• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2002

Various kinds of aerosols such as a mixture of hairspray resin and its solvents, a perfume, a soap water, and ask in-lotion were sprayed onto the contact lens which was mounted on the eye-model made of wood, varying the parameters as the distance between nozzle and contact lens and the spraying time duration. In the case of both the hairspray and the perfume including an ethanol as solvents, the shape of contact lenses has changed tremendously Jess than 1 minute after the exposure to the aerosol particles and then it continued until the lens surfaces were completely flipped over. Driving force for the lens distortion seems to be the expansion coefficient difference between the inner and outer surface of lens, which was caused by the heat of vaporization of ethanol included in the aerosol and subsequent temperature decrease induced on the lens surface.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.185-195
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• 2014

Ranking-based conjoint analysis is widely used in various fields such as marketing research. While the ranking-based conjoint affords several advantages over the rating-based or choice-based conjoint, it has a serious shortcoming that respondents have much difficulty in ranking the product profiles in order of preference when many profiles are involved. This article suggests a new method for the preference measurement to improve the response efficiency. The method employs the concept of ranking sets that let the respondent evaluate a small number of profiles at a time. Through the proposed method, preference rankings of profiles obtained from each ranking set are aggregated to generate overall rankings. The balanced incomplete block design is expanded and transformed to the dual design in order to construct well-balanced ranking sets that can accommodate a large number of profiles. The proposed method is applied to the analysis of consumer preferences for perfume-for-women.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.115-122
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• 2013

Volatile flavor compounds of Chamaecyparis obtuse essential oil were extracted by simultaneous steam distillation extraction (SDE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and analyzed by GC-MS. A total of 48 and 50 components were identified in essential oil by SDE and SFE, respectively. Monoterpenes, oxygenated monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, oxygenated sesquiterpenes, and diterpenes in essential oil by SDE were 37.24, 10.9, 9.61, 0.22, and 0.22%, respectively. In the case of SFE, they were 19.1, 23.3, 22.66, 1.31, and 10.57%, respectively. Antioxidant activities were increased with the increase of essential oil up to $80{\mu}L/mL$, irrespective of extraction method. Especially, when the essential oil concentration extracted by SDE was increased from 20 to $80{\mu}L/mL$, the antioxidant activity was increased from 10.5 to 55.1%. However, over $80{\mu}L/mL$ of essential oil, an equilibrium state was maintained. In the case of essential oil extracted by SFE, it was decreased compared to that of SDE. For the improvement of atopic dermatitis, various cosmetics such as an ato-cide soap, ato-cide spray, and ato-cide lotion containing essential oil extracted by SFE were tested. About over 90% was useful for the improvement of atopic dermatitis after 4 weeks of clinical trial targeting 40 female adults. These results demonstrate that ato-cide soap, ato-cide spray, and ato-cide lotion containing essential oil extracted by SFE could be used in functional cosmetics.

• Plant Resources
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.163-172
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• 2000

We compared microstructural features of the ordered cell and disordered leaves in Citrus junos Sieb. by electron microscopy. In the cell of the ordered leaves, many chloroplasts and large vacuoles were particularly observed. Also a lot of vessel, companion cell and big nucleus were presented in vascular bundle regions. The mitochondria and the other organelles were interspersed among the chloroplasts in a thin, peripheral layer of cytoplasm. The chloroplast possessed typical grana and intergranal lamellae, numerous starch grains and a few small osmophilic globules. Besides, microbodies were closely associated with the mitochondria and the chloroplast. The process of the formation of the secondary cell wall from primary cell wall was observed the vessel elements, the tonoplast wall and the secondary cell wall. It was observed that the oil sac with the unique perfume distributed the adjacent cell wall. In the cell of disordered leaves, the all of the organelles were thrust toward the cell wall due to the fusion of vacuoles in the cells. It was observed that a lot of the very small particles spreaded in the cytoplasm. The loss of unique perfume of the leaves was resulted in the destruction of the oil sac. Also, there was not observed grana, lamellae, starch and osmophillic globules in the chloroplast. The small distributed organelles was not observed but the elongation of the cell wall was proceed no longer. Therefore, the plasma membrane diverged from the cell wall. All of organelles in the cell had poor function and deformation. A massive vacuole was fulfilled in single cell and the vacuole contains a lot of large and small particles. The organelles were presented on the side of the cell wall according to the enlargement of vacuole and they were observed to be breakdown.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.204-212
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• 2012

