• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.267-279
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• 2001

The object of this study is to provide the basic data for the caring of parents by understanding emotional status, physical status, and family support of parents with cardiac disease children. The subjects of this study were consisted of 105 parents of cardiac disease children admitted at 'G' hospital in Inchon, and 'S' hospital in Puchon. The data were collected from November 6 to December 21, 2000. Four instruments were used to collect the data : Spielberger's STIS, Cornell Medical Index(CMI), Yang's stress scale, and Moos's Family Environment Scale Form R, the latter 3 are modified by researcher. The collected data were tested using frequencies, percentiles, means, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient with SPSSWIN program. The results of this study were as follows: 1. There were statistically significant differences in degree of anxiety on age, number of children, and children's order of birth. 2. There was a statistically significant difference in degree of physical status on presence of the other patient in family. 3. There were not statistically significant differences in degree of stress and family support on demographic factors. 4. There were positive correlations between physical status and family support, and between anxiety and stress, but negative correlations between family support and stress, between anxiety and family support, between anxiety and physical status, and between stress and physical status.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.1-13
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• 1993

This study examined the expenditure on time-saving services and related variables. The time-saving services are food away from home, delivery food, dry cleaning, clothing care, helper and total service. The specific objectives of this study were: (1) to investigate the differences in the expenditure on time saving services according to social economic and demographic variables. (2) to investigate the differences in the expenditure on time-saving services according to role-overload, home goal orientation and work goal orientation. (3) to investigate the independent influence of variables related to the expenditure on time-saving services. For this objectives survey was conducted using interview. The data used in this study included 160 women living in Seoul from employed professional housewives, employed non-professional housewives and non-employed housewives. Statistical analyses were conducted using frequencies, percentiles, mean, oneway ANOVA, DUNCAN-test and multiple regression. The major findings were: (1) Wife's education, wife's age, income, tenure, level of living and employment status were significantly related to the expenditure on time-saving services by using the one-way ANOVA. (2) Income, education, level of living, number of children, and employment status explained the variance of the expenditures on time-saving services about 20%-39% by using a multiple regression method.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.7 s.209
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• pp.23-35
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• 2005

This study examined the consumer complaining behavior after purchasing functional health foods and investigated the variables which influence public and private consumer complaining behavior. The subjects of this study were 206 consumers who were dissatisfied after purchasing functional health foods. The survey was conducted during September. 15-October 6, 2003. Percentiles, frequencies, means, $X^2$ and logistic regression were utilized for data analysis with SPSS program. Major findings were as follows: 1 The groups reporting public complaining behavior were over college graduate, high income workers, professional and clerical workers(demographic variables). Purchasing related variable were high purchasing price, strategy of sales person and. ad, purchasing channel through door to door sales, telemarketing, multi level sales, and home shopping, purchasing purpose of weight control and cosmetic. 2. The groups reporting private complaining behavior were high school graduate, low income workers, housewives and the unemployed(demographic variables). Purchasing related variable were low purchasing price, the case of consumer need, purchasing in the shop, purchasing purpose of health restoration.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.47-57
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a mathematics basis underachiever program on a mathematics achievement and mathematics attitudes. For this investigation, twenty eight-grade students as an experimental group were trained in a mathematics basis underachiever program by trained teachers in a middle school classroom for a period of 8 weeks. Twenty eight-grade students in another middle school, serving as a control group. Both groups were given a pretest and a posttest to check the mathematics achievement inspection tool(Likert-type Mathematics Attitude Survey; LTMAS) and a mathematics attitude inspection tool(KEDI, 2001). In the analysis of data Frequencies, percentiles, t-test were used. The results of the study are summarized as follows; First, the results showed that the experimental group demonstrated significantly higher differences than the control group in the mathematics achievement components of inequality equation, figure area and the whole in a mathematical achievement(p<.05). Second the results showed that the experimental group demonstrated significantly higher differences than the control group in the mathematics attitude components of positive mathematics attitude, negative mathematics attitude and the whole in a mathematical attitude(p<.05).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.1019-1028
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to compare the body measurements of cyclists and non-cyclists and to classify cyclists＇ body types to offer basic information for the bicycle apparel manufacturer in Korea. The anthropometric data was collected including both direct and indirect measurements of 81 cyclists (40 female, 41 male) aged from 19 to 24. Anthropometric measurements were analyzed using percentiles, T-test, factor and cluster analysis. The results were as follows; Comparison of anthropomeoic data between cyclist and non-cyclist was to clarify that cyclists have bigger size than non-cyclists; especially the thigh circumference shows big differences. As the result of factor analysis, 5 factors, which explain 74% of variance, were extracted from all items for male and female cyclists. The results of cluster analysis classified body types into 3 groups. Cluster 1 among three female cyclist groups has biggest torso and had an erect back. Cluster 2 has small size among three female group and drooping shoulders. Cluster 3 has the bended forward shoulders and shows the protrusion back. In case of male cyclists, cluster 1 has thin body type owing to big height measurements and small girth measurements. Cluster 2 among three male groups has the biggest torso and thigh circumference. Cluster 3 has big forward angle of shoulders and shows the protrusion of the back as female cyclist.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1627-1637
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• 2002

