• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.5
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• pp.25-40
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• 1984

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.577-586
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to try to structuralize the perception of the mothers of science-gifted elementary students using the concept mapping approach. The mothers who participated in this research had children who were 5th and 6th graders selected as science-gifted by a regional education office, a science high school and two national universities in a city. One of the authors interviewed 26 mothers, and extracted 50 general statements of their perceptions about the career path of their children. Ten mothers who participated in interviews sorted a shuffled pack of statement cards. The categorization of the statements into the dissimilarity matrix was carried out by SPSS multidimensional scaling analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis to generate a conceptual diagram. After that 140 mothers rated each statement using a Likert-type response scale from one to five. The result showed six clusters of parental views such as were 'Burden of private education, grades and going to the next grade,' 'Thinking about career guidance in gifted education and school,' 'Parental roles in child career education,' 'Difficulties in career guidance at home,' 'Demand for strengthening the parental capacity for career guidance,' and 'Demand for social support.' 'Demand for social support' obtained the highest sympathy from mothers of elementary science gifted.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.59-79
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• 2003

The purposes of this study are to examine the participation of leisure activities for elementary school children and to analyze the children's and their mother's perception about their leisure activities. The data for the analysis are collected by the structured questionnaire and in-depth interview, The data for 106 children and their mothers living in Incheon city are analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. The result of this study is summarized as follows: First, the most frequent leisure activities participated by children were hobby and culture activities such as attending institutes or receiving private tutoring. The most prefer leisure activities of children were computer related activities, watching TV and playing with friends According to the in-depth interview, these activities contributed to getting rid of stress and relaxing tension. Second, among the various activities, children tented to perceive computer related activities, roller-binding, paper folding, reading and watching TV as the leisure activities. There was no significant difference in the perception of leisure activities between mother and children except paper folding and reading. Third, the 55.7% of mother responded that the leisure activities that they were participated in childhood were more desirable compared with their children's ones.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.91-100
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was done to investigate into the relationship between mother's stress in postpartum period and perception of infant in order to provide basic data for developing nursing intervention program. Methods: The data were collected from September 1, 2004 to October 15, from one women's hospital and three facilities for taking care of women's health after delivery located in B metropolitan city, and analyzed by SPSS/12.0 program frequency, percentage rate, mean, standard deviation, average, the maximum value, the minimum value and Person's correlation coefficient. Results: 1. The degree of stress of subjects was $75.6{\pm}38.3$(0-376) in average, and $.8{\pm}\;.4$(0-4) of average point, and the degree of perception of infant was $-5.8{\pm}5.6$(15-75) in average and $-\;.4{\pm}.4$(1-5) of average point. The relationship of degrees between the stress of subject and conception of infants that showed weak reverse relation(r= .210, p= .030). That is, the more the stress of subject was high, the more the perception of infant is relatively indefinite. Conclusion: As a result, The stress of mother in postpartum period was a level to be in need of management and the perception of infant was slightly negative. thus, the introduction of nursing assistance program is necessary to relive the stress of mother in postpartum period to promote the affirmative perception of infant.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.80-88
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the fatigue of the mothers of the hospitalized children's mothers in descriptive study. Method: Two hundred eighty three mothers who take care of the hospitalized children in three University hospitals were enrolled from June, 1 to October, 30, 2003. Data were collected using a questionnaire titled 'Symptom Table on Fatigue Perception' designed by the Fatigue Research Committee of Japan, consisted of a total 30 items categorized into three sub-dimensions: the physical, the psychological and the neuro-sensory. SPSS was used for the analysis of data with 0.05 of significance. Result: 1) The mean average fatigue score of subjects was 1.94(SD:.48): the physical fatigue revealed the highest value with a mean of 2.19(SD:.57), followed by psychological fatigue with a mean score of 1.85(SD:.52), neuro-sensory fatigue with a mean of 1.79(SD:.51). 2) With the respect to the general characteristics of hospitalized children and mothers, there were statistically significant differences in the mothers' fatigue perception by the child sex(t=-2.697, p=.008), the character of child(F=9.032, p=.000), the child condition compared to pre-hospitalization(F=3.523, p=.031), with or without support in domestic households(t=-1.981, p=.049), the amount of sleeping time(t=2.704, p=.007), and with or without of night-time sleep disturbance because of the child hospitalization(t=2.082, p=.038). Conclusion: These results suggest that health care professional need to be aware of the persistent presence of the maternal fatigue related to the child hospitalization and the factors worsen the degree of the fatigue.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.36-45
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to explore the various aspects of the fatigue in the mothers of infants and toddlers in descriptive study. Three hundred eighty mothers who visited the public primary health care center in subrural area were enrolled from October, 2001 to June, 2002. Data were collected using a questionnaire titled 'Symptom Table on Fatigue Perception' designed by the Fatigue Research Committee of Japan, consisted of a total 30 items categorized into three subdimensions: the physical, the psychological and the neuro-sensory. SPSS was used for the analysis of data with 0.05 of significance. The results were as follows: 1. The mean average fatigue score of subjects was 1.81(SD:.41): the physical fatigue revealed the highest value with a mean of 1.92(SD:.50), followed by psychological fatigue with a mean score of 1.79(SD:.48), neuro- sensory fatigue with a mean of 1.72(SD:.44). 2. With the respect to the general characteristics of subjects, there were statistically significant differences in the mothers' fatigue perception by with or without a job or not(t=2.213, p=.028), the number of children(t=-2.157, p=.032), the degree of spouse support in domestic households(F=3.315, p=.045), the degree of spouse support in the care of children(F=12.616, p=.000), and the amount of sleeping time(t=.130, p=.000). These results suggest that health care professional need to be aware of the persistent presence of the maternal fatigue related to the child rearing and the factors worsen the degree of the fatigue.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.831-839
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate whether there were any differences in the body image perception, dietary behavior and maternal dietary guidance between an obese group (“OG”) and a normal weight group (“NWG”), and furthermore, to provide basic informations for comprehensive educational programs for obese children. For this purpose, the questionnaire method was used. The subjects were 1,501 elementary school children, in the 4th to the 6th grades in Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Gwangju, and Andong, and their mothers (1,459). The percentage of the children who misperceive their body image was higher among the girls (30.4%) than the boys (22.6%) The average scores for balanced dietary behavior as assessed by the children was higher in the OG than in NWG; the average scores for dietary control as assessed by their mothers was higher in the NWG than in the OG. The scores for dietary behavior as assessed by the children was different from those as assessed by their mothers. Assuming that the mothers would give more correct and balanced answers, the development of a reliable questionnaire for dietary behavior that could be more accurately answered by the children is necessary. Maternal dietary guidance for dietary control was more frequently given in the OG as compared with the NWG and more frequently in girls as compared with boys ; while that for balanced diet was more in the NWG as compared with the OG. The worse the mothers estimate of the dietary behavior for their children, the more they tried to guide their children in dietary behavior. It is recommended that the children should be taught to correctly recognize the degree of their obesity, and receive the appropriate educational program accordingly, including the maternal dietary guidance.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.5-18
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• 1996

