• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.19-31
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• 1998

Nursing science is focusing increasingly on family health care. Especially during the launching stage of family the grown-up sons daughters, and middlescent parents daughters have experienced a lot of change. The purpose of this study is to investigate the family health during the launching stage of the family by utilizing the family health assessment tool based on Roy's adaptation model. The Roy adaptation model was used as it is the best practice-based framework for Family Health Nursing Care. The data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The structure of the questionnaire was developed from the Family Health Assessment Tool by S.O. Jang(1996). The sample of 276 subjects was a convenient sample and data was obtained from November 14, 1996 to December 4, 1996. In order to analyze the collected data, this study utilized frequency, percentile, average, ANOVA, Cronbach's, and factor analysis. The results from this research are summarized as follows : 1. The degree of family health is average $95.24{\pm}9.40$ ranged in middle. 2. The significant difference between general characteristics and family health was only revealed with the major decision making person in the family. This research thus suggests the following : 1. The legal system is needed in order to check the family members' health state regularly. 2. With family nursing care, it has to identify who is the major decision maker in that family. 3. There is a need to redefine the family health assessment tool. 4. Further research will attempt to investigate family health in each family's developmental stage.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.47 no.12
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• pp.39-44
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• 2010

In LTE-Advanced systems, every sector uses the entire range of the frequency resource, and when the UEs are located at a cell edge, user throughputs degrade due to the interferences from the adjacent cells. In this paper, we propose a combined scheme for inter-cell interference avoidance and power control. In the proposed algorithm, the sectors consist of the right edge, the left edge and the center for resource allocation and we control the transmission power to improve the user throughputs at the edge of each cell. Using a system level simulation, we analyze low 5th percentile and average user throughputs of the UEs who are located the cell, center and edge when the inter-cell interference avoidance and the power control are combined.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.555-565
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• 2004

The objective of this study was conducted to investigate growth and development status of infants fed soy-based formulas over 3 months. The height and weight were measured and Z-scores were calculated by using standard of the same age groups. Their mothers were interviewed using questionnaires including general and environmental characteristics, total food intakes, soy based formula intakes and Ewha infant development screening test. Main results were as follows: 1) Nutrient intake levels of subjects were similar to or more than the level of Korean Recommended Dietary Allowances except for intakes of vitamin E (79.89% RDA), and the average status of nutrient intakes of infants were fairly good. 2) Z-scores of height for age (HAZ) and Z-scores of weight for age (WAZ), Kaup index, WLI and Ewha Infant Developmental Screening Test score of subjects were in the normal growth range. 3) There were no significant differences among soy based formula intake percentile groups in HAZ, WAZ, Kaup index, WLI and Ewha Infant Developmental Screening Test score. 4) Total energy intake was positively correlated with HAZ (p < 0.00, WAZ (p <0.00, and WLI (p < 0.05) in infants less than 12 month. Also, soy based formula energy intake was positively correlated with HAZ (p < 0.05) in infants less than 12 month. However, energy and soy based formula intake levels of infants over 12 month were not significant among variables. Considering results of this study, infants fed soy-based formulas over 3 months showed normal growth and development status. Further studies are needed to evaluate longterm growth and development in infants fed soy based formulas.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.527-533
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to validate waist circumference (WC) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) corresponding to body mass index (BMI) of $25kg/m^2$ and to survey the prevalence of hypertension according to obesity in female college students. Method: Weight, height, waist and hip circumferences and blood pressure were measured for each of 286 female college students in J City, Chungbuk. Results: The subjects' mean BMI was $21.4kg/m^2$, and the estimated prevalence of obesity was 11.2%. The subjects, the 80th-90th percentile of whom had BMI exceeding $25kg/m^2$, were found to have WC of 75-78.1 cm and WHR of 0.79-0.80, respectively. Of the subjects with obesity($BMI{\geq}25kg/m^2$), 53.1% exhibited abdominal obesity ($WC{\geq}80cm$) and 40.6% had WHR over 0.80. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were correlated with BMI, WC, and WHR. The prevalence rate of hypertension in subjects with obesity($BMI{\geq}25kg/m^2$) was 25%. Additionally, the prevalence rate of hypertension in subjects with abdominal obesity ($WC{\geq}80cm$) was 39.1%. Conclusions: Our study indicates that WC corresponding to BMI of $25kg/m^2$ in female subjects in their twenties is different from that of adult women. We also found that the prevalence rate of hypertension in subjects with abdominal obesity was high. Therefore. we suggest further studies to determine the cutoff value of WC for evaluating abdominal obesity and to investigate the long-term effects of obesity on women in their twenties.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.88-98
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• 1977

