• 멤브레인
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.76-86
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 비용매 첨가제 BE와 습도 및 노출 시간이 정밀여과막의 구조, 투과특성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 멤브레인은 PES/DMF/TSA/PVP/BE 혼합 용액을 물에 침지하여 제조하였다. 다양한 농도의 BE가 첨가된 캐스팅 용액들을 공기 중의 수분이 흡착될 수 있도록 상대습도 60%와 80%로 달리하여 40초와 90초 동안 노출시켰으며, 그 결과로 만들어진 멤브레인 투과 성능과 표변 및 단면 구조와의 연관성을 조사하였다. 멤브레인의 특성은 capillary flow porometer, FE-SEM 및 순수 투과 장치를 이용하여 이루어졌다. PES 멤브레인의 표면 구조는 상대 및 노출 시간에 의해 크게 영향을 받는다. 또한 BE의 첨가는 특정한 습도와 노출 시간에서 표면 및 내부의 구조의 조절이 용이함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.132-140
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• 1996

The effect of a novel delivery system, water in oil emulsion containing chitosan hydrogel as a inner phase (W/O-C) was evaluated, and the relationships between the skin permeation, the skin primary irritation and the skin turnover rate of AHAs were discussed. We selected glycolic acid (GA), lactic acid (LA), malic acid (MA), and tartaric acid (TA) as model AHAs. The steady state fluxes of 4 AHAs across the excised hairless mouse skin increased as the molecular weights of the AHAs decreased. (GA>LA>MA>TA). The skin turnover times were shortened in all AHAs, compared with control. The skin permeation and the skin primary irritation of the LA decreased and the skin turnover time increased, as the pH increased. The maximum therapeutic index was obtained with pH 3.8, 0.5 M LA. It was suggested that the skin permeability of LA might be a main factor for prediction of the skin irritation and the skin turnover time. On the other hand, the W/O-C containing pH 3.8, 0.5 M LA indicated a good sustained release property of LA, compared with water in oil emulsion without chitosan hydrogel (W/O) or oil in water emulsion (O/W). The skin permeability and the skin irritation of AHAs from the W/O-C edcreased, compared with W/O or O/W, however the skin turnover time showed almost the same value as W/O or O/W. In conclusion, we suggest that the control of the skin permeation of AHAs would be an important tool for reducing the skin irritation and for maintaining the positive effect of AHAs, and the W/O-C system could be a potential candidate for future cosmetological application of AHAs.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2010

그라우트재의 침투 특성을 개선하기 위하여 진동 주입을 적용하였다. 진동주입공법은 진동하는 주입압을 부가하여 주입하는 그라우팅 기술로서 이를 적용할 경우, 그라우트재의 점성과 그라우트재 입자의 흡착 현상이 감소하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 진동 주입에 의한 그라우트재의 침투 특성 개선을 검증하기 위하여 모형 주입 실험을 수행하였다. 실험 결과로부터 흡착 현상을 평가하는 계수인 $\theta$ 를 산정하여 침투 특성 개선 정도를 제시하였다. 또한 인공 절리면에 대한 주입 실험을 수행하였다. 모형 실험 및 인공절리면의 실험 결과와 이론적인 해석 결과를 통해 진동 주입 시 그라우트재의 침투능이 증가됨을 검증하였으며, 특히 400kPa 이하의 저압으로 주입하였을 때 진동 주입의 효과가 최대로 나타남을 확인하였다.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.232-239
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• 2009

This study presented the effect of membrane thickness on hydrogen permeability. Microvoids on the surface of the membrane should not exist for the exact values of hydrogen permeability. Pd-Cu-Ni hydrogen alloy membranes were fabricated by Ni powder sintering, substrate plasma pretreatment, sputtering and Cu reflow process. And this leaded to void-free surface and dense film of Pd-Cu-Ni hydrogen alloy membrane. Hydrogen permeation test showed that hydrogen permeability increased from 2.7 to $15.2ml/cm^2{\cdot}min{\cdot}atm^{0.5}$ as membrane thickness decreased from 12 to $4{\mu}m$. This represented the similar trend as a hydrogen permeability of pure palladium membrane based on solution-diffusion mechanism.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2001

