• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.18-24
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the activities of the abdominal muscles according to trunk stabilization exercises using Swiss ball in normal individuals. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Ten healthy university students participated in this study. The subjects were required to complete the following three exercise positions: Exercise position 1, sitting on a Swiss ball and lifting the legs; Exercise position 2, pushing to a plank position from an ending position; and Exercise position 3, push-up posture with the legs on a Swiss ball. Changes in the trunk muscle activities were estimated using Biometric electromyography (EMG). Activities of the dominant side internal oblique muscle (IOM) and external oblique muscle (EOM) were estimated in all participants. The maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC %) was measured to standardize the EMG signals for the IOM and EOM during maximum resistance when sitting up with each shoulder pointing towards the contralateral pelvis with knees bent and both arms crossed on the chest for 5 seconds. Results: There was a significant difference in the activity of the internal and external oblique muscles between Exercises 1 and 2 and Exercises 1 and 3 (p<0.05). Furthermore, the IOM/EOM activity ratio was the greatest during Exercise 3 and the smallest during Exercise 1. IOM and EOM activities were the greatest during Exercise 2 with greater EOM activity. Conclusions: In future studies, it will be necessary to investigate muscle activities by supplementing the above-mentioned limitations during the stabilization exercise. The results of this study may be used as a basis for controlling the intensity and frequency of exercise while prescribing trunk stabilization exercises.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.74-81
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• 2020

Objective: To prevent low back pain, an objective evaluation tool to evaluate pelvic mobility and exercise to improve the flexibility of the lumbar region is needed. The purpose of this study was to compare the results of pelvic mobility measurements using the Wii Balance Board (WBB) and Sensbalance Therapy Cushion (STC), evaluate the usefulness of the STC as a tool for measuring pelvic mobility. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Fifty healthy subjects participated in this study. The subjects performed pelvic mobility range, proprioception, reaction time and reach of the arm using the STC. The pelvic movement parameter was measured two times to determine the intra-rater reliability. To measure the correlation between lumbar muscle tension and pelvic mobility, Myovision was used to measure tension of L4, L5 level erector spinae muscle. Correlations between measured variables were checked to determine the validity of the pelvic mobility assessment tool. Results: STC showed high test-retest reliability in pelvic tilt measurement and reaching task [intraclass correlation coefficients (3,1)=0.804-0.915]. The relationship between WBB and STC showed a significant positive correlation with the pelvic tilt and reaching task (p<0.05). Posterior tilt and erector spinae activation (Lt. L5) showed a significant negative correlation (p<0.05). Left, right tilt and erector spinae activation (L5) showed a significant negative correlation (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study confirmed the advantages of the STC and found efficiency as an objective measuring device of pelvic mobility.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 1998

저자들은 43세된 여자 환자에서 직장암에 대하여 광범위 절제술 및 림프 절제술, 항암치료 및 방사선 치료 후, 국소 재발없이 직장암 수술 20개월 후, 좌측 족부의 제2 중족골로 전이된 전이암 1례를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.970-977
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 보아의 넘버원 댄스 핵심동작의 생체역학적 3차원분석이며 보아의 전문 안무가가 실험에 참가하였다. 핵심동작의 관절 동작범위는 견관절과 주관절의 전후회전, 분절 동작범위는 몸통과 골반의 좌우회전이 가장 크며 몸통이 골반보다 더 크다. 무게중심이동 속도는 상하방향이 가장 빠르고 좌우, 전후방향 순이다. 최대각속도는 상지관절의 견관절과 주관절 및 하지관절의 고관절과 슬관절의 전후회전에서 가장 크게 나타났으나 족관절의 동작범위와 각속도는 거의 생성되지 않았다. 그리고 최대 회전파워는 상지 견관절과 하지 슬관절을 중심으로 원위분절로 갈수록 작게 나타나고 회전력은 고관절 외전모멘트가 가장 크고 슬관절은 신전모멘트가 크게 나타났다.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제13B권2호
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• pp.187-196
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• 2006

