• 제목/요약/키워드: pelt

검색결과 13건 처리시간 0.02초

고대부터 고려까지 모피물에 관한 고찰 (A study on Furs and Feltry from Ancient to Koryo Korea)

  • 이춘주
    • 복식
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    • 제22권
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    • pp.193-204
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    • 1994
  • In this study the characteristics of Korean furs and peltry were discussed in the terms of usage and kinds from the literature survey of the relevant references, The following con-clusions were deduced. From Ancient to Koryo a kind of acient of Korea a lot of furs and peltry were produced and dressed. The leopad of Gochosun Korea was worthy of gold as an expensive goods to China. red dyed pelt of Silla Korea was traded with China and that pelt dyeing tech-nology of that pelt developed. The marten of Koryo was trade to Arabia and an otter skin to Kum Dynasty as loved goods. Korean furs and peltry made a reputation and were used for trading goods with China Japan and Arabia. Tratment technology in Korea became known to foreign country. There is another record that sheep and camels were offered to Koryo by around countries, And that Koryo employed men of Kum Dynasty as a shepherd. From ancient to Koryo Korea had had many kinds of furs of peltry as using goods such as leopard mart otter skin panther bear, manchurian wapili, fox, porpoise rat, mankey, horse, pig, wild bear, goat, cow, cat, dog, tiger, deer, raccoon dog and so on.

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나피의 탈모율에 미치는 단백질 분해 효소의 효과 (Effect of Proteolytic Enzyme on the Unhairing Degree of Pelt)

  • 이종석;서교택;김영채;문세기
    • 공업화학
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    • 제10권5호
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    • pp.635-638
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    • 1999
  • 구두용 나피(裸皮)의 물성에 가장 큰 영향을 주는 탈모 공정에 단백질 분해 효소가 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 나피의 물성을 기존의 방법 대신 전자 현미경을 이용하여 측정하는 새로운 방법을 제시하였다. 단백질 분해 효소를 이용한 바이오-테크 처리가 화학적 처리보다 탈모율에서 약간 저하되나 나피의 물성과 환경 측면에서 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 화학적 처리시 발생하는 유해 가스인 $H_{2}S$가 전혀 발생치 않았으며, 탈모 공정의 폐수 처리시 COD 및 BOD 값이 각각 939 mg/L와 5268 mg/L로 상당량 감소하여 기존의 처리 방법들보다 환경 친화적인 방법임을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서, 탈모 공정은 $29{\sim}30^{\circ}C$의 온도 범위에서 단백질 분해 효소인 0.4~0.5% Lupin LE-10을 첨가하여 20시간 처리하는 것이 적합하였다.

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Real-time prediction for multi-wave COVID-19 outbreaks

  • Zuhairohab, Faihatuz;Rosadi, Dedi
    • Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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    • 제29권5호
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    • pp.499-512
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    • 2022
  • Intervention measures have been implemented worldwide to reduce the spread of the COVID-19 outbreak. The COVID-19 outbreak has occured in several waves of infection, so this paper is divided into three groups, namely those countries who have passed the pandemic period, those countries who are still experiencing a single-wave pandemic, and those countries who are experiencing a multi-wave pandemic. The purpose of this study is to develop a multi-wave Richards model with several changepoint detection methods so as to obtain more accurate prediction results, especially for the multi-wave case. We investigated epidemiological trends in different countries from January 2020 to October 2021 to determine the temporal changes during the epidemic with respect to the intervention strategy used. In this article, we adjust the daily cumulative epidemiological data for COVID-19 using the logistic growth model and the multi-wave Richards curve development model. The changepoint detection methods used include the interpolation method, the Pruned Exact Linear Time (PELT) method, and the Binary Segmentation (BS) method. The results of the analysis using 9 countries show that the Richards model development can be used to analyze multi-wave data using changepoint detection so that the initial data used for prediction on the last wave can be determined precisely. The changepoint used is the coincident changepoint generated by the PELT and BS methods. The interpolation method is only used to find out how many pandemic waves have occurred in given a country. Several waves have been identified and can better describe the data. Our results can find the peak of the pandemic and when it will end in each country, both for a single-wave pandemic and a multi-wave pandemic.

피혁 가공 부산물을 이용한 마이크로 콜라겐 분말의 효율적인 제조와 특성 연구 (A Study on an Efficient Manufacturing Process of Fine Collagen Powder Using Leather By-Product)

  • 박재형;백인규;김용범
    • 유기물자원화
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.100-106
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    • 2007
  • 피혁 제조 공정중 탈모 공정 이후 나피를 분할(Splitting)하여 얻어지는 피혁 가공 부산물(Limed pelt scrap)을 이용하여 탈회 및 탈지 과정의 전처리 공정을 거친 뒤 비크롬 탄닝과 열처리에 의한 방법과 glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)와 MMA와 같은 아크릴 모노머를 이용한 그라프트 공중합을 이용한 방법으로 우수한 내열성을 갖는 미세 콜라겐 분말을 제조하였다. 물성의 비교에서 본 연구의 방법으로 생산된 콜라겐 분말들이 열분해 온도, 열 저항성, 수분변화, 입도분포 등에서 더 나은 특성을 보였다.

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Effect of Different Seasons on the Performance of Grey Giant Rabbits under Sub-Temperate Himalayan Conditions

  • Bhatt, R.S.;Sharma, S.R.;Singh, Umesh;Kumar, Davendra;Bhasin, V.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제15권6호
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    • pp.812-820
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    • 2002
  • An experiment was conducted on 190 progeny (winter -74; summer -59; rainy -57) of 12 Grey Giant rabbits (10 female +2 males), to assess the effect of different seasons in a year, on their reproductive, growth and productive performances along with feed efficiency, under sub-temperate Himalayan conditions. The daily meteorological attributes recorded during winter (October to March), summer (April to June) and rainy (July to September) seasons, and analysed were minimum and maximum temperature, relative humidity and rainfall. Various biological parameters recorded were doe weights at mating and kindling, litter size at birth, litter weight at birth, kit mortality, litter size at weaning, litter weight at weaning, weekly body weight up to 98 d and weaner mortality. Individual weight gains, dressing percentages, meat weights, liver weights, raw-pelt weights, processed pelt weights and processed pelt areas at slaughter on d 84 and 98, respectively were also recorded. The feed and fodder compositions and their nutritive values during different seasons were also analysed. Average ambient temperature during winter, summer and rainy seasons were $13.2{\pm}2.8$, $22.4{\pm}3.7$ and $24.8{\pm}2.3^{\circ}C$, respectively. The average relative humidity and total rainfall for winter, summer and rainy seasons were $68.9{\pm}1.5$% and $48{\pm}26.6$mm, $66.3{\pm}4.8$% and $125.6{\pm}56.8$ mm, and $77.3{\pm}1.3$% and $116.3{\pm}90.4$ mm, respectively. The weight of doe at mating and kindling, litter size at birth, litter weight at birth and litter size at weaning were comparatively higher whereas litter weight at weaning was significantly (p<0.05) higher during winter as compared to summer and rainy seasons. The kit mortality was significantly (p<0.05) higher during winter while the weaner mortality was significantly (p<0.05) higher during rainy season. At 84 d, the live weight per doe, slaughter weight, dressing percentage and liver weight were significantly (p<0.05) higher during winter than summer and rainy. Similarly, the gain in weight and meat weight at 84 and 98 d were significantly (p<0.05) higher during winter. The weight of raw pelt and processed pelt were recorded significantly (p<0.05) higher during winter while no difference in the area of processed pelts during different seasons could be observed. No difference in the biological performance could be observed between sexes in any of the seasons. Roughage analysis revealed comparatively higher crude protein percent and lower crude fibre percent during summer and rainy seasons than in winter. The roughage dry matter intake was comparatively higher during summer and rainy seasons vis-a-vis constant amount of concentrate supplied during all the three seasons. The digestibilities of dry matter was significantly (p<0.05) lower, whereas that of crude fiber, acid detergent fibre and cellulose were negative during winter. Interestingly, the feed:gain was exceedingly well during winter than in other seasons and it is concluded that it was the best season for production of rabbits under sub-temperate Himalayan conditions.

우체국 청사의 가치향상 방안에 관한 연구 - 인천 부평 우체국 사례 중심으로 - (A Study on Value Improvement of National Post Office - Focus on case of Incheon Bupyeong Post Office -)

  • 최수영;윤준선;한창평
    • 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국건축시공학회 2006년도 춘계학술논문 발표대회 제6권1호
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    • pp.181-184
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    • 2006
  • Recently, the balance of national properties of governmental offices and departments has been in deficit. Moreover, it has been also increasing rapidly. This study focuses on postal administration business which faces the financial crisis. The purpose of our study is to show devices for value improvement of pelt office. Research was based on a domestic post office which was decided to rebuild in Incheon Bupyeong. Research on domestic and foreign cases were carried out, superior cases for benchmarking was regulated so that these can be applied to the post offices to be built or to be remodeled.

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피혁 가공 폐기물로부터 동물성 유지와 단백질의 회수 및 재자원화 기술 연구 (Recycling technology of animal fats and protein from solid wastes of leather processing)

  • 윤종국;백인규;조도광;박재형;최주현
    • 유기물자원화
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    • 제10권3호
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    • pp.98-109
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    • 2002
  • 피혁 제조 공정에서 발생되는 각종 피혁 가공 폐기물의 발생율은 원료피 기준 거의 50% 이상이며 배출되는 피혁 가공 폐기물들은 50% 이상의 수분을 함유한 동물성 유지 및 섬유상 단백질로 구성되어 있어 귀중한 유지 및 단백질 자원임에도 불구하고 다른 용도로의 재활용 적용 없이 대부분 산업 폐기물로 소각하거나 단순 매립 처리하고 있다. 이로 인해 이들 피혁 가공 폐기물에 의한 환경오염 문제가 날로 심각해져 가고 있는 실정이며 피혁 가공 폐기물에 대한 과다한 처리비용(4만원~6만원/Ton)으로 생산 원가 측면에서도 큰 부담이 되고 있다. 더욱이 Fleshing scrap, Pelt scrap과 같은 유기성 폐기물의 경우는 부패성이 높아 적절하게 처리되지 않고 불법투기될 경우에 발생하는 악취, 오수 누출 등에 의한 2차 오염이 발생됨으로 이러한 문제점을 해결하고자 재자원화 실험을 실시하여 유지 및 단백질의 재회수 기술 개발과 이를 이용한 재 자원화 기술 개발로 피혁 처리용 약품을 제조하였다.

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Physical Properties of Indium Reduced Materials for Transparent Conductive Electrodes

  • Kwak, Seung-Hoon;Kwak, Min-Gi;Hong, Sung-Jei;Ju, Byeong-Kwon;Han, Jeong In
    • Current Photovoltaic Research
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.14-17
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    • 2014
  • In this paper, indium reduced materials for transparent conductive electrodes (TCE) were fabricated and their physical properties were evaluated. Two of materials, indium-zinc-tin oxide (IZTO) and aluminum (Al) were selected as TCE materials. In case of IZTO nanoparticles, composition ratios of In, Zn and Sn is 8:1:1 were synthesized. Size of the synthesized IZTO nanoparticles were less than 10 nm, and specific surface areas were about $90m^2/g$ indicating particle sizes are very fine. Also, the IZTO nanoparticles were well crystallized with (222) preferred orientation despite it was synthesized at the lowered temperature of $300^{\circ}C$. Composition ratios of In, Zn and Sn were very uniform in accordance with those as designed. Meanwhile, Al was deposited onto glass by sputtering in a vacuum chamber for mesh architecture. The Al was well deposited onto the glass, and no pore was observed from the Al surface. The sheet resistance of Al on glass was about $0.3{\Omega}/{\square}$ with small deviation of $0.025{\Omega}/{\square}$, and adhesion was good on the glass substrate since no pelt-off part of Al was observed by tape test. If the Al mesh is combined with ink coated layer which is consistent of IZTO nanoparticles, it is expected that the good and reliable metal mesh architecture for TCE will be formed.

혁의 물성에 미치는 가공제 첨가 효과 (Effect of Processing Agent on Physical Properties of Leather)

  • 이종석;서교택;김영채;문세기
    • 공업화학
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    • 제10권6호
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    • pp.934-938
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    • 1999
  • 가공제의 종류에 따라 구분한 화학적 처리, 일반 효소 처리 및 바이오-테크 처리에 의해 제조된 나피를 이용하여 가공한 아닐린 유형의 유성혁, 크러스트혁과 도장혁의 물성을 조사하였다. 크러스트혁과 도장혁의 물성은 동일하게 나타난 반면 유성혁의 물성은 다른 경향을 보였다. 도장혁의 경우 세가지 처리 방법 모두 $1.2kg_f/mm^2$의 인장 강도, 30%의 신장률, $3.0kg_f/mm$의 인열 강도, $15kg_f$의 은면 균열 하중 및 2.5%의 크롬 함유량 이상을 나타내어 모두 한국산업규격의 물성을 만족하였다. 특히, 바이오-테크 처리시 다른 두 방법보다 혁의 물성이 뚜렷이 향상되었다. 이는 전자 현미경에 의한 혁의 표면 및 단면 검사와 영상 분석에 의한 모공 검사 결과로 잘 설명되어진다.

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체색용 안료가 한지의 열화에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Color Pigments on the Hanji Deterioration)

  • 남현주;조경실;최태호
    • 펄프종이기술
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    • 제47권2호
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    • pp.70-79
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    • 2015
  • This study was carried out to analyze deterioration characteristics of color-pigments painted Hanji to preserve and restore the cultural properties. On the traditional painting technique, glue was used with pigments in various ways for painting, but it eventually caused the deterioration of paintings. Thus, five colors were selected and analyzed for this study for investigating their characteristics of deteriration. Three kinds of glues (Wugyo, Nokgyo, and Togyo) and two kinds of pigments (Chinese and Gilsang) were painted on the Hanji for the accelerated aging test. And then color fastness of pigments and tensile strength of painted Hanji were measured for the estimation of deterioration degree. The results of SEM-EDS showed that Chinese pigments including blue, yellow, green, and red were composed of inorganic substances but the brown was organic substance. Gilsang pigments were composed mainly of Si and Ti ions. Color fastness of the Gilsang pigment blue, yellow, green, and brown were better than those of Chinese. Chinese pigment brown with organic substance showed the worst color fastness. Generally, Chinese pigments painted Hanji showed higher tensile strength than Gilsang in the accelerated aging test. Hanji treated with Chinese pigment and Nokgyo (antler glue) blends and Gilsang pigment and Togyo (rabbit pelt glue) blends showed higher tensile strength than the others. And Andong Hanji showed the highest tensile strength.