This paper was to investigate the preparation of polysulfone(PS), polyethersulfone(PES) and polyphenylsulfone(PPS) membrane. The thermal property of PPS was higher than that of others. From the result of SEM, the concentration of polymer was found to have a significant effect on the structure of membrane, and the structure of membrane made of PES is found to have regular micell form of asymmetry. Permeability and selectivity for oxygen and nitrogen gas in the air were analyzed by GC. Permeabilities of the membrane made of PES for oxygen and nitrogen in air, 1.5 and $0.7(x10^9[cm^3(STP)cm/cm^2seccmHg]) $, respectively was higher than that of others. and Selectivity of the membrane made of PPS for oxygen to nitrogen gas in air was 2.9.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.206-212
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• 1998

The water permeation in protective coatings, which may greatly influence the corrosion protective property of these coatings, was studied using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique. During the absorption of water in protective coatings immersed in electrolyte solution, the change of coating capacitance with concentration of electrolyte was determined from impedance measurements. When water absorption or desorption of coatings occured by exposing the coatings to electrolyte solutions of different concentration, increase in impedance caused by desorption of water was found to be higher in the case of thicker film. The amount of water absorbed in coatings changed with concentration of electrolyte. The water taken up in coatings from the solution of lower electrolyte concentration was deserted by contact with the solution of higher concentration. The uptake of water in protective coatings varied depending on the type of coating ingredient especially binder.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.147-155
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• 1998

In this study, we prepared non-porous plasma membrane for having high permeability and selectivity and this membrane was deposited on the $Al_{2}O_{3}$ membrane by using $CHF_{3}$ & $SiH_{4}$ monomer. Also, we investigated for the permeation characteristics of the plasma polymer membrane by Ar plasma treatment. When the position of substrate was near cathode, the selectivity was increased with Ar plasma treatment time and rf-power. The pore size of $Al_{2}O_{3}$ membrane had an effect on the permeability and the position of substrate affected selectivity.

• 멤브레인
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 1996

본 연구는 소수성 고분자재료인 PSf와 양이온성화된 AMPS막을 제조하여 이의 투과특성에 관하여 조사하였다. AMPS분리막은 소수성인 PSf막에 비하여 fouling이 감소하였다. 특히, AMPS막은 양이온성을 띠고 있어 염기성 염료, 단백질, 아미노산과 같이 막표면과 동일한 전하를 가지고 있는 용질을 효과적으로 분리할 수 있다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2005년도 생물공학의 동향(XVII)
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• pp.816-820
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• 2005

Polysaccharide-based dressings have increasingly become viable alternatives to somewhat less biocompatible and often problematic cotton or viscose gauzes traditionally used for wound dressings. Polysaccharide which is particularly abundunt in Agaricus blazei Murill is known as the bioactive materials. Polysaccharide extracted from Agaricus blazei Murill enhances the recovery of the damaged epidermal tissue and the production of epithelial cell growth factors which are necessary to heal the burn and wound on the epidermal tissue. In this study, the biopolymer delivery system of polysaccharide extracted from Agaricus blazei Murill into epidermal tissue was elucidated using the skin permeating enhancer in vitro. The enhancing effects of various penetration enhancers and some other enhancers on the permeation of ${\beta}-glucan$ were evaluated using Franz diffusion cell. Permeation of polysaccharide in nomal and burn skin was compared. Polysaccharide was studied for the burn and wound healing activity in the epidermal tissue on rats.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.351-356
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• 2004

A transdermal preparation containing diclofenac diethylammonium (DDA) was developed using an O/W microemulsion system. Of the oils tested, lauryl alcohol was chosen as the oil phase of the microemulsion, as it showed a good solubilizing capacity and excellent skin permeation rate of the drug. Pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed to obtain the concentration range of oil, surfactant and cosurfactant for microemulsion formation, and the effect of these additives on skin permeation of DDA was evaluated with excised rat skins. The optimum formulation of the microemulsion consisted of 1.16% of DDA, 5% of lauryl alcohol, 60% of water in combination with the 34.54% of Labrasol (surfactant)/ethanol (cosurfactant) (1:2). The efficiency of formulation in the percutaneous absorption of DDA was dependent upon the contents of water and lauryl alcohol as well as Labrasol: ethanol mixing ratio. It was concluded that the percutaneous absorption of DDA from microemulsions was enhanced with increasing the lauryl alcohol and water contents, and with decreasing the Labrasol:ethanol mixing ratio in the formulation.