• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.509-515
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• 2002

Copper deficiency was induced in eight male buffalo calves by adding molybdenum (30 ppm wet basis) to their diet. Copper status was monitored from the liver copper concentration and a level below 30 ppm (DM basis) was considered as deficient. Haemoglobin, haematocrit, total and differential leucocyte numbers were determined. The functions of peripheral neutrophils were assessed by in vitro phagocytosis and killing of Staphylococcus aureus. The effect of molybdenum induced copper deficiency on bone marrow was monitored. The mean total leucocyte count was unaffected whereas a significant fall in neutrophil count coincided with the fall in hepatic copper level to $23.9{\pm}2.69$ ppm. Reduced blood neutrophil numbers was not accompanied by any change in the proportion of different neutrophil precursor cells in bone marrow. It was hypothesised that buffalo calves were more tolerant to dietary molybdenum excess than cattle. It was concluded that neutropenia in molybdenum induced copper deficiency occurred without any effect on their synthesis and maturation process. Bone marrow studies in healthy calves revealed higher percentage of neutrophilic myelocytes and metamyelocytes as compared to cattle.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.279-282
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• 2003

To investigate the effect of fluoxetine, one of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), on the immune system, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were treated with fluoxetine $(10^{-7}\;M)$ for 24 h, and immune-related genes were analyzed by cDNA microarray. Expression of the immunerelated genes such as CD107b (LAMP-2), CD47 receptor (thrombospondin receptor), CD5 antigen-like (scavenger receptor cysteine rich family), copine III (CPNE3), interleukin (IL)-18 (interferon-gammainducing factor), integrin alpha 4 (CD49d), integrin alpha L subunit (CD11a), IL-3 receptor alpha subunit, L apoferritin, and small inducible cytokine subfamily A (Cys-Cys) member 13 (SCYA13) was induced by fluoxetine. This result suggests that fluoxetine may affect the immune system, and provides fundamental data for the involvement of SSRIs on immunoregulation.

• The Korean journal of helicobacter and upper gastrointestinal research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.157-161
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• 2018

Liquid biopsy, the analysis of circulating biomarkers from peripheral blood, such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA, and exosomes, offers a less invasive, new source of cancer-derived materials that may reflect the status of the disease better and thereby contribute to personalized treatment. Recent advances in microfluidics and molecular analysis technologies have resulted in greatly improved CTC enumeration and detection. In this article, we review commercially available technologies used to isolate CTCs from peripheral blood, including immunoaffinity and label-free, physical property-based isolation methods. Although enormous technological progress has been made, especially within the last decade, only a few CTC detection methods have been approved for routine clinical use. Here, we provide an overview of the current CTC isolation methods and examples of their potential application for early diagnosis, prognosis, treatment monitoring, and prediction of resistance to cancer therapy. Furthermore, the challenges that remain to be addressed before such tools are implemented for routine use in clinical settings are discussed.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.29-32
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• 1964

A study on chromosome of leucocytes in blood cultures derived from 6 normal Korean was performed . Exact chromosome counts were carried out on 205 cells in male, 211 in female , of which 86.05% revealed a chormosome mordal number of 46. On the basis of relative chromosome lengths and position of centromeres, the Karyotype that the human chromosomes were classified into 7 groups with 22 airs of autosome and one pair of sex chromosome was determined accoridng to the method of denver report. The chromosome number on metaphase was observed in short term cultures of leucocytes from the peripheral blood of 2 patients with chronic granulocytic leukemia and 1 patient with acute granulocitic leukemia . and the chromosome morpholoogy was also investigated in one acute leukemic patient. In all leukemic cases the leucocytes showed the constant value of 46 in the stem -line of chormosome number. But the frequency of cells with 46 chromosomes appeared in the 3 cases was 67.30% in average with a slightly higher range in hypo-andhyper-diploid chromosome numbers than in normal human, The idiogram analysis did not show any abnormality of chromosome in acute leukemic cells.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.347-354
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• 1987

The effect of vitamin A on the immune response in ICR mice was studied. The effects were evaluated by immuno organ weight, peripheral circulating white blood cells, HA and HY titer, peritoneal exudate cells, RFC, Arthus reaction and DTH in mice. The spleen of mice was significantly hypertrophied by deficiency or over doses of vitamin A as compared with control group (50IU/kg). Arthus reaction, RFC and peritoneal exudate cells were sharply decreased according to the increase of vitamin A doses. The number of white blood cell was decreased according to the increase of vitamin A doses, but in the case of vitamin A 50,000 IU/kg treated group, it was significantly increased. These results suggest that deficiency or over dose of vitamin A decrease humoral and cellular immune response.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.28-37
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• 2017

Obesity is a highly prevalent, chronic disorder that has been increasing in incidence in young patients. Both epigenetic and genetic aberrations may play a role in the pathogenesis of obesity. Therefore, in-depth epigenomic and genomic analyses will advance our understanding of the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying obesity and aid in the selection of potential biomarkers for obesity in youth. Here, we performed microarray-based DNA methylation and gene expression profiling of peripheral white blood cells obtained from six young, obese individuals and six healthy controls. We observed that the hierarchical clustering of DNA methylation, but not gene expression, clearly segregates the obese individuals from the controls, suggesting that the metabolic disturbance that occurs as a result of obesity at a young age may affect the DNA methylation of peripheral blood cells without accompanying transcriptional changes. To examine the genome-wide differences in the DNA methylation profiles of young obese and control individuals, we identified differentially methylated CpG sites and investigated their genomic and epigenomic contexts. The aberrant DNA methylation patterns in obese individuals can be summarized as relative gains and losses of DNA methylation in gene promoters and gene bodies, respectively. We also observed that the CpG islands of obese individuals are more susceptible to DNA methylation compared to controls. Our pilot study suggests that the genome-wide aberrant DNA methylation patterns of obese individuals may advance not only our understanding of the epigenomic pathogenesis but also early screening of obesity in youth.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.1179-1185
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• 2004

