• Title/Summary/Keyword: penetration energy

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A Study of energy conversion by the penetration control in the skin (에너지변환을 이용한 피부의 투과조절에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Jeong-Lae;Kim, Hye-Ju
    • The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.43-48
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    • 2017
  • We are confirmed to the variation of the transfer condition and the functional penetration by the permitted conversion energy on the skin. The given conversion energy is consist of the flow level of penetration control and go to the processing transfer in the skin that is to create the modeling for algorithm. The energy level of control processing was achieved effectively modeling system that was the composition of auto and local control level in the epidermis-dermis layer. Their penetration pulse control system was consisted of conversion energy with reference of fixing situation and recreation of designed apparatus for the energy control function that was converted to capacity by the size, form and combination. Also, the system was shown accurately distribution of conversion at the depth of skin correction. Therefore, conversion modeling was established effectively to separate the division parts for conversion system. We will be possible to progress the improvement effectiveness of the skin and to consist of the continuous penetration control system for functional energy on the skin.

다목적 콘 관입시험기의 활용

  • Bae, Myeong-Ho;Yoon, Hyung-Koo;Kim, Ju-Han;Lee, Jong-Sub
    • Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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    • 2010.03a
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    • pp.163-170
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    • 2010
  • Today, In-Situ testing for measureing geotechnical characterization are divided by Cone Penetration Test, Standard Penetration Test and Dilatometer Test, and will vary depending on soil conditions have been applied (Korea Geotechnical Engineering, 2006). However, these methods can be applied on sand or soft clay soil. Now, many studies are progressing for evaluating the stiffness characteristic of rocks and IGM. and Nam moon suk(2006) did Texas Cone Penetrometer Test for designing field penetration pile intruded at rocks and IGM. but, reliability of Texas Cone Penetration Test has confidence limits because TCPT is testing in Texas centrally, and energy dose not measure Woojin Lee, etc. (1998) did calculate Standard Penetration Test Hammer's dynamic energy efficiency by using dongjaeha analyzer. this research, we installed strain gage and accelerometer for supply existing equipment, and develop MCP that can use variety soils. this thesis, we measured energy at head and tip of Rod for evaluating energy that transport at free falling. As a result, Energy differences are occurred at head and tip of Rod.

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Predicting Method of Penetration Rate of Sheet Pile Using Cone Penetration Test Result (콘관입시험결과를 이용한 널말뚝의 관입속도 예측기법 개발)

  • Lee, Seung-Hyun;Lim, Nam-Gyu;Kim, Byoung-Il
    • Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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    • v.23 no.12
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    • pp.53-60
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    • 2007
  • A program for predicting rate of penetration of sheet pile using cone penetration test results was developed. Especially, energy consumption occurring from lateral vibration of sheet pile was estimated quantitatively in order to overcome overprediction of rate of penetration for shallow depths of pile installation. Penetration rates of pile calculated from developed program were compared with those of field test. Predicted rates of pile penetration for the depths to 12m were $47%{\sim}120%$ of the measured values. As pile penetration depth decreases, the difference between the predicted rate of penetration and the measured rate of penetration decreases.

The Hammer Energy Delivered to the Drilling Rod in the SPT 1 (표준관입시험시 롯드에 전달되는 해머의 낙하에너지 평가 1)

  • 조성민;정종홍;김동수;이우진
    • Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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    • 2001.03a
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    • pp.469-476
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    • 2001
  • The Ν-value in the standard penetration test(SPT) is affected by the magnitude of the rod penetration energy transmitted from the falling hammer as well as the geotechnical characteristics of the ground. Understanding of the striking energy efficiency in the SPT equipment is getting important for that reason. The energy efficiencies of the doughnut hammer with the hydraulic lift system and the automatic trip hammer system were investigated through field tests using the instrumented rod and wave-signal acquisition systems including the pile driving analyzer(PDA) . The rod energy ratio, ΕR$\_$r/ was defined as the ratio of the energy delivered to the drilling rod to the potential free-fall energy of the hammer. It appears that the type of the hammer and lift/drop system had a strong influence on the energy transfer mechanism and ΕR$\_$r/ also varies according to the energy instrumentation system and the analysis methods.

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The Hammer Energy Delivered to the Drilling Rod in the SPT 2 (표준관입시험시 롯드에 전달되는 해머의 낙하에너지 평가 2)

  • 조성민;정종흥;이우진;김동수
    • Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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    • 2002.03a
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    • pp.71-78
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    • 2002
  • The N-value from the standard penetration test(SPT) is affected by the magnitude of the rod penetration energy transmitted from the falling hammer as well as the geotechnical characteristics of the ground. Understanding of the striking energy efficiency in the SPT equipment is getting important for that reason. The energy efficiencies of the various type of equipment were investigated through field tests using the instrumented rod and wave-signal acquisition systems including the pile driving analyzer(PDA). The rod energy ratio, ERr was defined as the ratio of the energy delivered to the drilling rod to the potential free-fall energy of the hammer. It appears that the type of the hammer and lift/drop system had a strong influence on the energy transfer mechanism and ERr also varies according to the energy instrumentation system and the analysis methods.

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A Study on the Penetration Fracture Strength of Fragile Plates subjected to High Speed Impact (고속 충격을 받는 취성재 평판의 관통파괴 강도)

  • 김지훈;심재기;양인영
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.11 no.4
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    • pp.3-9
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    • 1996
  • In this study, comparison of theoretical solutions with experimental results is examined through fracture conditions for the case of float glasses subjected static loading. The range of fracture generation limits and critical penetration energies are solved according to the impactor mass under the high velocity, and analytical method of fracture strength and penetration strength are presented. Also, fracture patterns are investigated according to impact velocities. The results obtained from this study are as follows ; 1) Radial cracks are generated from the loading point regardless of plate thickness in the case of the plate subjected to the static loading. In the case of high-speed impact, dimensions of ring cracks become to smaller and length of radial cracks becomes shorter with the rapidity of impact velocity. 2) Kinetic change volume of collision after/before is constant regardless of velocities over the range of critical penetration velocity. 3) Although the same impact energy is working, the critical penetration energy is increased with the shorter of impactor mass. 4) Although the same impact energy is working, the penetration fracture of lighter Impactor mass is generated more than that of heavier impactor mass, and the impulse of lighter impacter mass appear more than that of heavier impactor mass. Therefore, the penetration fracture in the case of greater impulse is generated earlier regardless of the of the dimensions of Impact loading.

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A Study on the Feasibility of Partial Penetration Laser Welding for the Lap Joint of 390MPa High Strength Steel Sheets (390MPa급 고장력강판의 경치기 레이저 용접에서 부분용입 용접의 적용 가능성에 대한 연구)

  • 이경돈;박기영;김주관
    • Journal of Welding and Joining
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.95-101
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    • 2002
  • After high power lasers are avaliable in the commercial market, the number of applications of the laser welding has been increased in manufacturing industries. Although the tailored blank laser welding of butt jointed steel sheets is well known recently in the automotive industries, the lap joint laser welding is a new technology to the automotive manufacturing people as well as the design people. But the deep penetration laser welding seems to be preferred to the partial penetration welding for the lap joint welding in the automotive manufacturers because the partial penetration is a serious deflect for the butt joint. In this study, the feasibility of partial penetration welding fur the lap joint $CO_2$ laser welding was studied fur the 1mm thick 390MPa high strength steel sheets for automotive bodies. The process window of the lap joint partial penetration welding was obtained from experiments with the gap size and the welding speed as process parameters. The partial penetration welding was found excellent on the basis of the tensile shear strength and sectional geometry. The bead width, input energy Per volume, tensile-shear strength, deformation energy and the sectional geometries after tensile-shear tests of partial penetration welded specimens are compared with those of full penetration welded specimens with a series of gaps and welding speeds.

Calculation of Light Penetration Depth in Photobioreactors

  • Lee, Choul-Gyun
    • Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.78-81
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    • 1999
  • Light penetration depth in high-density Chlorella cultures can be successfully estimated by Beer-Lambert's law. The efficiency of light energy absorption algal cultures was so high that algal cells near the illuminating surface shade the cells deep in the culture. To exploit the potential of high-density algal cultures, this mutual shading should be eliminated or minimized. However, providing more light energy will not ease the situation and it will simply drop the overall light utilization efficiency.

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A Study of Architectural Space Design Method Considering Daylight Penetration Control - Focusing on the Spaces for Exhibition - (자연채광을 고려한 건축공간 설계방법 연구 - 전시공간 중심으로 -)

  • Tae, Won-Jin
    • Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.45-51
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    • 2005
  • Appling natural light to the spaces for the exhibition requires the compromises between the expectations of visitors whom are preferable to perceive the details of the works of art, and preservation of light sensitive artworks of least exposure to light. To solve the compromises, it requires a careful planing to control the penetration of the daylight by physical and mechanical devices such as diffusive glasses and blinds. The control of light penetration can also be achieved by providing spaces inside and outside of the building. The aim of this study is suggest the conceptual methods to control the daylight by space design. Museums and galleries using daylight were investigated how the daylight is controlled by the integrated spaces in the exhibition spaces. This study presents nine ways of controlling daylight penetration by space design.

The Dose Distribution of Arc therapy for High Energy Electron (고에너지 전자선 진자조사에 의한 선량분포)

  • Chu, S.S.;Kim, G.E.;Suh, C.O.;Park, C.Y.
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.29-36
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    • 1983
  • The treatment of tumors along curved surfaces with stationary electron beams using cone collimation may lead to non-uniform dose distributions due to a varying air gap between the cone surface and patient. For large tumors, more than one port may have to be used in irradiation of the chest wall, often leading to regions of high or low dose at the junction of the adjacent ports. Electron-beam arc therapy may elimination many of these fixed port problems. When treating breast tumors with electrons, the energy of the internal mammary port is usually higher than that of the chest wall port. Bolus is used to increase the skin dose or limit the range of the electrons. We invertiaged the effect of various arc beam parameters in the isodose distributions, and combined into a single arc port for adjacent fixed ports of different electron beam eneries. The higher fixed port energy would be used as the arc beam energy while the beam penetration in the lower energy region would be controlled by a proper thickness of bolus. We obtained the results of following: 1. It is more uniform dose distribution of electron to use rotation than stationary irradiation. 2. Increasing isocenter depth on arc irradiation, increased depth of maximum dose, reduction in surface dose and an increasing penetration of the linear portion of the curve. 3. The deeper penetration of the depth dose curve and higher X-ray background for the smaller field sized. 4. If the isocenter depth increase, the field effect is small. 5. The decreasing arc beam penetration with decreasing isocenter depth and the isocenter depth effect appears at a greater depth as the energy increases. 6. The addition of bolus produces a shift in the penetration that is the same for all depths leaving the shape of the curves unchanged. 7. Lead strips 5 mm thick were placed at both ends of the arc to produce a rapid dose drop-off.

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