대부분의 3차원 캐릭터 애니메이션에서는 모션 캡쳐 장비를 통해서 포착된 동작 데이터를 이용하여 다양한 지형상에서 캐릭터의 이동 동작을 표현한다. 이러한 동작 포착 데이터는 실제 사람과 같이 움직이는 동작들을 자연스럽게 표현할 수 있으나, 만약 다양한 지형에 대해 움직이는 동작을 표현할 경우, 지형의 유형에 따라 모든 동작을 캡쳐하여야 하고, 얻어진 동작 데이터를 다른 유형의 캐릭터에 적용할 경우 동작 데이터를 다시 얻거나 기존 동작 데이터를 재편집해야 하는 어려움이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 평지면, 경사면, 계단면 그리고 굴곡면 등 다양한 지형에서의 적응적인 걷기, 달리기의 이동 동작을 생성하기 위한 통합적 생성 방법을 제안한다. 이 방법에서는 캐릭터의 신장이나 걷는 속도 걸음폭 등의 적은 매개변수들을 사용하여 이동 동작을 생성할 수 있다. 관절들의 위치나 각도는 역운동학(Inverse Kinematics)방법으로 계산하고, 골반과 이동하는 다리의 움직임 궤적 산출은 큐빅 스플라인 곡선을 활용한다. 또한 제안된 방법을 통해서 다양한 실제 캐릭터에 적용하여 이동 동작을 확인한다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences of kinematics and muscle activities depending on the changes of angle approaching balls during backhand drive in squash. The results are as follows. Stride time took the longest at AD2 and step lengths were the biggest at AD1 of left foot contact and right foot contact and AD2 of impact and follow-through. The center of gravity and the speed of racket head were the highest at AD3 and at AD2. Angle of shoulder joint were the biggest at AD1 of left foot contact, right foot contact and impact and AD3 of follow-through. Angle of elbow joint were the biggest at AD3 of left foot contact, right foot contact and follow-through and AD2 of impact. Angle of pelvis joint were the biggest at AD2 of left foot contact, AD1 of right foot contact and AD3 of impact and follow-through. Angle of knee joint were the biggest at AD2 of left foot contact, AD1 of right foot contact and AD3 of impact and follow-through. Angle of ankle joint were the biggest at AD1 of left foot contact and AD3 of right foot contact, impact and follow-through. According to the analysis results of triceps brachii, latissimus dorsi, brachioradialis muscle and flexor carpi ulnaris muscle activities were high at AD1 of all phases. Analysis results of vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius medial muscle activities were high at AD2 of phase1 and phase3. Those of vastus lateralis, vastus medialis and tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius medial were high at AD3 of Phase 2 and AD1 of phase2.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.135-141
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of functional ankle instability (FAI) and surgical treatment (ST) on postural stability and leg stiffness during vertical-drop landing. Method: A total of 21 men participated in this study (normal [NOR]: 7, FAI: 7, ST: 7). We estimated dimensionless leg stiffness as the ratio of the peak vertical ground reaction force and the change in stance-phase leg length. Leg length was calculated as the distance from the center of the pelvis to the center of pressure under the foot. Furthermore, the analyzed variables included the loading rate and the dynamic postural stability index (DPSI; medial-lateral [ML], anterior-posterior [AP], and vertical [V]) in the initial contact phase. Results: The dimensionless leg stiffness in the FAI group was higher than that of the NOR group and the ST group (p = .018). This result may be due to a smaller change in stance-phase leg length (p = .001). DPSI (ML, AP, and V) and loading rate did not show differences according to the types of ankle instability during drop landing (p > .05). Conclusion: This study suggested that the dimensionless leg stiffness was within the normal range in the ST group, whereas it was increased by the stiffness of the legs rather than the peak vertical force during vertical-drop landing in the FAI group. Identifying these potential differences may enable clinicians to assess ankle instability and design rehabilitation protocols specific for the impairment.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.96-105
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• 2016