This study was designed to identify a more effective method of nursing interview in gathering informations by comparing the two, the structured and unstructured methods. May through October, 1976, 40patients on psychiatric wards of Korea University Hospital and National Mental Hospital, Seoul, were sampled and interviewed on their admission/within one week of admission. Both methods were used simultaneously by different interviewers ; 48 hour interval were kept between the two approaches of interview. Contents of informations gathered were grouped according to the criteria developed by the researcher, frequency, percentile score and the means were scored, and the two methods were compared; the amount of information gathered, number of questions used, time spent and the general response towards the methodologies. Results of the study are summarized as follows ; 1. 1. 5 times as many informations were gathered through the structured interview. (1366 ; 849) 2. 68.32% of informations gathered through the unstructured interview and 42.46% of the structured interview revealed to be overlapping; through structured interview, more unique informations (57.54%) were gathered. 3. The average of 33.25 minutes were consumed for the structured interview while 95, 50 minutes for the unstructured. Much higher time consumption is revealed in the unstructured. 4. Majority of patients showed positive response towards both approaches of interview (90% each), however, interviewers responded to experience of certain degree of tension (stress) in the unstructured method (35%) 5. The average of 0.88 question were used to gather one information in the structured while 1.87questions for the unstructctured were used. 6. The average of 0.97 minutes were consumed to gather one information in the structured while 4.50minutes for the unstructured. 7. The average of 1.11 minutes were consumed for one question for the structured while 2.41 minutes for the unstructured. The results of the study revealed that the structured interview were more effective in gathering informations; a larger quantity of informations were gathered in shorter time. Recommendations for further in investigations are as follows ; 1. Comparative analysis of informations gathered through the two methods by experienced professional nurse- interviewers is recommended. 2. Comparative analysis of the quality of informations is recommended. 3. Comparative analysis of the interviewing process (interactions) in relation to the characteristics of patients'health problems is recommended.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.367-378
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• 2003

Purpose: The research studied to survey the degree of utilization, satisfactions and problems of the computerization in nursing practice. Method: The subjects were 176 nurses who are working at university hospital in Seoul. The research was operated by 75 questionaries which were developed and modified from precedence study of Kim(1998), No(1996) and Pang(1996). The data was processed by SPSS for window 11.0 and the results analyzed with number, percentile, average, t-test and ANOVA. Results: As the way of using computer system in nursing, the most nurses used that to Dr's order check, treatment activity, laboratory, barcode sticker, medication in order that were connected with order system mutually to other parts. The average degree of contentment from the computerization in nursing practice was presented as 3.855 in the full mark 5. The facility of stock management got the highest points(4.98). The problem was marked 3.12 and the biggest problem is interruption of work from the computer system error(4.03). The contentment of computerization in nursing practice by duty year was reflected a significant difference(F=5,457 P=0.005) and was not related with computerization and computer education(F=0.028 P=0.867, F=2.178 P=0.142).

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.735-742
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• 2002

