• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.17-24
• /
• 2000

Objectives : To propose the referential data to evaluate the health impacts of Vietnam veterans' children whose father were exposed to herbicides in Vietnam War. Methods : Vietnam veterans who visited to Pusan Veteran Hospital for medical care were recruited from April to October, 1998. They were 71 and asked about their own combat history, symptoms and illness, and health status of their 182 children. The informations were collected by direct and phone interview. Exposure estimation was also performed as exposure score depending on year and unit of participation, and personal episodes related to exposure to herbicide in the war. It classified into three groups; lower(<18.0), moderate(18-53), high$(\geq53)$ exposure group. Results : The mean age and the period into the combat of the veterans were 52.8 years and 15.0 months. The mean exposure score was $18.1{\pm}9.9$, and mainly distributed in lower (46.5%) and moderate(52.1%) exposure group. Most(90.1%) of them were diagnosed as sequelae(21 cases) and suspected sequelae(43 cases) of the herbicides by Korean veteran's hospital diagnostic criteria. The major sequelae was peripheral neuropathy 13 cases, chloracne 5 cases, and the major suspected sequelae was hypertension 20 cases, diabetes mellitus 18 cases, liver disease 12 cases, central neuropathy 11 cases, etc. About birth, 42.2% and 16.9% experienced spontaneous abortion and stillbirth, respectively. The mean exposure score was higher in stillbirth experience group(p<0.05). About half of the children(90 cases, 49.5%) hold the abnormal health status: those were skin pigmentation 38 cases, rash 23 cases, congenital anomaly 15 cases, general weakness 12 cases, purpura 8 cases, visual disturbance 8 cases, etc. These health problems had no association with father's exposure level(p>0.05). Conclusions : These results were depend on their own answers, and expectation for compensation did not excluded, therefore, this study may have limitations: inaccuracy of informations due to recall bias and response bias. Nevertheless, through this study, we could image the fundamental aspect for health impacts of Vietnam veterans' children for preparing the national control program and policy. A large scale epidemiologic study with valid exposure assessment on the health impacts of Vietnam veterans' children is recommneded.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.26-36
• /
• 2017

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 기독교인과 불교인 말기암환자의 기도경험의 의미를 탐색하고 분석하여, 영적간호 중재 방안으로 기도의 활용가능성을 파악하는데 있다. 방법: Y 대학병원에 입원한13명의 말기암환자가 연구에 참여하였고(기독교 7명, 불교 6명), 심층면담을 통해 자료를 수집하였고, Colaizzzi(1978)가 제시한 현상학적 방법을 사용하여 자료를 분석하였다. 결과: 참여자의 기도경험의 의미는 6개의 범주로 도출되었다: 하나님과의 의사소통, 마음 다스리기, 영적성장, 죽음과 사후세계에 대한 인식, 신비한 체험, 다양한 기도 형태. 결론: 참여자들의 기도경험은 자신들이 믿는 종교의 틀 안에서 서술되었다. 기독교인들에게 기도는 하나님과의 의사소통이었고, 불교인들에게는 스스로의 마음을 다스리는 것이었다. 그들이 믿고 있는 종교에 따라 약간의 차이점은 있었지만 기도경험의 의미는 자신들이 해결할 수 없는 절박한 건강문제를 자신이 믿고 있는 하나님 혹은 자신보다 능력이 있는 신을 의지하여 해결하려 하는 절실한 간구였고, 기도를 통해 자신들을 돌아보게 되면서 다른 사람들을 생각하고 기도하는 영적성장을 경험하고 있었다. 연구결과는 말기암환자들의 기도 경험의 현상에 대한 설명과 함께 기도경험에 대해 보다 폭넓은 지식을 제공하고, 기도가 중요한 대처 방법이었음을 보여주고 있다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.127-135
• /
• 1984