Purpose: The standard radiation dose for patients with locally rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy is 45-50 Gy in 25-28 fractions. We aimed to assess whether a difference exists within this dose fractionation range. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed to compare three dose fractionation schedules. Patients received 50 Gy in 25 fractions (group A), 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions (group B), or 45 Gy in 25 fractions (group C) to the whole pelvis, as well as concurrent 5-fluorouracil. Radical resection was scheduled for 8 weeks after concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Results: Between September 2010 and August 2013, 175 patients were treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy at our institution. Among those patients, 154 were eligible for analysis (55, 50, and 49 patients in groups A, B, and C, respectively). After the median follow-up period of 29 months (range, 5 to 48 months), no differences were found between the 3 groups regarding pathologic complete remission rate, tumor regression grade, treatment-related toxicity, 2-year locoregional recurrence-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, disease-free survival, or overall survival. The circumferential resection margin width was a prognostic factor for 2-year locoregional recurrence-free survival, whereas ypN category was associated with distant metastasis-free survival, disease-free survival, and overall survival. High tumor regression grading score was correlated with 2-year distant metastasis-free survival and disease-free survival in univariate analysis. Conclusion: Three different radiation dose fractionation schedules, within the dose range recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, had no impact on pathologic tumor regression and early clinical outcome for locally advanced rectal cancer.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.106-112
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• 2016

Purpose: To identify possible predictors of pathologic complete response (pCR) of rectal cancer after preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 53 patients with rectal cancer who underwent preoperative CCRT followed by radical surgery at a single center between January 2007 and December 2012. The median radiotherapy dose to the pelvis was 54.0 Gy (range, 45.0 to 63.0 Gy). Five-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy was administered via continuous infusion with leucovorin. Results: The pCR rate was 20.8%. The downstaging rate was 66%. In univariate analyses, poor and undifferentiated tumors (p = 0.020) and an interval of ${\geq}7$ weeks from finishing CCRT to surgery (p = 0.040) were significantly associated with pCR, while female gender (p = 0.070), initial carcinoembryonic antigen concentration of <5.0 ng/dL (p = 0.100), and clinical stage T2 (p = 0.100) were marginally significant factors. In multivariate analysis, an interval of ${\geq}7$ weeks from finishing CCRT to surgery (odds ratio, 0.139; 95% confidence interval, 0.022 to 0.877; p = 0.036) was significantly associated with pCR, while stage T2 (odds ratio, 5.363; 95% confidence interval, 0.963 to 29.877; p = 0.055) was a marginally significant risk factor. Conclusion: We suggest that the interval from finishing CCRT to surgery is a predictor of pCR after preoperative CCRT in patients with rectal cancer. Stage T2 cancer may also be an important predictive factor. We hope to perform a robust study by collecting data during treatment to obtain more advanced results.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제30권11호
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• pp.1092-1101
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• 2003

대부분의 3차원 캐릭터 애니메이션에서는 모션 캡쳐 장비를 통해서 포착된 동작 데이타를 이용하여 다양한 지형상에서 캐릭터가 걷는 동작을 표현한다. 이러한 동작 포착 데이타는 실제 사람과 같이 움직이는 동작들을 자연스럽게 표현할 수 있으나, 만약 다양한 지형에 대한 움직이는 동작이 표현할 경우, 지형의 유형에 따라 모든 동작을 캡쳐하여야 하고, 얻어진 동작 데이타를 다른 유형의 캐릭터에 적용할 경우 동작 데이타를 다시 얻거나 기존 동작 데이타를 재편집해야 하는 어려움이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 적은 매개변수들을 사용하여 평지면, 경사면, 계단면 그리고 굴곡면 등 다양한 지형에서의 적응적인 걷는 동작을 생성하기 위한 방법과 골반과 이동하는 다리의 움직임 제적을 산출하는 방법을 제안한다. 이 방법에서는 캐릭터의 신장이나 걷는 속도, 걸음폭 등의 매개변수들을 조절하여 다양한 걸음걸이를 생성할 수 있으며 역운동학(Inverse Kinematics) 개념을 적용하여 관절들의 위치나 각도를 산출하고 관절의 이동 궤적을 계산하기 위해 큐빅 스플라인 곡선을 활용한다.