• Title/Summary/Keyword: perennial herb

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Comparison of The Components and the Contents in the Roots of Veronicastrum -sibiricum and Veronicastrum sibiricum var. zuccarini by HPLC- (Veronicastrum속 식물의 성분에 관한 연구 -HPLC를 이용한 냉초와 털냉초의 성분 및 함량 비교-)

  • Lee, Sook-Youn;Kim, Myung-Jin;Yim, Dong-Sool
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.34-38
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    • 1988
  • Veronicastrum species are perennial herb growing on the moisty land. They involves on species (V. sibiricum, Naeng-Cho), one subspecies (V. sibiricum var. zuccarini, Tuel-Naeng-Cho) and one variety (V. sibiricum var. zuccarini for. albiflora). This paper deals with a comparison of the chemical components between Naeng-Cho and Tuel-Naeng-Cho.) In the specified HPLC condition used with ${\mu}BondapakC_{18}\;column$, the retention time of aucubin, catalpol, minecoside and veratryl catalpol ester were 2.30, 2.65, 3.05 and 3.10 min, respectively, and in the other condition used with ${\mu}Bondapak\;C_8-NH_2$, the retention time of aucubin, catalpol, minecoside and veratryl catalpol were 5.4, 5.4, 4.4 and 3.2 min, respectively. The contents of minecoside in Tuel-Naeng-Cho were found to be 3.5 and 1mg/g of dry plant material and that of catalpol were found to be 5 and 2 mg/g, respectively.

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Four-Week Repeated Oral Toxicity Study of AIP1, a Water-soluble Carbohydrate Fraction from Artemisia iwayomogi in Mice

  • Ryu, Sung-Ha;Jo, Hae-Ran;Kim, Ji-Won;Youn, Hyun-Joo;Kim, Kyu-Bong
    • Toxicological Research
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.261-267
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    • 2011
  • Artemisia iwayomogi, a member of the Compositae, is a perennial herb easily found in Korea and used as a traditional medicine to treat liver disease. AIP1, a water-soluble carbohydrate fraction from Artemisia iwayomogi, showed anti-tumor and immuno-modulating activities in animal studies. A subacute toxicological evaluation of AIP1 was performed for 4 weeks in ICR mice. After administration of AIP1 (0, 20, 100, 500 mg/kg/day), the clinical signs, mortalities, body weight changes, hematology, blood clinical biochemistry, urinalysis, organ histopathology, organ weights and gross finding were examined. The results showed that there were no significant differences in body weight changes, food intakes, water consumptions, or organ weights among different dose groups. Also we observed no death and abnormal clinical signs during the experimental period. Between the groups orally treated with AIP1 and the control group, there was no statistical significance in hematological test or serum biochemical values. Histopathological examination showed no abnormal changes in AIP1 groups. These results suggest that no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of the oral administration of AIP1 for 4 weeks was considered to be more than 500 mg/kg/day in mice under the condition investigated in current study.

Wild Ginseng Prevents the Onset of High-Fat Diet Induced Hyperglycemia and Obesity in ICR Mice

  • Yun, Se-Na;Moon, Sang-Jung;Ko, Sung-Kwon;Im, Byung-Ok;Chung, Sung-Hyun
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.27 no.7
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    • pp.790-796
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    • 2004
  • Ginseng is a shade-loving perennial herb that is cultivated mainly in Korea, Japan, and China. The ginseng root has been used as a tonic remedy, and its antidiabetic activity has been demonstrated as early as 1920s. Although wild ginseng was anecdotally thought to be superior to cultivated ginseng as far as pharmacological properties were concerned, there have been no prior reports on the antidiabetic effect of wild ginseng. In this study, we investigated the preventative anti-diabetic and anti-obese effects of wild ginseng ethanol extract (WGEE). In the preventive experiment, WGEE co-administered with a high fat diet significantly inhibited body weight gain, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, and free fatty acid levels in a dose dependent manner. WGEE-treated mice at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg improved the insulin resistance index by 55% and 61% compared to the high fat diet (HFD) control, respectively. Diameters of white and brown adipocytes were also decreased by 62% and 46% in the WG500-treated group compared to those in HFD fed control mice. Taken together, WGEE has potential as a preventive agent for type 2 diabetes mellitus (and possibly obesity) and deserves clinical trial in the near future.