Personal and social characteristics, disease status, reason of delay of receiving drug from City Health Center and knowledge and attitude on the pulmonary tuberculosis were compared between the faithful group in treatment and the unfaithful group among the patients for pulmonary tuberculosis registered in a City Health Center in order to analyze the factors which influenced the faithfulness to treatment. Record as well as interview survey was done toward all patients of 247 who were registered and being cared during over 6 months in a City Health Center from April 1, 1982 to March 31, 1983, and results were as follows; 1. There was no statistically significant difference in sex and age distribution between the faithful group in treatment and the unfaithful group. 2. There was no statistically significant difference in marital status distribution between the faithful group and unfaithful group in treatment. 3. The lower education group comprised higher proportion than the higher education group among the faithful group in treatment. 4. The proportion of the emlployed was higher than unemlpoyed among the unfaithful group in treatment. 5. The proportion of mild case was higher than severe case among the unfaithful group in treatment. 6. As for the onset of delay of receiving drug, 'less than 3 month after starting treatment' was 59.5% among the unfaithful group in treatment. 7. The reasons of delay of receiving drug were 'no time' (42.2%). 'being away from home' (25.0%), 'being sick' (13.8%), and 'forgot the appointed date' (12.0%). 8. There was no statistically significant difference in the knowledge on the communicability of the tuberculosis between the faithful groups in treatment and the unfaithful group. 9. There was no statistically significant difference in the knowlege on B.C.G. as vaccination drug of tuberculosis between the faithful group and the unfaithful group in treatment. 10. There was no statistically significant difference in the satisfaction on the treatment of health center between the group of faithful and unfaithful in treatment. 11. There was no statistically significant difference in the belief on the complete recovery of tuberculosis between the faithful group and the unfaithful group in treatment. 12. The rate of consulting on tuberculosis treatment with life partner was higher among the faithful group in treatment than the unfaithful group.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.24-32
• /
• 2002

Objective : Few studies have examined the relationship between the risk of cancer and exposure to pesticides in Korea or in other East Asian that have until recently used chlorophenoxy herbicides. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the exposure to pesticides and cancer incidence. Methods : We conducted a prospective cohort study with a follow-up period of 13 years (1985-1998). The subjects included 2,687 male and 3,589 female Kangwha Island residents, Koreans aged fifty-five or more as of March 1985, who received a personal health interview and completed a health examination survey. A Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate relative risks(RR). Results : At baseline, the mean age of the study participants in 1985 was 66.4 for males and 67.1 for females. During the 13 years follow-up, a total of 300 incidents of cancer in males and 140 in females developed. In males, the total cancer incidence in the highest group was RR, 1.4 (95%. CI=1.0-1.9), p for trend=0.041, for digestive organ cancer Incidence in the highest group, RR, 1.5 (95% CI=1.0-2.3), p for trend=0.057, for stomach cancer, incidence in the highest group, RR, 1.6 (95% CI=0.9-2.8), p for trend=0.094, for gallbladder cancer incidence in the highest group, RR, 9.1 (95% CI=1.1-77.0), p for trend=0.014 were elevated according to the higher frequency of pesticide use per year. In particular, the risk of gallbladder cancer was very high. Although not significant, the risk of liver cancer was higher than in the non-exposed group (in the highest group, RR, 2.0(95% CI=0.7-5.9)). In females, although not significant, breast cancer incidence in the highest exposure group was higher than in the non-exposed group (in the highest group, RR, 4.7 (95% CI=0.5-27.9)). Conclusions : This study demonstrates that Korean farmers who use pesticides, particularly males, have a significantly higher total cancer incidence, particularly from digestive organ cancers such as, stomach, gallbladder, and liver cancer. In particular, the risk of gallbladder cancer was very high.

• 한국지역지리학회지
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.113-131
• /
• 1996

본 논문은 최근에 대도시에 출현한 새로운 정기시장인 도사 요일장의 형성원인, 시장이용자(상인과 소비자)의 속성과 이용행태, 그리고 시장의 기능 등을 밝히기 위하여, 대구시에 개설되고 있는 4곳의 요일장(성서월요장, 칠곡수요장, 시지목요장, 칠곡금요장)을 대상으로 양적이고 질적인 분석을 하였다. 대구의 도시 요일장은 칠곡농협의 금요장에서 본래 기원하였으나, 그것이 본격적으로 형성되고 다른 장소로 확산 발전된 것은 생계를 목적으로 소자본으로 장사하려는 상인(이동상인)들이 중합시장이 없는 신개발 아파트 주거지역에 요즘의 생활리듬(1주일 주기)에 맞는 정기시장을 개설하려고 노력하였기 때문인 것으로 해석된다. 요일장음 이용하는 상인과 소비자의 계속성과 이용행태를 분석 논의하고, 이를 기초로 요일장의 시장기능을 파악해 본 결과, 요일장은 수직적 교환기능이 강하고, 상업기회와 영세민에게 생계유지기능을 제공하며, 농민의 소득중대에 기여하고 있을 뿐만 아니라, 인근주민(소비자)들에게 종합식품 시장으로서 중요한 기능도 수행하고 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.179-193
• /
• 2006