This study was used a thermogravimetric analyzer to determine thermal characteristics, a hair analysis system to examine morphological changes of wefts-human hair, poly vinyl chloride(PVC) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-used in manufacturing wigs. According to a flammability test on human hair and synthetic wefts for wigs, the best results were observed in human hair. According to a thermal test, PET was the best in terms of thermal stability. Also good tensile strength was observed as well. In a scanning electron microscope observation, no human hair scale layer was found because of chemical treatment. In the PVC sample, homogeneous unevenness was observed. Due to a lack of human hair supply and increase in its price, recently, PET weft has emerged as a great substitution for human hair. Because it can be curled using an electric curling device and is more efficient than the conventional non-flammable material PVC in terms of thermal resistance, it will become the next-generation weft for wigs.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.29-38
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• 2012

A new approach of volatile compounds analysis is proposed using a linear ion trap Orbitrap mass spectrometer coupled with gas chromatography through an atmospheric pressure photoionization interface. In the proposed GC-HRMS/MS approach, direct chemical composition analysis is made for the precursor ions in high resolution MS spectra and the structural identifications were made through the database search of high quality MS/MS spectra. Successful analysis of a complex perfume sample was demonstrated and compared with GC-EI-Q and GC-EI-TOF. The current approach is complementary to conventional GC-EI-MS analysis and can identify low abundance co-eluting compounds. Toluene co-sprayed as a dopant through API probe significantly enhanced ionization of certain compounds and reduced oxidation during the ionization.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.429-438
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• 2017

For centuries, plants have been used for a wide variety of purposes, from treating infectious diseases to food preservation and perfume production. Presently, the increasing resistance of microorganisms to currently used antimicrobials in combination with the appearance of emerging diseases requires the urgent development of new, more effective drugs. Plants, due to the large biological and structural diversity of their components, constitute a unique and renewable source for the discovery of new antibacterial, antifungal, and antiparasitic compounds. In the present paper, the history, composition, and antimicrobial activities of the basil, oregano, and thyme essential oils are reviewed.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.33-33
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• 2003

Most of leaf teas, except flower tea, were considered as good materials with basic conditions for tea manufacture because water content was below 6 %, Crude protein was the greatest component in roasted young leaf tea, crude fats in roasted mature leaf tea and ashes in fermented young leaf tea. Caffein were present as the highest amount(5.18%) in steamed mature leaf tea, showing less amount than greenp teas. Catechin were contained as the highest amount in all kinds of teas, especially fermented young leaf tea. was the highest(9.57%). Tannin, which highly related with tea quality including astringent taste, color and perfume, were present as the highest amount in fermented young leaf tea.(중략)

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.525-540
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• 2003

This survey paper aims to compare two significant figures in the history of Haute Couture e.g, Paul Poiret and Coco Chanel, who played a leading role between 1910 and 1930. It is found here that they have common features with respect to giving freedom to body through costume, enlarging Garconne Mode, creating more value of Costume Jewelry, exploiting advertisement strategy using models, proving exotic styles, and last but not the least contributing to Haute Couture. The research shows, however, that Poiret differs from Chanel in that he made most of various natural colors whereas Chanel used black or beige colors that had been rarely used woman wear previously. They also differed in using fabric, permitting copy by others, ingredients and bottling of perfume, meaning of silhouette. This kind of comparative research is expected to provide more understanding of fashion history and to contribute to more rigorous analysis of key success factors of designers in his or her age of fashion.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 2012

Generally, hair treatments by complementary actions to give a sense of activity are permanent setting, dyeing, and bleaching, etc. In this study, we investigated the wave formation ability and hair damage occuring in permanent setting and bleaching process. The wave formation ability was evaluated by the differences of length and curl diameter after permanent setting. And the hair damage was also evaluated by the protein release ability and SEM of hair. The bleached hair immediately after permanent setting treatment has better wave formation ability, but much more damaged than the bleached hair after rinsing thoroughly with warm water. It was considered that the chain of hair keratin broke down easily by the bleaching action in the existence of permanent setting agents.