This study was conducted to identify the pain characteristics, family support and physical functioning and to determine predictors of the quality of life in aged women with chronic pain. Method: The questionnaires were collected through direct interview by a trained research assistant from July 2 to August 24, 2001. Subjects were 108 women clients with chronic pain over 65 years of age. Data analyzed frequency, percentage, mean, Pearson's correlation, ANOVA and stepwise multiple regression by SAS. Result: Care providers were mostly spouses and daughters in law. Care providers who took care of elderly for a few hours a day had the highest percentile. Aged women had persistently had chronic pain of moderate intensity and was moderately satisfied with pain management. The mean score of disability due to pain was 3 on a 10 point scale. The mean scores of physical function and quality of life were moderate and there were negative correlations between pain characteristics, physical functioning, and quality of life at the range from r=-.46 to r=-.83. Satisfaction with care, duration of pain, disability due to pain, and physical functioning accounted for 56% of the variance in perceived quality of life for aged women with chronic pain. Disability due to pain was the most predictable variable of quality of life and physical function was the second .Conclusion: The results suggest that care by family, education in pain control, prevention of disability, and maintenance of physical function are important to improve and maintain quality of life in aged women with chronic pain. Therefore, there is a need for program development that enhance family support and nursing intervention that focuses on active pain control.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.61-76
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to investigate the degree of influence on the elderly’s life adjustment and decision making in the family. For these research tasks the data were collected through interview. the respondents were 296 of man and woman elderly who lived in JeonJu. It was analyzed by various statistical methods such as Frequency, Percentile, ANOVA, correlate, t-test, Multiple Regression Analysis. The finding of this study are as follows; 1) Decision-making of the elderly in family had significant differences I the area of sex, the sum of monthly personal expenses, satisfaction level of personal expenses, subjective economic level and self-esteem in the order named. 2) Elderly life-adjustment had significant differences in the area of the residential district, the present job, the situation of a apouse, religion, education, the sum of the monthly personal expenses, health, satisfaction level of personal expenses, subjective economics level and self-esteem. 3) When we observe relationship with the elderly decision-making in family and life-adjustment, relation decision-making in family and life-adjustment appeared positively. 4) Decision-making of the elderly in family had the significant differences according to the variables such as sex, the sum of monthly personal expenses, and self-esteem in the order named, and the most influential factor among them was sex. 5) Elderly life-adjustment had the significant differences according to the variables such as self-esteem, decision-making, religion, health, the sum of the monthly personal expenses, the residential district in the order named. The most influential factor was self-esteem and the explanary of those variables for the elderly life-adjustment was 55.1%.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 1994

This paper analysis the structure of Housing Consumption Expenditure of urban salary and wage-earners' households from 1982 to 1992 by employing Time-series. Data was based on " Annual report on the Family Income and Expenditure Survey" of the National Bureau of Statistic Planning Board, Republic of Korea. Percentile marginal-propensity to consume(MPC) and income elasticity of consumption expenditure are estimated by their socio-economic and demographic variables. The results are as follows: 1. The proportion of the expenditure for furniture and utensils and house mending has increased with the increase of income in urban salary and wage-earners' households, while fuel light and water charges and rents paid has decreased. 2.1) Engel Function by income group; MPC associated with rents paid and fuel light and water charges is higher in the lower income group than in the rest. The income elasticity estimates in rents paid and fuel light and water charges is less than 1 in all group while larger than 1 in furniture and utensils and house mending. 2) Engel Function by occupation of household head; The highest MPC in rents paid is associated with the sales profession. The income elasticity of fuel light and water charge is found be inelastic. The groups other than the sales group show irregular MPC. 3) Engel Function by family size; MPC in house mending and fuel light and water charge is increased while is decreased in rents paid in accordance with family size. The income elasticity of rents paid and fuel light and water charge is less than 1 in all groups while that of house mending and furniture and utensils is larger than 1. 4) Engel Function by age of housegold head; MPC in rents paid is decreased according to the age of housefold head. The income elasticity of rents paid and fuel light and water charge is less than 1 in all group while it is larger than 1.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.10
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• pp.181-197
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• 2000

The purposes of this study were to compare financial status of home-based family business with that of ensile family business, and to analyze the factors effected on financial status of both business groups. The sample consisted of 295 home-based family business and 418 ensile family business among self-employed household of 1998 Korea Household Panel Data, and analyzed into Frequencies, Percentile, t-test, $\chi$$^2$-test and Regression. The findings were as follows: First, in case of financial status of household, there was no significant difference between home-based family business and ensile family business. Second, in case of financial status of business, total sales amount and net profit of home-based family business were lower than those of onsite family business, however net profit to total sales ratio of home-based family business was higher than those of onsite family business. Third, the factors contributing to total expenditure to total income ratio of home-based family business were business owner's present economic perception, future economic expectancy and residence, while business owner's age, the number of children and of tamer, and residence were significant variables contributing to same ratio of onsite family business. The factors contributing to total asset to total debt ratio of home-based family business was only business owner's future economic expectancy, however factors affected on the counterpart were business owler's future economic expectancy and job type of family business. Fourth, the variables of sex, age, educational level of family business owner, job type and family type of family business were associated with net profit to total sales ratio of home-based family business, and sex, educational level of family business owner, job type of family business, and the number of employees were related to same ratio of the counterpart. In addition, educational level of family business owner, job type and residence were related with total sales to the number of employees ratio of home-based family business, and educational level of family business owner and job tape of family business were related to same ratio of ensile family business.