본 연구의 목적은 사범대 학생들이 중 고등학교에서 느꼈던 수학공부에 대한 태도, 관심, 흥미 등이 수학교사가 되고자 하는 진로 모색과 결합되는 과정을 심층 동기의 측면에서 탐색하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 사범대학교에 진학한 동기를 포함하여 전공과 교과교육학 지식의 습득 과정 및 "남을 가르치기"에 대한 내적 비전이 사범교육과정을 통해 형성 변화되어 가는 복합적 양상을 질적으로 탐구하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 S 사범대학을 선정하여 수학교육 전공 예비교사들을 대상으로 그들의 교사양성 교육 경험을 사례 연구 방법으로 진행하였다. 2004년 4월부터 2005년 6월 사이에 수학교육과 3, 4학년 학생들을 대상으로 기초면담과 심층면담을 실시하였다. 본질주의적 방법론에 근거하여 심층 동기, 교수법에 관한 지식, "수학교사 되기"와 관련된 내적 비전이 어떻게 형성되는지에 대한 여러 가지 모습과 이미지를 추출하고 그 의미에 대한 해석을 담았다. 마지막에 연구참여자에 대한 통합적 해석을 통하여 후속 연구에 대한 방향을 제시하였다.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제14권7호
• /
• pp.403-409
• /
• 2016

본 연구는 옴니채널 환경의 식품쇼핑 경험연구이다. 안전한 먹거리에 대한 관심은 IT의 발전에 따라 소비자의 다양한 요구에 합리적 방식으로 진화하며 이를 충족한 다양한 채널 증가로 이어졌다. 옴니채널은 소비자의 필요와 욕구를 채우는 것뿐 아니라 고객 행동 이해와 경험 가치를 부여한 실증적 사용자 유형 고찰이 필요했다. 온라인 설문 결과, (1)오프라인 식품쇼핑은 대 소형 마트, 1개월에 2~3회, 품질상태 고려, 신선식품을 직접 구매하기 위해 방문 (2)온라인 식품쇼핑은 온라인 커머스, 1개월에 2~3회, 가격/혜택을 고려, 과일/견과를 주로 구매로 나타났다. 이후 고관여자 8인의 심층면접에서 식품구매여정 4단계를 통해 식품쇼핑 경험을 파악하였다. '건강'과 '식단'을 식품쇼핑 핵심 가치로 한 퍼소나는 가족과 건강을 중요시하고 '절약'을 우선하는 프라이머리 퍼소나와 일과 개인을 중시하며 '자동수급'을 하는 원하는 세컨더리 퍼소나로 세분된 방안을 제시하였다. 본 연구를 통해 옴니채널 식품쇼핑 경험을 위해서는 건강하고 균형 잡힌 식생활의 맥락에서 기능과 서비스 방안을 모색하는 데 도움이 될 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.80-88
• /
• 2001

Objectives : In an epidemiologic study on the health impact of Agent Orange exposure, the valid estimation of exposure level is the most important step. Based on recent studies, we examined the correlation between exposure levels categorized by personal exposure estimates and serum 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD, Dioxin), exploring the possibility of utilizing the exposure level as a surrogate for the estimate of exposure to agent orange. Methods : During the study period (Jan 1996-Feb 1996), blood specimens of 745 subjects taken randomly among 1,329 persons and kept frozen, were analyzed for 2,3,7,8-TCDO and six other dioxin congeners. The serum dioxin and congeners were measured in 1998 by CDC, adjusted for serum lipids. We categorized the total exposure scores into five groups based on Agent Orange exposure data collected by interview and military records. Pearson and Spearman's correlation coefficients & multiple regression analysis were used to identify the relationship of the exposure level categorized with serum concentration of 2,3,7,8-TCDD, and six other dioxin congeners. Results : Dioxin and the other congeners, except 1,2,4,6,7,8-HpCDD, showed significant correlations to exposure categories (p<0.005): 2,3,7,8-TCDD and OCDD showed positive correlations, whereas the other congeners did negative. The values of 2,3,7,8-TCDD differed according to exposure category and proportionally increased from the low exposure group to the high, a dose-response relationship, even after other possible confounding variables were adjusted for. In multiple regression analysis, age$(\beta=0.033)$, dioxin$(\beta=0.433)$, 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD$(\beta=-0.998)$, 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD$(\beta=-0.773)$, 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD$(\beta=0.255)$, 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD$(\beta=-3.468)$, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD$(\beta=0.109)$ we re found to be significantly related to the total exposure score(p<0.005). Conclusion : This study demonstrated that the use of such categorizations as a surrogate measure of agent orange exposure in identifying exposure degrees in a health impact study is valid.