The objective of this study is to analyze the images of basic bodice apparel displayed on the PC monitor connected to digital camera, and to suggest a more efficient alternative method that enables the expert judge to evaluate the subject both traditional method and displayed images on the computer. Appearance evaluation has traditionally been assessed using subjective method dependent upon expertjudges' senses with the naked eye after direct observation of a living model. This research faces the new challenge focusing on the sensory evaluation of appearance for basic apparel patterns, which can overcome the space and time limitations of the traditional feet methods. A total fifteen basic bodice garment (3 types of $pattern\;{\times}\;5$ subject) were constructed with same fabrics. The appearance evaluation items consist of lg questions of upper torso. The image takes font, back and side view of the dressed subject with three different situations. Data was analyzed using percentiles, standard deviation T-test and ANOVA. Taken together, the present result of appearance evaluation through digital camera image shows that there is a significant difference ($p{\leq}.001$) in the response to the placement of the neckline, the waist & shoulder dart, the general ease of the bust & waist area, the side seam, the perpendicular of the waist hem and general acceptability between the above three different situations; the image in the condition of greenish yellow background with front light showed the highest score through all questions. These results depend on the kind of background colors with the light.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.89-101
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate college students' psychological well-being influenced by optimism and orientations to happiness. The participants were 412 college students aged from 20 to 28. Data were analyzed using Cronbach's alpha, frequencies, percentiles, means, standard deviations, two-way ANOVAs and hierarchical regression analyses. The major findings were as follows. 1) In optimism, there were no significant differences in gender and the year of study in college. In orientations to happiness, male students pursued engagement in happiness more than female students and the seniors reported a significantly higher level of pursuit of happiness than freshmen did. In terms of psychological well-being, seniors scored significantly higher psychological well-being than freshmen. 2) Optimism and orientations to happiness were significant predictors of the psychological well-being of college students. With circumstances and optimism controlled, orientations to happiness still showed 13% variance in psychological well-being.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.187-203
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• 1994

This study investigated the relation of androgynous parent's child-rearing practices to children's self-perceived competence by comparison of the effectiveness of androgynous people as parents compared with parents who are other-typed in their sex-role identity. The subjects were 362 third and sixth grade children and their parents selected from two elementary schools in Seoul. The instruments were a children's self-perceived competence scale, a perception of maternal warmth and control scale, a perception of paternal warmth and control scale, parent's self-esteem scale, and parent's sex-role identity scale. Frequencies, percentiles, mean, ${\chi}^2$ test, two way-ANOVA, one way-ANOVA, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ and $Scheff{\acute{e}}$-test were used for data-analysis. The major findings showed that (1) Androgynous and masculine fathers had higher self-esteem than feminine or undifferentiated fathers. Androgynous, masculine, and feminine mothers had higher self-esteem than undifferentiated mothers. (2) There was no difference in children's perception of parental warmth and control as related to parent's sex-role identity. Androgynyous parents were not more likely to be authoritative parents. (3) Sons of androgynous parents had higher self-perceived competence than those of sex-typed parents, while daughters of sex-typed parents had higher self-perceived competence than those of androgynous parents.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.10
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• pp.1278-1282
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• 2002

Glutaric aciduria(type 1) is characterized clinically by progressive dystonia and dyskinesia in childhood, pathologically by degeneration of caudate and putamen, biochemically by tissue deficiency of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase(GCDH), and is transmitted as an autosomal recessive traits. Mutations of the GCDH gene on chromosome 19 have been implicated in the causation of glutaric aciduria(type 1). Macrocephaly in infancy and crossing of percentiles for head circumference are real clues to early diagnosis. Acute neuroregression of dystonia following an initial phase of normal or almost normal development is a common mode of presentation, at times preceded by seizures. We experienced a case of glutaric aciduria(type 1) in a 13-month old girl. She was admitted due to development delay and choreoasthetoid movememt that developed after generalized tonic-clonic type seizures. She was diagnosed as having glutaric aciduria(type 1) based on brain MRI and urine organic acid analysis finding.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.299-308
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was done to compare the perceived nursing needs as reported by admitted patients and nurses in a general hospital. Method: The participants were 194 patients and 183 nurses in a general hospital in Seoul. The instruments were constructed based on a prior study review and revised after a pilot study with 3 patients. The questionnaire for nursing needs included questions on physical, therapeutic, emotional, educational and socioeconomic domains. Data were collected between February 29 and March 26 for patients and between February 19 and 26, 2002 for nurses. The data were analyzed with frequencies, percentiles, means and t-test. Results: The results were as follow: 1. The total score for perceived nursing needs by nurses was higher than that reported by patients except for socioeconomic needs. 2. There were significant differences between patients and nurses only in the emotional domain (t=3.50, p=.001). 3. The highest score was for therapeutic needs and the next was for educational needs. 4. Relatively higher scored items were for comfort care, prevention of nosocomial infections, immediate treatment, monitoring health condition, kindness, and explanation of tests and treatments. Conclusion: Nurses generally understand patients' nursing needs but have to be more interested in patients' needs in order to prevent nosocomial infections, to provide care in a good relationship with the doctors and to encourage the patients.