• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.113-119
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study was to compare to the effects of regular exercise on body fat contents and plasma lipid composition of college women. This study was conducted from May to August in 2000. The subjects selected for the experiment were composed sixty three female college students. The basal anthropometric measurements were performed. The levels of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and fatty acid composition of plasma were determined. And plasma glucose concentrations was also assayed. The results obtained are summerized as follows : Average height and weight of E(exercise) group were found to be slightly higher than NE(non exercise) group. The percent of body fat and body fat mass (kg) in E group was slightly lowered than that of NE group. There was decreased on the levels of plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride by regular exercise. HDL-cholesterol level was not significantly different between two groups, but LDL-cholesterol level in E group was significantly lowered than that of NE group. Therefore, plasma total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels was significantly decreased by regular exercise.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.43 no.3
• /
• pp.260-272
• /
• 2010

This study examined how the participation rates contribute to subjects' outcomes after a nutrition education (once/week) and exercise (3 times/week) intervention program for 12 weeks in 44 obese female subjects. The subjects were divided into two groups: high-participator (HP) or low-participator (LP) groups according to their participation levels based on the median visit value (30 visits out of a total of 48 visits). Daily nutrient intakes assessed by a 24-hour recall, body composition, blood lipid profiles and physical fitness were measured at baseline and after 12 weeks. After the intervention, weight, BMI, percent body fat, and the waist-hip ratio were significantly decreased in the HP group. In addition, the HP group had a greater rates of changes in weight (HP group: -6.6% and LP group: -3.1%, p < 0.01), BMI (-7.0% and -3.2%, p < 0.01), percent body fat (-7.8% and -4.2%, p < 0.05), and waist-hip ratio (-3.1% and -0.4%, p < 0.01) compared to the LP group. Energy-adjusted protein, fiber, potassium, vitamin $B_1$, vitamin $B_6$, and vitamin C were significantly increased in the HP group. The HP group showed a significant increase in HDLcholesterol and a decrease in blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and atherogenic index (AI). While the muscle endurance, muscle strength, power, agility and flexibility were significantly increased in the HP group, agility and balance were improved in the LP group. In addition, dietary behavior score was significantly increased and stress score decreased in the HP group compared to the LP group. High participation rates were correlated with the improvement of the nutrient density (protein, fiber, potassium, Vitamin $B_1$, Vitamin $B_2$, Vitamin $B_6$ and folate), anthropometric parameters (body weight, BMI and percent body fat), serum lipid profiles (HDL-cholesterol, Triglyceride, and AI) and physical fitness (muscle endurance) adjusted for age, menopausal status, alcohol drinking, nutritional supplement use and baseline BMI. Our results suggest that high participation in nutrition education and exercise program was effective not only for weight reduction but also for the improvement of physical fitness in obese women.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.52-62
• /
• 2006

This study was conducted to investigate dietary macronutrient and $VO_{2}$ by BMI The subjects consisted of 50 female college students. They were divided into three groups: Below BMI 18.5 kg/$m^{2}$ (n = 9), BMI 18.5 - 23 kg/$m^{2}$ (n = 28), above BMI 23 g/$m^{2}$ (n = 13). Health-related questionnaires, dietary macronutrients, macronutrient compositions, food frequency questionnaires, body compositions and $VO_{2}$ were studied. Macronutrient compositions that macronutrient intakes were expressed by the percentage of daily energy intakes. There were significant differences in body fat, percent of body fat, and fat distribution by BMI Also, significantly increasing of basal metabolic rate (BMR) was shown by BMI, but BMR per body weight was decreased by BMI Overall, there were no significant differences in health-related questionnaires, food frequency questionnaires (FFQ), dietary macronutrients and $VO_{2}$ by BMI but salty taste preferences and carbohydrate intakes, FFQ of beans, white vegetables rand, yellow-green vegetables in the above BMI 23 g/$m^{2}$ group were significantly higher than other groups. There were no significant differences in macronutrient composition but the lipid composition of subjects was shown above $20\%$. Also, energy intakes of subjects were shown to be low; especially the below BMI 18.5 kg/$m^{2}$ group was very low ($55\%$ of RDA). Significantly positive correlation was found in BMR and body composition such as skeletal muscle & lean body mass, but significant correlation was not found in BMR and dietary macronutrients. Overall, researched energy metabolism factor was not different by BMI Only in the BMI 18.5 23 kg/$m^{2}$ (normal) group, significantly positive correlation was found in $VO_{2}$peak and body fat oxidation. Therefore, proper nutritional education for female college students is needed in order to improve their obesity-related health. Moreover, a nutritional survey method of finding diverse factors that affect their health should be developed to meet various needs.

• Biomedical Science Letters
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.169-177
• /
• 2010

Osteoporosis is a disease that increases the fracture rates and a major cause of increased mortality and morbidity in the elderly people. This study is to determine which components of body composition and metabolic syndrome risk factors are important to bone health, we analysed the relationship among bone mineral density (BMD), body composition and metabolic syndrome risk factors in females. Totally 630 females participated in a medical check-up program (mean age 47 years) were selected for this study. Body composition analysis was performed by segmental bioelectrical impedance method, muscle mass, and percent body fat were measured. We also measured metabolic syndrome risk factors including abdominal obesity, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, blood pressure and fasting glucose level. Metabolic syndrome was defined by NCEP-ATP III criteria. The lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD were measured using the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Osteopenia and osteoporosis were observed in 180 and 51 persons, respectively. Muscle mass and HDL-cholesterol decreased in osteopenia and osteoporosis groups compared to the control group, and the grade was shown progressively by the symptoms. Significant positive correlation between BMD and muscle mass was observed. Multi variable regression analyses showed that % body fat and muscle mass were independent predictors of BMD after adjustment of age, height and weight. In conclusion, the BMD showed negative correlation with the metabolic and body composition was associated with BMD.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.231-241
• /
• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine effects of sarcopenic obesity on metabolic syndrome in Korean elders. Methods: This study is based on the analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) with 1,155 subjects (524 men, and 631 women) aged 60 or older, from 2008 to 2011. Sarcopenia was defined as an appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM), divided by weight (%) of <1 SD (standard deviation) below the sex-specific mean for young adults. Obesity was defined as a total body fat percent (men${\geq}$25%, women${\geq}$35%). Results: The prevalence of SO (sarcopenic obesity) was 13.3% among men and 22.5% among women. Both sexes showed a higher total body fat percent, and the SMI (skeletal muscle index) was the lowest in the SO group. Metabolic syndrome was highly prevalent in the SO group (52.5% men, 60.4% women). The SO group showed a higher risk for metabolic syndrome (odds ratio men 6.57 [95% CI 5.19~7.27], women 3.89 [95% CI 2.41~6.29]) than the obese group (men 3.14 [95% CI 1.76~4.14], women 2.54 [95% CI 1.38~4.65]). Conclusion: SO is a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome in Korean elders. Therefore, a nursing program should be given to the Korean elderly SO group to prevent metabolic syndrome.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.14-20
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify how accurately body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) detect obesity in young adult women. Method: Measurements of height, weight, WC, and percent body fat (% BF) were obtained and bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to estimate body fat in 329 female college students. The sensitivity and specificity to screen obesity by BMI and WC were determined using SPSS. Received operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the appropriate BMI and WC predicting % BF. Results: % BF-defined obesity $(\geq30%)$ had higher prevalence than BMI-defined obesity $(\geq25kg/m^2)$ and WC-defined obesity $(\geq80cm)$. BMI $\geq25kg/m^2$ and WC $\geq80cm$ had high specificity (both, 100%), but low sensitivity (respectively, 13.5% and 22.9%) in detecting % BF-defined obesity. The BMI and WC cutoff values corresponding to % BF-defined obesity were 21.2kg/$m^2$ and 73cm, which were lower than recommended reference values for Korean women. These values decreased specificity but increased sensitivity to detect obesity. The areas under the ROC curve were good (0.84, 0.86) for BMI and WC. Conclusion: BMI and WC have good specificity but miss more than $77\sim86%$ of people with excess fat. Therefore, BMI and WC cutoff values need to be revised and body fat should be considered when screening for obesity in young adult women.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.297-303
• /
• 2018

This study investigated the effect of community-based health intervention program to improve metabolic disease in Jeju island. There were 50 obese local residents in the experimental group (body mass index, $BMI{\geq}25kg/m^2$). They participated in cooking therapy with nutrition education (4 times), exercise program with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) and stretching training (9 times), and alternative medicine program with healing touch massage (3 times) during a 3-week period. To evaluate the effectiveness of the program, body composition, blood lipid profiles, blood glucose, and waist circumference were assessed before and after the intervention program. After the program, the value of total cholesterol (TC), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), diastolic blood pressure, percent body fat, and waist circumference were decreased, and became the normal value. Especially, HbA1C, percent body fat, and waist circumference were significantly decreased (P<0.001) in the experimental group, while HbA1C, percent body fat, and waist circumference were significantly increased (P<0.001) in the control group (N=50), who had no intervention. Our results suggest that metabolic syndrome associated markers need intervention program for improving them. In conclusion, although this study did not analyze the effect of the health intervention program and cooking therapy separately, considering the result of this 3-week, short term program, the effect will be more profuse if cooking therapy and exercise program were performed concurrently.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.105-113
• /
• 2020

Objectives Excess weight and obesity are a crucial public health problem worldwide and are considered as the main cause of many chronic diseases. The present study evaluated the effects of Aronia melanocarpa extract (AMEX) supplementation on body compositions in overweight or obese people. Methods This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was carried out on 66 healthy overweight or obese peoples. The eligible subjects were divided into AMEX and placebo supplement treatment for 12 weeks. Anthropometrics, body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), and blood analysis were performed preand post intervention. Results We observed significant reductions in the body weight and body mass index in both groups; however, the decrease was higher in the AMEX group. Body fat mass and percent body fat showed a tendency to decreases after AMEX supplementation. No clinically significant changes were observed for any safety parameter. Conclusions In conclusion, the data of this trial indicate that AMEX were not effective in reducing body compositions, but as a safe supplement, it may help weight loss in overweight or obese people.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.503-511
• /
• 2000

This case study was done on a 37 year old female patient at the department for rehabilitation in Bundang Cha Oriental hospital who was treated for 70 days by traditional Acupuncture and Herbal medicine therapy as well as fasting with saengshig(生食), air bath(風浴) and cold-hot-bath(冷溫浴) for skin revitalisation, furthermore by Doinangyo and exercise for improvement of general condition and colon-hydrocleansing. The results are as following: 1. The body weigth was reduced by 14.5kg from 87.4kg to 72.9kg 2. The obesity degree reduced from 159% to 133% 3. The BMI reduced from 33.3 to 27.8 4. The WHR reduced from 0.96 to 0.88 5. The amount of body fat reduced by 7.7kg from 27.2kg to 19.5kg 6. The fat distribution of the abdomen reduced from 0.92 to 0.85 7. The percent body fat was reduced from 31.1% to 26.7 % 8. Except of a mild systemic pruritus the clinical symtoms like kneepain, fatigue, chilling, headache, indigestion, menorrhalaia improved significantly.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.106-112
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate to the effect of regular exercise on nutrients intakes and energy balance related to food habit and nutrient knowledge of college women. This study was conducted from May to June in 2000. One hundred and forty female students made their three day dietary records by 24-hr recall method and one day activity record. The questionaires were designed to fine out food habit and nutrition knowledge status. The height. weight and blood pressure were measured and also body fat mass and lean body mass measurements were performed. The results obtained are summerized as follows. Average height and weight of E(exercise) group were found to be increased than those of NE(non-exercise) group. The percent of body fat and body fat mass(kg) in E group were slightly lower than those of NE group. Calorie intake of NE group was 1,664kca1 per day. This was composed of carbohydrate 60%kcal. protein 14%local and fat 24%local. Calorie, calcium, iron, vitamin A, vitamin B$_2$ and niacin intakes of NE group were lower than those of RDA and calorie intake of E group was 2.313kca1 per day. This was composed of carbohydrate 54%, protein 13% and fat 31%. Other nutrients such as iron, vitamin A, niacin and vitamin C were lower than those of RDA. Daily energy expenditure and physical activity of E group were 2,397.6$\pm$49.2kca1; 1,035.7 $\pm$36.5kcal, respectively and it was higher than those of NE group.