Effects of Sparganii Rhizoma Processed on Rat Lens Aldose Reductase and Anti-oxidant Activities (흑삼릉의 수치에 따른 Aldose Reductase 및 항산화활성에 미치는 영향)

  • 정상훈;신국현;신현경;임순성
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.48 no.5
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    • pp.291-296
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    • 2004
  • Sparganium stoloniferum Buch.-Ham. (Sparganiaceae) is a perennial herb which has been used as treatments for menstrual disorder, galactagogue and endometriosis in folk remedies. The Sparganii Rhizoma processed, heated with vinegar, used to different purpose compared with origin in medicine. In order to estimate the different effects between processed (PSR) and unprocessed (USR) Sparganii Rhizoma, extraction and systemic fractionation of the rhizomes were archived. Inhibitory effects of the extracts as well as the fractions of PSR and USR on rat lens aldose reductase and on rat platelet aggregation were investigated for the prevention or the treatment of chronic diabetic complications. Their antioxidant effects, measured using lipid peroxidation of liver tissue and radical scavenging activities on 1,1-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl in vitro, were evaluated. The most of biological activities tested except rat platelet aggregation, fractions from PSR were shown to exhibit stronger activities than those from USR. It seems that caused by changing of the chemical components by heating process in conditioned with acetic acid. Compounds isolated were shown to significant inhibitory activity on rat lens aldose reductase. Inhibitory activity of compounds isolated on rat lens aldose reductase have been tested in vitro. $IC_{50}$/ (6.31 $\mu$M) of cerebroside I (V) was nearly equal to that (6.32 $\mu$M) of a reference compound, tetrametbylene glutaric acid (TMG).

Anti-inflammatory Effect of Leaves Extracts from Aralia cordata through Inhibition of NF-κB and MAPKs Signaling in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 Cells

  • Ji, Eo Hyun;Kim, Da Som;Sim, Su Jin;Park, Gwang Hun;Song, Jeong Ho;Jeong, Jin Boo;Kim, Nahyun
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.31 no.6
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    • pp.634-640
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    • 2018
  • Aralia cordata (A. cordata), which belongs to Araliaceae, is a perennial herb widely distributed in East Asia. We evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of stems (AC-S), roots (AC-R) and leaves (AC-L) extracted with 100% methanol of A. cordata and elucidated the potential signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The AC-L showed a strong anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of NO production. AC-L dose-dependently inhibited NO production by suppressing iNOS, COX-2 and $IL-{\beta}$ expression in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. AC-L inhibited the degradation and phosphorylation of $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$, which donated to the inhibition of p65 nuclear accumulation and $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation. Furthermore, AC-L suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38. These results suggested that AC-L may utilize anti-inflammatory activity by blocking $NF-{\kappa}B$ and MAPK signaling pathway and indicated that the AC-L can be used as a natural anti-inflammatory drugs.

An Isocoumarin with Hepatoprotective Activity in Hep G2 and Primary Hepatocytes from Agrimonia pilosa

  • Ko, Eun-Kyung;Park, Eun-Jeon;Kim, Mi-Hee;Jun, Jung-Yang;Park, Sung-Uk;Sohn, Dong-Hwan;Kim, Youn-Chul
    • Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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    • 2002.10a
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    • pp.383.1-383.1
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    • 2002
  • In connection with our studies on the isolation of hepatoprotective constituents from natural products. we have recently reported hepatoprotective compounds including phenolic bakuchiol. diarylheptanoids. furocoumarins. In the course of continuing efforts. the aqueous extract of the roots of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. (Rosaceae) was found to exhibit promising hepatoprotective activity. A. pilosa is a perennial herb distributed throughout South Korea. and its roots have been used as the hemostatic. antimalarial. and antidysenteric agent in oriental medicine. Chemical investigation of the aqueous extract of the roots of this plant. as guided by hepatoprotective active catechin (2). Compound 1 showed hepatoprotective effects on both tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in human level derived Hep G2 cells and tert-hydroperoxide-induced cytotoxicity in rat primary hepatocyles with $EC_{50}$ values of 66.2 $\pm$ 2.8 and 22.9 $\pm$ 2.6 $\mu\textrm{M}$ respectively.