The Korean traditional medicine, Seonghyangjeonggisan (SHJGS) has long been used for acute cerebral infarction (Cl). However, scientific investigation has been carried out a little. Cytokines, involved in the regulation of inflammatory reactions and immune responses, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of Cl. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of SHJGS on the production of various cytokines in the patients with acute Cl. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from the patients with acute Cl were cultured for 24hr in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). The amount of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8, in PBMC culture supernatant, was significantly increased in the LPS and PHA treated cells, compared with unstimulated cells (P<0.05). This study showed that increased TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 level stimulated by LPS and PHA was inhibited by SHJGS (0.01-1 ㎎/㎖) in a dose-dependent manner but IL-8 level was not inhibited significantly at 1㎎/㎖ (P>0.05). The maximal inhibition rate of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 by SHJGS (1㎎/㎖) was 68% (P<0.05), 53.9% (P<0.05), 45.5% (P<0.05), 46.7% (P>0.05) respectively. These results suggest that SHJGS might have anti-inflammatory effects through cytokine modulation. which might explain its beneficial effects in the treatment of acute Cl.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.4367-4372
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• 2014

We here document discovery of expression profile of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients and changes in the course of disease. The study population was composed of 75 outpatient HBV cases and 15 healthy control cases. Peripheral blood samples were collected for separation of mononuclear cells. Levels of MDSCs labeled with Lin-DR-CD11b+CD33+ obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), were revealed to have significant differences between the CHB and other groups. They were 0.414% for health control cases and 0.226% for CHB cases (Z=-2.356, p=0.0189). It also observed that the group of HBeAg positive cases had significant difference in MDSCs/PBMC median ($X^2=11.877$, p=0.003), compared with group of HBeAg negative cases and the healthy control group. It suggested considerable MDSCs might be involved in HBeAg immune tolerance. In addition, negative correlations between MDSCs/PBMC and parameters of ALT, AST and TBil, while positive correlation between MDSCs/PBMC and ALB parameter were found. Multiple comparisons between the four phases and health control phase again, there was a statistically sifnificant difference ($X^2=17.198$, p=0.002). Taken together, these findings may provide a new immunotherapy strategy for reduced the expression levels of MDSCs in CHB patients, through induction of an autoimmune response to virus removal.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.179-185
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• 2010

The present study was undertaken to establish reference values for the composition blood lymphocyte populations and compare forty three Hanwoo neonatal calves (KC) with twenty one Holstein calves (HC) by blood cell count and immunophynotying. The percentages of CD2+, CD4+, CD8+, CD26+, ACT2+, MHC class, MHC class II and WC1+ T cells, B cells were determined by flow cytometry. The number of lymphocyte and monocyte in HC were higher than those of KC. However, the number of neutrophils was higher in HC than KC. The proportions of CD2+, CD4+, CD8+, MHC class, and WC1+ lymphocytes remained relatively stable during the study period, while there was a moderate increase in the relative percentage of CD26+, ACT2+, MHC class II and B cell from birth to approximately 3 weeks of age. Marked differences in the relative proportions of the lymphocyte subpopulations were noted between the individual calves. The present study shows that the T-cell subpopulations are present in peripheral blood of KC at levels comparable with HC, while the MHC class II and B cell population of KC increases significantly with age. The absolute number of WBC in KC was due to the decrease of absolute number of neutrophil rather than the increase of lymphocyte. The results indicated that KC have significantly higher number of neutrophils, and proportion of MHC class II and B cell than HC.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.334-342
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• 1992

Background: The activated T lymphocyte by inhalaed mycobacterial antigen may evoke cell-mediated immunity in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis. These activated lymphocyte may influence the response of tuberculin-purified protein derivative (PPD) in skin test. But occasionally, anergy to PPD appear in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in spite of active stage. Thus we evaluated the effect of change of subtypes of lymphocyte in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) and peripheral blood on anergy to PPD in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis. Method: We performed tuberculin skin test and flow-cytometry analysis of lymphocytes obtained from BAL fluid and peripheral blood in 11 healthy normal volunteers and 20 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis. Results: 1) The composition of lymphocyte significantly increased in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis when compared with that in healthy control ($25.2{\pm}4.8$ vs $6.5{\pm}1.3%$, p<0.01), but composition of monocyte significantly decreased ($69.6{\pm}5.7$ vs $89.2{\pm}1.4%$, p<0.05) in analysis of BAL fluid. 2) There were no differences in compositions of cells in BAL fluid between responders and no-responders to PPD. 3) The compositions of CD3 (+), CD4 (+), CD3 (+) IL-2R (+), CD3 (+) HLA-DR (+) significantly increased in BAL fluid when compared with those in peripheral blood in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis. But the composition of CDS (+), CD4/CDS were not different between BAL fluid and peripheral blood. 4) There were no correlations between response to PPD and compositions of cells and lymphocyte subtypes in BAL fluid and peripheral blood in all patients with tuberculosis, responders, and no-responders, respectively. Conclusion: From these results, we suggest no direct relationship between compositions of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and we could not rule out the possibility of compartmentalization of activated lymphocyte involving in anergy to PPD in skin test in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis.