• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.101-108
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• 2020

One difficulty in language learning is the training of reading ability. The improvement on this ability directly affects the process and effect of language learning. At the same time, there are numerous difficulties in actual learning and teaching. Depending on current research, there is two ideas that can utilize to enhance the reading efficiency of learners. One is to amend objective factors; the other is to change subjective factors. Compared with the two ideas, idiosyncratic factors are more manipulable and controllable, so it is more valuable to conduct researches on this. But among the many subjective factors, the degree of their effectiveness is not the same, so this article attempts to compare and analyze the driving effects of two important subjective factors (peer-driven and task-driven) on reading performance. The results show that both factors can have a positive impact on reading comprehension, but different in driving effects. The task-driven has obvious short-term effectiveness; while peer-driven needs to establish its long-term effect on the basis of early coordination and cooperation among team members. Therefore, in order to maximize the achievement of learning, it is necessary to combine strengths and avoid weaknesses according to the characteristics of two factors, so as to help learners improve reading ability most efficiently.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.705-715
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• 2005

A peer-to-peer web caching has been studied recently as it can reduce the traffic converged on the server side and can support the traditional web caching model. Although the peer-to-peer web caching has the merit of having additional cache space from the local caches of peers without additional infrastructure, several constraints such as dynamic participation and local caching strategy caused by the autonomy of peers in peer-to-peer networks nay limit the performance of the peer-to-peer web caching. To overcome these limitations, we propose an efficient directory-based peer-to-peer web caching system under dynamic participation of peers. In the proposed caching system, we present new peer selection and replica management schemes by introducing the concept of the object lifetime in P2P networks. We evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed system through trace-driven simulations with a web log dataset. Simulation results show that the proposed system has higher accuracy and fewer redirection failures than the conventional directory-based P2P web caching system in feasible peer-to-peer networks.

• Journal of Korean Medical Science
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• v.33 no.46
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• pp.287.1-287.14
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• 2018

Integrity of authorship and peer review practices are important considerations for ethical publishing. Criteria for authorship, as delineated in the guidelines by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), have undergone evolution over the decades, and now require fulfillment of four criteria, including the need to be able to take responsibility for all aspects of the manuscript in question. Although such updated authorship criteria were published nearly five years ago, still, many major medical and specialist journals have yet to revise their author instructions to conform to this. Inappropriate authorship practices may include gift, guest or ghost authorship. Existing literature suggests that such practices are still widely prevalent, especially in non-English speaking countries. Another emerging problem is that of peer review fraud, mostly by authors, but also rarely by handling editors. There is literature to suggest that a proportion of such fake peer review may be driven by the support of some unscrupulous external editing agencies. Such inappropriate practices with authorship malpractices or disagreement, or peer review fraud, have resulted in more than 600 retractions each, as identified on the retractions database of Retractionwatch.com. There is a need to generate greater awareness, especially in authors from non-English speaking regions of the world, about inappropriate authorship and unethical practices in peer review. Also, support of any external editing agency should be clearly disclosed by authors at the time of submission of a manuscript.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.330-338
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• 2006

Many web cache systems and policies concerning them have been proposed. These studies, however, consider large objects less useful than small objects in terms of performance, and evict them as soon as possible. Even if this approach increases the hit rate, the byte hit rate decreases and the connections occurring over congested links to outside networks waste more bandwidth in obtaining large objects. This paper puts forth a client-cluster approach for improving the web cache system. The client-cluster is composed of the residual resources of clients and utilizes them as exclusive storage for large objects. This proposed system achieves not only a high hit rate but also a high byte hit rate, while reducing outgoing traffic. The distributed hash table (DHT) based peer-to-peer lookup protocol is utilized to manage the client-cluster. With the natural characteristics of this protocol, the proposed system with the client-cluster is self-organizing, fault-tolerant, well-balanced, and scalable. Additionally, the large objects are managed with an index based allocation method, which balances the loads of all clients well. The performance of the cache system is examined via a trace driven simulation and an effective enhancement of the proxy cache performance is demonstrated.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.611-620
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• 2020

Although process-based models have been a preferred approach for modeling freshwater aquatic systems over extended time intervals, the increasing utility of data-driven models in a big data environment has made the data-driven models increasingly popular in recent decades. In this study, international peer-reviewed journals for the relevant fields were searched in the Web of Science Core Collection, and an extensive literature review, which included total 2,984 articles published during the last two decades (2000-2020), was performed. The review results indicated that the rate of increase in the number of published studies using data-driven models exceeded those using process-based models since 2010. The increase in the use of data-driven models was partly attributable to the increasing availability of data from new data sources, e.g., remotely sensed hyperspectral or multispectral data. Consistently throughout the past two decades, South Korea has been one of the top ten countries in which the greatest number of studies using the data-driven models were published. Among the major data-driven approaches, i.e., artificial neural network, decision tree, and Bayesian model, were illustrated with case studies. Based on the review, this study aimed to inform the current state of knowledge regarding the biogeochemical water quality and ecological models using data-driven approaches, and provide the remaining challenges and future prospects.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Child Welfare
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• no.58
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• pp.205-229
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine gender differences in the impact of exposure to peer delinquency among elementary school-age students and the mediating effects of aggression. The study utilized 458 cases (220 male students, 238 female students) of data from the 2015 Korea Welfare Panel Study (KoWePS) conducted by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs (KIHASA). The theoretical frameworks used in this study included Bandura's social learning theory, Akers' social learning theory, and Sutherland's differential association theory. The findings were as follows. First, there was no statistically significant effect on peer group's delinquency experience overall, aggression, and delinquency experience by gender. Second, male students' delinquency experience of their peer group had a statistically significant effect on their delinquency, however, this was not true for female students. Third, in the case of male students, aggression was found to mediate the relationship between peer group delinquency experience and their own delinquency, but not for female students. From these findings, we suggest a practical and policy-driven intervention plan, focusing on reducing the contact frequency of delinquency experience and aggression, The purpose of this study was to examine gender differences in the impact of exposure to peer delinquency among elementary school-age students and the mediating effects of aggression. The study utilized 458 cases (220 male students, 238 female students) of data from the 2015 Korea Welfare Panel Study (KoWePS) conducted by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs (KIHASA). The theoretical frameworks used in this study included Bandura's social learning theory, Akers' social learning theory, and Sutherland's differential association theory. The findings were as follows. First, there was no statistically significant effect on peer group's delinquency experience overall, aggression, and delinquency experience by gender. Second, male students'delinquency experience of their peer group had a statistically significant effect on their delinquency, however, this was not true for female students. Third, in the case of male students, aggression was found to mediate the relationship between peer group delinquency experience and their own delinquency, but not for female students. From these findings, we suggest a practical and policy-driven intervention plan, focusing on reducing the contact frequency of delinquency experience and aggression, which was found to adversely affect elementary school students' delinquency.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2014

We have investigated optimal control strategies for prevention of ecstasy use. Ecstasy use has continued at raves and nightclubs in recent years and the reduction of ecstasy use has become one of the important issues in society. We apply optimal control theory to a model of the peer-driven dynamics of ecstasy use. Our goal is to minimize the ecstasy use class and the intervention cost. Optimal control is characterized in terms of the solution of optimality system, which is the state system coupled with the adjoint system and the optimality equations. The numerical simulations show the optimal prevention policies of ecstasy use in various scenarios.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.1235-1238
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• 2005

P2P(peer-to-peer) 웹 캐슁 모델은 서버 쪽에 집중되는 트래픽을 완화시킴으로써 전통적인 웹 캐슁 모델을 보완할 수 있다는 측면에서 최근에 활발히 연구되어 왔다. P2P 웹 캐슁은 클라이언트들의 로컬 캐쉬를 활용하여 부가적인 인프라의 추가없이 캐쉬 공간이 확대되는 효과를 얻을 수 있지만, 각 클라이언트들은 독립된 피어로서의 자율성(autonomy)을 가지므로 이러한 자율성의 제한을 최소화해야한다. 본 논문에서는 피어의 자율적인 동적 참여와 로컬 캐슁 전략을 보장하여 시스템의 실행 가능성(feasibility)을 높인 환경에서 효율적인 디렉토리 기반 P2P 웹 캐슁 시스템을 제안하였다. 제안하는 P2P 웹 캐슁 시스템은 동적인 P2P 네트워크 상에서의 오브젝트의 lifetime을 예상하여 이를 저장 공간 관리(storage management)에 적용하였다. 시스템의 성능 평가를 위하여 클라이언트의 http 요청 로그 데이터셋을 이용하여 트레이스 기반(trace-driven) 실험을 수행하고, 제안하는 시스템이 기존의 시스템에 비하여 주어진 동일한 환경에서 더 높은 정확성을 가짐을 확인하였다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.64-69
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• 2024

Blockchain is a decentralized network in which data blocks are linked. Through a decentralized peer-to-peer network, users can create shared databases, resulting in a trustworthy and aggregated database known as a blockchain that enhances reliability and security. The distributed nature of the blockchain enables data to be stored on multiple nodes, eliminating the need for a central server or platform. This disintermediation significantly reduces the transaction and administrative costs. The blockchain is particularly valuable in applications where reliability and stability are critical because it establishes an open database that ensures data integrity, making it virtually impossible to tamper with or falsify data. This study explores the diverse applications of the blockchain technology in virtual assets, such as cryptocurrency, decentralized finance, central bank digital currency, nonfungible tokens, and metaverses. In addition, it analyzes the potential prospects and developments driven by these innovative technologies.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.1369-1378
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• 2017

Pub/Sub (Publish/Subscribe) paradigm is a simple and easy to use model for interconnecting applications in a distributed environment. In general, subscribers register their interests in a topic or a pattern of events and then asynchronously receive events matching their interest, regardless of the events' publisher. In order to build a low latency lightweight pub/sub system for Internet of Things (IoT) services, we propose a GQSFPS (Group Quorum System-based Fog Pub/Sub) system that is a core component in the event-driven service oriented architecture framework for IoT services. The GQSFPS organizes multiple installed pub/sub brokers in the fog servers into a group quorum based P2P (peer-to-peer) topology for the efficient searching and the low latency accessing of events. Therefore, the events of IoT are cached on the basis of group quorum, and the delay-sensitive IoT applications of edge devices can effectively access the cached events from group quorum fog servers in low latency. The performance of the proposed GQSFPS is evaluated through an analytical model, and is compared to the GQPS (grid quorum-based pud/sub system).