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A case of chronic licorice intoxication-induced apparent mineralocorticoid excess syndrome (만성 감초 중독으로 유발된 미네랄코르티코이드 과잉증후군 1예)

  • Young Jae Lim;Ji Eun Kim
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.151-155
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    • 2023
  • Licorice is a perennial herb belonging to the legume family that mainly grows in northeastern China, Mongolia, Siberia, and other regions. It is used in traditional medicine in the form of dried roots in the East and the West. The main active component of licorice, glycyrrhizin, is known to produce mineralocorticoid effects when consumed chronically, which can lead to apparent mineralocorticoid excess syndrome. Herein, we present the case of a 72-year-old woman who was admitted to the emergency room with severe generalized weakness and difficulty keeping her neck upright, which had developed after daily consumption of licorice-infused water for the past 2 months. Blood tests revealed metabolic alkalosis and severe hypokalemia, and an electrocardiogram showed ventricular bigeminy. The patient was treated with daily potassium and spironolactone supplements, leading to a significant improvement in muscle strength after a week. One week later, the patient was discharged, showing rare ventricular premature contractions on electrocardiography, but with no specific complaints. Chronic licorice ingestion leading to hypokalemia and muscle weakness can be life-threatening, necessitating the discontinuation of the causative agent, close monitoring, and cautious supplementation of potassium and spironolactone as treatment.

Physiological Activities using Root and Stem Extracts of Cymbidium (심비디움 뿌리 및 줄기 추출물의 생리 활성)

  • Kim, Hye-Ran;Park, Gyu-Nam;Jung, Bo-Kyoung;Shin, Yu-Su;Chang, Kyung-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.33 no.4
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    • pp.848-854
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    • 2016
  • Cymbidium is one of perennial herbs belonging to the Orchidaceae and is known as a medicinal plant. However, its scientific data are insufficient. The purpose of this study is to extract from root and stem of Cymbidium, to investigate the biological effects of them. Cymbidium antibacterial effects of the extracts were performed by antibacterial test against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Staphylococcus saphrophyticus (S. saprophyticus), Proteus vulgaris (P. vulgaris) and Klebsiella pneumonia (K. pneumonia). Antioxidant effects of the extracts were carried out by DPPH radical scavenging. Total phenolic contents were also determined. Moreover, Cell viability of extracts against MTT assay was cell viability against HepG2 cell and also measures Cholesterol adsorptivity of extracts. In this study, the extracts inhibited the growth of bacteria. Particularly Cymbidium root extracts by only ethanol extraction showed highest antimicrobial effect against S. aureus. The Cymbidium stem extracts by both ethanol extraction and sonication for 1 hour had higher antioxidant activites as well as total phenolic contents. Cell cytotoxicity showed higher than $50{\mu}g/mL$. Cholesterol adsorptivity showed lower than 20%. These results suggest that the Cymbidium might be a source of anti-bacterials and anti-oxidants.