The purposes of this study were to measure the degree of perceived uncertainty and to identify the rearing attitudes of mothers with chronically ill children, and to examine the relationship between the perceived uncertainty and the rearing attitude of these mothers. The subjects of this study consisted of 133 mothers with chronically ill children, registered at 2 university hospitals in Seoul. Data was collected from April 1 to May 31, 1996. The Parents' Perception of Uncertainty Scale(28-item 4 point scale) and the Maternal Behavior Research Instrument (49-item 5 point scale) were used. Data was analyzed by Cluster analysis, ANOVA MANOVA and t-test. Results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. Mothers perceived their uncertainty to be slightly high (Mn 2.48). The degree of perceived uncertainty by the four components slightly differed unpredictability(2.72), lack in clarity(2.58), vagueness (2.52) and lack of information(2.04) . The degree of perceived uncertainty of mothers with ill children revealed to be influenced significantly by the age of the ill children, duration of illness after the diagnosis, and the experience of hospitalization. 2. Among the rearing attitudes : moderatlely high affective(Mn 3.98) and resrictive(Mn 3.58) attitudes of mothers toward their ill children were identified. Mothers tend to give positive evaluations of their childrens' behaviors (Mn 3.38) and less rejection(Mn 2.81). 3. Mothers' rearing attitude were correlated with the degree of perceived uncertainty in illness ; mothers in the Low Perceived Uncertainty Group (Mn 1.99) revealed the highest affective (Mn 4.08), the lowest resrictive(Mn. 2.72) attitudes and tendency to give positive evaluations of their childrens' behaviors (Mn 3.54) compared to the High Perceived Uncertainty Group(Mn 3.26) and Moderate Perceived Uncertaity Group(Mn 2.57). 4. The degree of perceived uncertainty, the duration of illness after the diagnosis and the experience of hospitalization revealed to be significantly influential to the rearing attitude of mothers with chronically ill children. From the above results, it can be concluded that predicting and controlling mothers' uncertainty are necessary for improved, efficient nursing interventions and normal growth & development of the chronically ill children.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.475-485
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• 2016

This study explored mothers' and grandmothers' perception regarding child rearing practices as overprotective behaviors for first to third grade levels of elementary school. The study was conducted on 202 mothers and grandmothers of first to third grade elementary school students. Questionnaires were made with 40 questions on overprotection behaviors selected from the existing questions for preschooler, high grade elementary students, and youth. The questionnaires were distributed to target subjects to answer how they would perceive when each of question is applied to their lower grade elementary students. Based on the collected responses and the factor analysis, it was found out that the overprotective behaviors were classified into four factors such as "reduction in independence," "over-sensitiveness to safety," "interference in daily life," and "health anxiety." There were significant differences in the perception of the overprotective behavior by the subjects depending on the generations, features of children and mothers. This study focused on the lower grade elementary school students who have been removed from studies due to the lack of intervention measures. It has the implication in that the findings of the study can give the basic data for the development of the scale on overprotective behaviors in lower grade elementary school students.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.101-112
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• 2013

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare eating habits and parenting about eating habits of the elementary schoolers in two regions, Seoul and Gangwon-do, in order to understand regional differences. Methods: The respondents of this study included 365 pairs of children and their mothers (150 pairs from Seoul and 213 pairs from Gangwon-do). Data was collected using a structured questionnaire from July to August, 2013. Results: Perceived body type, weight control, and eating habits were significantly different in two regions. Children's eating habits were significantly different by their perception of health status and body type. Their mother's parenting attitude toward eating habits was significantly different by children's weight control and mother's and children's perception of body type. Parenting attitude toward eating habits was not different between two regions by their mothers. eating habits and parenting attitude toward eating habits were significantly correlated. Conclusions: Health provider should consider regional difference when designing health promotion program for elementary students. Especially, when practicing eating habits related program, parents should be participated from the planning stage and provided with the information of the proper body image and weight control.