• 한국전기화학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.75-108
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• 2004

The market, development and trend of Lithium ion Batteries in China are introduce briefly. Early, Chinese manufactories were busy to expand and many new battery factories have been built up. Now, the relatively large companies pay more attentions on comprehensive quality improvement, therefore the production processing and facilities have been also modified in some extent. The recent technology progresses focus on High capacity (energy density), High rate, High average voltage, High safety, High temperature properties, Long cycle life, Low temperature properties, Low self discharge, Low cost, Super-large, Super-small, Super-thin, Consistency, Customization, and Environment friendly processing, simply $H_5L_4S_3C_2E_1$. Lithium ion polymer batteries which all batteries packaged with soft lamination film are named as in China have a quick growth and emphasized here because of their advantages ins $H_5L_4S_3C_2E_1$ for which it is quite difficult to be realized at the same time. Some of research works such as listed above are introduced. The other contends related to application trend of Lithium ion batteries and projects carrying out are also included.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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• v.49 no.10
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• pp.701-707
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• 2000

This paper proposes a tension control to compensate friction loss using on-line friction torque observer for a continuous strip processing line. Friction loss of roller results in significant deviation of strip tension, accordingly it has an influence on the operation of other adjacent rolls. To avoid tension variation of the strip, a friction torque observer is designed in adjacent roll, which operates in speed control mode. The observed torque is added to the torque limit reference of the pay-off reel for on-line compensation of both friction loss and acceleration/deceleration torque at the same time. The simulation and experimental results show improvement of tension control performance by the proposed friction compensation method.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.424-429
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• 2007

The demand for pharmaco-economic data has increased since the introduction of positive list system for drug insurance. A survey was conducted for pharmaceutical companies, universities and hospitals to find the current states and barriers for pharmaco-economic studies in Korea. The results showed that even those who are in charge of pharmaco-economic studies at companies/universities had a limited technical expertise. Government should pay more attention to the education of the relevant manpower, and the production of national statistics needed for economic evaluation.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.2A
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• pp.107-112
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• 2009

Spectral efficiency of current two-phase cooperative communications protocols is low since in the second time the relay forwards the same signal received from the source to the destination, the source keeps silent in this time. In this paper, we propose a novel cooperative communications protocol where the signal needed to transmit to the destination is sent in both phases, the source and the relay also transmit different signal to the destination thus no loss of spectral efficiency. This protocol performs signal selection based on log-likelihood ratio (LLR) at relay and maximum likelihood (ML) detection at destination. While existing protocols pay for a worse performance than direct transmission in the low SNR regime which is of special interest in ad hoc networks, ours is better over the whole range of SNR. In addition, the proposal takes advantages of bandwidth efficiency, long delay and interference among many terminals in ad hoc network. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol can significantly save total energy for wireless ad hoc networks.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.48 no.8
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• pp.1014-1021
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• 1999

PID controllers with constant gains have been widely used in various control systems. But it is difficult to have uniformly good control performance in all operating conditions. In this paper, we propose a variable PID controller for robot manipulators. We divide total workspace of manipulators into several subspaces. PID controllers in each subspace are optimized using evolution strategy which is a kind of global search algorithm. In real operation, the desired trajectories may cross several subspaces and we select the corresponding gains in each subspace. The gains may have large difference on the boundary of subspaces, which may cause oscillatory motion. So we use artificial neural network to have continuous smooth gain curves to reduce the oscillatory motion. From the experimental results, although the proposed variable PID controller for robots should pay for some computational burden, we have found that the controller is more superior to the conventional constant gain PID controller.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.34.2-34
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• 2001

There are many control methods guaranteeing the robustness of systems. Among them, H$\infty$ control, sliding mode control and disturbance observer have been used widely. Especially, disturbance observer(DOB) is one of the most popular methods because it is easy to apply and the cost to pay is low due to its simplicity. Conventional DOB utilizes output signal as a feedback signal. But in Optical Disk Drive(ODD) systems, the Position Error Signal(PES) is the only available one. So conventional DOB is not applicable. If we use error signal in stead of output signal, another form of DOB is made. We call it as Error based Disturbance Observer(EDOB). We show in this paper the difference between two systems, namely conventional DOB system and the EDOB system, and also show the effectiveness of EDOB through experiment.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.33-49
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the work and job satisfaction of military emergency medical technicians (EMTs). Methods: We selected 122 military EMTs who participated in the refresher education in 2012. This study was conducted from November 12 to December 21, 2012. Results: The most frequent duties of military EMTs were scene assessment, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, surgical treatment, prehospital first-aid, transfer to the hospital, education, and call response. The air force and navy EMTs had better performance than the army EMTs. As for job satisfaction, the work itself ranked highest, whereas payment ranked lowest. Conclusion: The scope of the work of the military EMTs varied in the 14 fields of work but should be considered for further evaluation. In order to increase the job satisfaction of EMTs, their work conditions should be improved such as through salary increase and extra pay for those with professional certificates.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.200-206
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• 2021

Fraud in e-commerce transaction increased in the last decade especially with the increasing number of online stores and the lockdown that forced more people to pay for services and groceries online using their credit card. Several machine learning methods were proposed to detect fraudulent transaction. Neural networks showed promising results, but it has some few drawbacks that can be overcome using optimization methods. There are two categories of learning optimization methods, first-order methods which utilizes gradient information to construct the next training iteration whereas, and second-order methods which derivatives use Hessian to calculate the iteration based on the optimization trajectory. There also some training refinements procedures that aims to potentially enhance the original accuracy while possibly reduce the model size. This paper investigate the performance of several NN models in detecting fraud in e-commerce transaction. The backpropagation model which is classified as first learning algorithm achieved the best accuracy 96% among all the models.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.95-100
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• 2022

Cloud computing platform is a shared pool of resources and services with various kind of models delivered to the customers through the Internet. The methods include an on-demand dynamically-scalable form charged using a pay-per-use model. The main problem with this model is the allocation of resource in dynamic. In this paper, we have proposed a mechanism to optimize the resource provisioning task by reducing the job completion time while, minimizing the associated cost. We present the Cooperative Agents Dynamic Resource Allocation and Monitoring in Cloud Computing CADRAM system, which includes more than one agent in order to manage and observe resource provided by the service provider while considering the Clients' quality of service (QoS) requirements as defined in the service-level agreement (SLA). Moreover, CADRAM contains a new Virtual Machine (VM) selection algorithm called the Node Failure Discovery (NFD) algorithm. The performance of the CADRAM system is evaluated using the CloudSim tool. The results illustrated that CADRAM system increases resource utilization and decreases power consumption while avoiding SLA violations.

• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.205-227
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• 2023

This study seeks to examine how the West, particularly United States (US), influences the narratives about terrorism, radicalism, and combating violent extremism (CVE) in Muslim majority nations such as Malaysia. We contend that some local institutions and researchers in Malaysia may have assumed the Faustian bargain by agreeing with the Western narrative that Islam's teachings promote violence and extremism in order to meet the demands of survival, whether it be funding for everyday operations or meeting the demands of universities or research institutions to sustain themselves and meet their performance indicators. We conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) from 2001 to 2021 and used Foucauldian Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to understand the role of the US in purposefully supporting workshops and research activities of particular institutions with the intent to influence national discourse on securitization and prospective policy implications. More importantly, we wish to alert Malaysian policymakers to pay particular attention and scrutinize ongoing programs such as the "Building Community Resilience" as these may inadvertently foster Islamophobia.