Effects of Artemisia capillaris Methanol Extract on CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and TNF-${\alpha}+$ Splenic Cells in Tumor Cells Inoculated Mice (종양 유발 마우스의 CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ 및 TNF-${\alpha}+$ 비장세포에 인진쑥 methanol 추출물이 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Hong-Tae;Ku, Sae-Kwang;Kim, Ju-Wan;Jin, Tae-Won;Lim, Mee-Kyung;Kim, Ji-Eun;Do, Yoon-Jung;Yeo, Sang-Geon;Jang, Kwang-Ho;Oh, Tae-Ho;Lee, Keun-Woo
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2009
  • The Artemisia capillaris THUNB is a perennial herb that belongs to the family Compositae spp and probably the most common plant among the various herbal folk remedies being used in the treatment of abdominal pain, hepatitis, chronic liver disease, jaundice and coughing in Korea. Recently the biological and pharmacological actions of herb have been studied well such as antibacterial, antidiabetic and antitumor activities. This experiment was conducted to investigate antitumor and immunomodulatory effects of Artemisia capillaris extracts against Hepa-1c1c7 and Sarcoma 180 cancer cells in in vivo experimental tests. In in vivo experimental tests using 210 ICR mice, based on flow cytometry, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and TNF-${\alpha}+$ splenocytes were significantly (p<0.05) reduced in the Hepa-1c1c7 and Sarcoma 180 inoculated vehicle controls, HP and SP, compared to those of the intact vehicle control on both the $28^{th}$ day and the $42^{nd}$ day, respectively. These decreases of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and TNF-${\alpha}+$ cells induced by tumor inoculations were significantly (p<0.05) inhibited by mACH treatment regardless of the type of experiments and tumor cells inoculated. The results suggest that Artemisia capillaris methanol extracts have prominent antitumor effects on the cancer cell lines Hepa-1c1c7 and Sarcoma 180.

A Study of 'uplift yang-qi to raise sinking' efficacy in Radix Bupleuri (시호(柴胡)의 승약작용에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Pil-Sang;Kang, Ok-Hwa;Lee, Go-Hoon;Lee, Kye-Suk;Ko, Ho-Yeon;Kwon, Dong-Yeul
    • The Korea Journal of Herbology
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.213-218
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    • 2006
  • Objectives : Radix Bupleuri is from the dried root of the herb of the Perennial herbaceous plant, Bulpleurum falcatum L. or Bulpleurum chinense DC. or Bulpleurum. scorzonerifolium Willd., family Umbelliferae. Medicinal Properties are bitter and pungent in flavor, slightly cold in nature and attributed to the liver and gallbladder meridians. Actions in modern Materia Medica are regulate the functional relation of internal organs to relieve fever, disperse the stagnated liver-qi and uplift yang-qi to raise sinking. The ‘uplift yang-qi to raise sinking’ efficacy, out of three efficacies (regulate the functional relation of internal organs to relieve fever, disperse the stagnated liver-qi and uplift yang-qi to raise sinking), has been disputed in the medical profession for a long period. Hereupon, this study ascertained the reason why it has been disputed. Methods : With respect to this medicinal herb, the efficacies of regulate the functional relation of internal organs to relieve fever, disperse the stagnated liver-qi and uplift yang-qi to raise sinking were described as to what was written in ‘Shen Nong's Herbal’ from Chin and Han dynasties until Jin and Yuan dynasties. Results : The beginning of Jin and Yuan dynasties, it began to deal with the ‘uplift yang-qi to raise sinking’ efficacy and so it has been carried on modern textbooks and medical books. The reason why it was added is that it was influenced by the theory of ‘Raise Sinking’ advocated by Zhang jieku who lived in the period of Jin and Yuan dynasties. Since then, the properties of ‘Radix Bupleuri’ have been wrongly known to the public. Additionally, ‘Radix Stellariae Seu Gypsophilae’, which was begun to be introduced from the Four Cities since the Five Dynasties, has been combined with the best stuffs of ‘Radix Bupleuri’ produced from Yin Zhou. Consequently, its original properties were remarkably disordered. Likewise, respective medical schools’ theories were changed by the influence of ‘Bulpleurum. scorzonerifolium Willd’ begun to be used since Tang dynasty. Conclusion : it is considered that the current ‘Raise Sinking’ efficacy of Radix Bupleuri is unreasonable to be applied to the efficacy of the whole Radix Bupleuri because it is limited to certain species.

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