• 지역사회간호학회지
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.173-182
• /
• 1995

Primary health care(PHC) has been established since A Health Law for rural residents has been legislated in 1980 following the WHO declaration, 'Health for All 2000'. in 1978. PHC services are presently assumed to be provided by 2038 Community Health Practitioners(CHP) to about 28% out of rural population in Korea. Most CHPs have confronted the adaptation process to the community being practiced although a CHP's role is to evoke community participation for the improvement of their health by themselves. So the purpose of this study is to describe and explain of the commitment of CHPs into the community. Data were collected by direct interview and tape-recording under subjects' permission till theoretical saturation were occured from 6 CHPs. The subjects were 41 years old and have served in the community for 9 years in average. Main questions and concepts were explored from data according to the procedure of the grounded theory methodology. The results are as follows. 1) The number of the main concepts were twenty four that identified Motive, Desire, Personal characteristics, Unfamiliarity, Denial, Feeling of isolation, Self-sacrifice, Kindness, Patience, Assimilation, Respect for the residents, Support by the family, Support by the residents, Achievement, Acceptance of realities, Use of resources, Inducement of cooperation from the residents, Changes of the difference from time orientation between CHP and residents, Attitude as a official, Technical support, Cost management, Satisfaction level, Acknowledgement by the residents and discrepancy. 2) The twenty four concepts were categorized to seven groups such as Motivation, Feeling of Heterogeneity, Self-discipline, Social support, Induced changes in the attitudes of residents, Familarity and Persistent discrepancy. 3) The categorized groups were analyzed on the base of the Causal Conditions, Central Phenomena, Contexts, Intervening Conditions, Action / Interaction Strategies, and Consequences. Central phenomenon in this study was identified to be the feeling of heterogeneity. Community health practitioners experienced unfamiliarity and denial from the community and felt themselves isolated in the first. In time, they won the trust of residents by their efforts including self-sacrifice, kindness, patience, and assimilation. Afterward, practitioners got self-confidence and familiarity with lesser feeling of heterogeneity. Nevertheless, practitioners could not commit themselves completely because of the persistent discrepancy between CHP and residents. 4) On the commitment process, the CHPs' feeling of heterogeneity were decresed and social support increesed and newly evolved induced change of residents through the continuous interaction between CHP and them The contribution of this study would be concluded as follows. 1) It is expected that effective strategies for more rapid committment into the community can be developed based on this study. 2) More easy committment would be possible for the newly appointed CHP through understanding of the committment process identified on this study.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제12권34호
• /
• pp.679-697
• /
• 1974

I. Preface A. Establishment. There are many psycological and physiological difficulties that students have made practical application to a building site of 600 pyung and a structure of 65 pyung each sixteen students in the Home Management House, but there exists problem in students apprentice and management of professors. B. Purpose of study This research aim to seek a high degree of efficiency approach in investigating, studying and analyzing factors of the problem in Home Management which have been faced in women colleges in seoul. C. Content of study. This study is aim at finding out the problems including facilites, system, guiding principle, working bottleneck and administrative problem in making practical application of Home Management. II. A plan and method of study A. This subject of statiscal research is 616 women students in senior year from september 27 1970 to October 31 1974. The rate of collection of questionnaire is 100 percent. B. The Method of study is devised through refering documents, interview with students, questionnaire and observation. III. Result of study Of the total of 29 university in seoul, 24 Universities have its Course of Home Economic among which only 12 have Home Management for making practical application. Home Management House for making practical application is located mainly in campus but some of them exceptimally are in outside university. Students practice mainly at civilzed resident, apartment, bangalow so forth, and demention of which occupies approxiamtely 50-600 pyung (land) and 20-70 pyung (Building). A member with 4 or 20 students make practical application from 10 days to 3 months. A member consists of students and assistant teacher, and practice site classifies into living school for Professors living, and another school for Professors and assistant teachers. Answer to a questionnaire. 616 students answer to a questionnaire. 49 Perfect of 616 students like to have a member with 12 students like to have a member with 12 students, 38 percent student a member with 16 students. About the period of making practical About the period of making practical application, 76 percent students like to have two or three week period. 19 percent students think it a short period and 4 percent students think it a long period. There is none who thinks 25 day period day period to be short. About making practical application, 66 percent of 616 students feel uneasy, 40 percent students feel lack of sleep and tired. Students take a pleasure in having a conversation with their friends, inviting their mother, having dinner-party and birthday party. 77 percent students want to invite their father and 67 percent students want to invite their boy-friends. It is hard to have a good personal relation about the great the result of practice, students acknowledge themselves that they have learned about Cautiousness and they are sure of good Home Manager. There are 9 difficult problems during the period. IV. Summary discussion a. Many problems come from having a number of students. b. Students feel tired with their practice if over three weeks. No Matter how good a plan is, it useless if students can't adapt themselves to it. Suggestions 1) it is good to have a member with 5 or 6 students, and it is suitable to have two or three week period, and to have an area of 20 or 30 pyung. 2) it's proposed a profess or to live together in making practical application of Home Management 3) it is proposed a professor to have a sure T.O. and to be treated better.