential roles in ensuring their children to establish money management. In practical, this study can contribute to the parents in providing their children to foster sound money management. Besides, Perbadanan Tabung Pendidikan Tinggi Nasional (National Higher Education Fund Corporation) PTPTN should monitor the loan, and management process and arrange motivational program so that students can more focus on the educational expense.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.104-116
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• 2017

People tend to maintain and express their individuality in unique ways. Consumer's need for uniqueness is defined as an individual's pursuit that differentiates themselves from others, thereby developing and enhancing their personal identities. This study examined the effect of consumers' need for uniqueness on fashion orientation and consumption values. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey distributed to people visiting the fashion show center during Seoul Fashion Week. The survey questions were designed using the 5-point Likert scale and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ value of questions was reliable as .628-.862. The study's results indicate that people with high need for uniqueness are very interested in fashion and think that is important to be well-dressed. In addition, the results suggest that people with high needs for unusual choices who enjoy challenging the prevailing taste of people want to be fashion leaders and are attracted to products that express their personality well. And people with high needs for creative choices and incompliant choices value their own satisfaction and happiness with the products. On the other hand, consumer's needs for incompliant choices have a negative effect on social value. As a result, people with high needs for incompliant choices would break social norms rather than consider social status and reputation when they purchase fashion products. The concluding section of the paper discusses the implications of this research for fashion companies.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.364-376
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• 1994

This study was initiated to find the characteristic awareness of disease in Korean culture and then, with its applying to psychological nursing, to help cancer victims cope with their disease. Research period was from Dec. 1, 1989 to Aug.3, 1992. The research method, while the method of face-to-face interview with 33 cancer victims were mainly adopted, was to identify the causal perception through analyses of literature and traditional sayings deeply rooted in Korean culture. The causal perceptions were differentiated into 4 sections, which apply to 32 cancer victims with Q-sorting. Be-ing coded into grades from 1 to 9, the data were analyzed with the aid of Quanal program on PC ; in analyzing Q-factor principal component analysis method was used. The results were revealed as follows : 1. Subject victims owe their disease to 1) the omnipotent and animating powers in Shamanism rooted in Korean culture, 2) their intimate persons, i.e. their husband, wife, children, or other fellows ameng their groups. 3) victims themselves, and 4) nowhere, for they thought the disease is the struggle with their own self. 2. In Q-methodology analysis, cancer victims are categorized into 5 types. The first type, self-mastery type, consisting of 11 subjects, has the characteristic of overcoming their disease with their own strong will or by the help of the Omnipotent God, which is estimated to be the ideal type to cope with the disease. The second type, omnipotent & animating powers-dependent type, consisted of 7 subjects, who have the causal perception of traditional shamanism. The third type, intimate person-dependent type, consisted of 4, all of whom are women and whose causal perception has the characteristic of the their complains about each member of their family, espectially about their husband. The fourth type, fate-recipient type, was the com-plex form of the first and the second types. It consisted of 6 subjects, to whom cancer had meant bad fate coming on them but had to be overcome by their strong will. The fifth type, personal type, consisted of 4, whose causal perception is toward themselves personality It is hoped that the study provide the chance of developing nursing intervention to help cancer victims accept and overcome their disease as their own reality instead of attributing to anyone or any-thing else.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.189-201
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• 2007

Contemporary young people reveal their own personal values through the fashion that creates visual looks. Since 2000s began, young generations who are self-centered, value their own personality and constantly seek for changes form the main axis of fashion. In particular, the lower half of the body that has begun to be exposed outward has become the region that they want to expose as more ideal region than the upper half of the body. Further, young generations always have interest in fashion, and female college students in their early 20s are regarded as the group that values the aspects of pleasure that involve clothes and tends to seek sensibility when purchasing clothes. With this background, this study aims to examine how the styles that apply to modern fashion and recent vogues are evaluated with a focus on skinny jean from jean pants styles preferred by female college students. Materials regarding theoretical background and photos were collected from fashion related magazines at home and abroad and from the Internet websites. Questionnaires were surveyed for 160 female college students aged 20 or 25 who live in Seoul, and the results show as follows: Many female college students enjoy skinny jean and follow the fashion. However there are consumers who cling to their own styles even in the fashion of skinny jen. Ironically, some consumers wear it although they consider it as an item that does not fit Koreans: they tend to consider perspectives from others rather than their own preferences. For example, they wear it in order to show it to their boy friends or because they want themselves to look slim. In addition consumers seem to use Dongdaemun Shopping Mall or Internet shopping malls that provide various and low-priced items rather than to use high-priced famous products. It is considered that this result is shown as above because the scope of the study was restricted to female college students in their 20s. Accordingly, it is suggested that further studies should extend their subjects to wider range of ages.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.27
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• pp.183-212
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• 2004

Mobile phone media have extended the terrain of human communication. Starting from the notion of McLuhan, this study suggests that the extension of human communication is a concept of multiple dimension, such as 'extension of function' and 'extension of ego' Mobile phone speed the pare and efficiency of life, but also allow more flexibility at business and professional levels as well as family and personal life. On the other hand, mobile phone is also conceived as a personality kit, that is as a symbol of user's identity. So we ran classify the mobile phone users as a typology of motivation. Group I, entitled 'hyper-coordination', has high instrumental and high expressive motivation. Group II(='instrumental') is high instrumental but low expressive. Group III(='expressive') is low instrumental and high expressive, and Group IV(='minimal') is low in both instrumentality and expressiveness of mobile phone use. Then would the hyper-coordination group have different usage pattern with the other groups? A sample of 482 university students completed survey questionnaire. , which states hyper-coordination group would most frequently make calls and text, and have largest extensity and variety of usage, is supported statistically. states that hyper-coordination group would have larger and deeper social network than the other groups. This hypothesis is also supported with statistics.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.73-102
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to identify the specific and empirical contents in terms of first-married stepmother about her stress and efforts to adapt to her stepfamily. This studies relied on the qualitative research method in order to approach stepmother's subjective experience. There were 6 stepmother respondents who were 6 first-marrieds living in Seoul or Kyoungki area. The data was collected by in-depth personal interview.‘Open coding process’, a part of grounded theory procedures were used to analyzed the data. The major findings can be summarized as follows: 1. When focused o stressors, the stress of stepmothers were categorized into 4 categories. Those were the following: 1 When focused on stressors, the stress of stepmothers were categorized into 4 categories. Those were the following: (1) Stepmother's own problem such as stepmother' identity problem; (2) Problems within stepfamily such as problems about relations with husbands, stepchildren, and her own children; (3) Problems of stepmother family's kin such as relational problems with former spouses, in-laws, and her parent; (4) Problems of social relationship such as isolation and alienation in social relationship and neighbors' prejudice about stepmother. 2. In overcoming stress from stepfamily life and adapting to it, 4 categories were identified as important. Contents of 4 categories were such like this: (1) Stepmother's own efforts - (a) give a positive meaning to marriage or remarriage (b) flexible personality (c) situation-accepting attitude (d) exclusive management of household income (e) job (f) perseverance for time to adaptation; (2) Positive feedback within stepfamily - (a) supportive husband (b) sense of unity as a couple (c) psychological reward from stepchildren (d) existence of stepmother's own child (e) behavior for family solidarity (f) family-centered religious life; (3) Stepfamily's relationship with former spouses such as breakdown in relationship with ex-wives or ex-husbands; (4) Support from stepmothers' kin and people in social network with stepmothers. It was concluded that to reduce stress and to help adapt to stepfamily, stepmother should make an effort, and that her stepfamily and her kin should cooperate and support. In addition, negative stereotype of stepmother and stepfamily should disappeared. It was suggested that studies on stepfamily should be vitalized and that programs for preparing remarriage and counseling for stepfamily should be spread.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.183-190
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze social, economic and cultural phenomena of the luxury brand in the viewpoint that the consumption system of the modern society stood for the sign consumption and the industrial production of difference as Baudrillard mentioned in the Consumer Society. The result was divided into the two subjects popularization and differentiation of luxury brand. Firstly the meaning of luxury brand was that the personal effects of consumption of king or aristocratic class who did not exist in the modern and were made into the selection and consumption-possible things of exchange value. The popularization of this sign was accelerated through TV drama. Secondly as differentiation strategy of luxury brand, was made by giving meaning to the life style concept of the upper class with advertisement and design, and also the logo of design was used as sign differentiated from people. Also the reason why the producer of the luxury brand gave meaning to such life style was that the awareness of the brand which people have consistently makes them consume more products. The consumption system of the modern society stood for the sign consumption, difference sign mark value which was the desire on a social meaning basis, not the consumption of things as used value. And the consumer could express his personality by selecting and consuming the product of luxury brand model made with this sign. Accordingly the distribution, purchase, sales and acquisition of the things with this difference sign were our verbal activity and linguistic code today, and it was the essential feature of the society, culture and economy of the consumer society.