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The impact of depression and anxiety on life satisfaction in psychiatric patients : Moderating effect of humor style (정신건강의학과 환자들의 우울 및 불안이 삶의 만족도에 미치는 영향 : 유머양식의 조절효과)

  • Kim, Keun-Hyang;Cho, Young Eun
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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    • v.7 no.6
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    • pp.125-132
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    • 2016
  • Conventionally, humor has been regarded as an indicator of mental health, but several researchers has proposed that the effects of humor in mental health may be different depending on humor styles. Therefore, further studies about humor style and the effect of humor are worthwhile. In the present study, we shall pay attention to buffering effect of humor on a decline in mental health. we attempted to identify weather the buffering effect of humor is different depending on humor styles in psychiatric patients. For this purpose correlation analysis on humor style, depression, anxiety and life satisfaction were carried out, and hierarchical regression analysis were applied to analyse moderating effect of humor style. Consequently, self-enhancing humor has a significant moderating effect on both depression and anxiety. Whereas, affiliative humor has a significant interactive effect with only depression. The conclusion which can be drawn from this study is that positive humor can work as a protective factor on a decline in mental health, and using self-enhancing humor is effective to increase life satisfaction. It might have a convergent meaning on adaptation that psychiatric patients could have a good adaptation(by using positive humor) in real world.

The Antecedents of Switching Cost and its Effect on Customer Loyalty in Digital Music Service Industry (온라인 음악서비스 산업에서 전환비용의 선행요인 및 전환비용이 고객충성도에 미치는 영향)

  • Kang, Sung-Min;Uhm, Gi-Heon
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.157-180
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    • 2010
  • Rapid development of information technology has generated a new industry and market. In particular, network technology such as the Internet and other computer networks made transaction activities switched from traditional offline commerce to e-commerce. Among them, digital content is bit-based object which is created and distributed through electronic environment. In particular, many entertainment contents such as the music, the movies, and the computer game softwares are main products. Although digital content commerce has high potential demand, it lacks the consideration about the factor related to maintaining existing customer such as customer loyalty and switching costs. There has been a number of research on customer loyalty and other factors affecting it in the traditional electronic commerce environment, but there is a lack of research which examines the characteristics of digital content. The study about the effect of switching costs on customer loyalty in digital content commerce is necessary because the customers of digital content commerce market are from those of other e-commerce market or traditional offline commerce market. In addition, customer loyalty and switching costs are important factors because they may build up greater customer retention. For that reason, this study focused on examining the relationships among switching costs, antecedents for switching costs, and customer loyalty in online digital music service industry. The study has three major purposes: (1) to find antecedents of switching costs on digital content commerce and examine effect of antecedents for switching costs; (2) to identify effect of switching costs on customer loyalty in digital content commerce and examine moderating effects of alternative attractiveness; (3) to identify the differences of antecedents for switching costs by contents transmission type(streaming service and downloading service). And, the online digital music service industry is selected in this study since there are many users and transactions incurring. To accomplish these purposes, a survey questionnaire was developed and distributed to 256 informants. Survey instrument was developed based on previous research and pre-established survey items. Total of 206 surveys are collected and used in the data analysis. Among the respondents, 56.8% is male and 43.2% is female. Also, 86 responses were streaming service user group and 120 responses were download service user group. These data was analyzed using regression analysis. Major findings of empirical analysis can be summarized as follows. First, switching costs have positive effect on customer loyalty in digital content commerce environment. Second, the influence of switching costs on customer loyalty increases under conditions of high alternative attractiveness. Third, DRM convenience and breadth of use have positive effect on switching costs. The findings imply that the digital content provider should pay more attention to switching costs in addition to customer satisfaction in order to attract customers. Also, increasing the convenience of DRM use by securing the convenience of user interface and expanding the support device and increasing the service use scope by providing diverse value-added service helps to create a switching barrier. The result of the study can become a practical use in marketing strategy for maintaining existing customer. In particular, switching barrier is very important under conditions of high competition in the online music service market. This study can be used as a basis for further studies about customer retention in digital content commerce.

Research Related to Chronic Kidney Disease in BMI >25 Overweight Children (체질량 지수 25 이상의 과체중군에서 신장질환과 관련된 인자들에 대한 연구)

  • Choi, Ah-Reum;Park, Sung-Sin;Kim, Sung-Do;Cho, Byoung-Soo
    • Childhood Kidney Diseases
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.75-83
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    • 2009
  • Purpose : Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and obesity are the worldwide public health problem. Obesity is an already well-established risk factor for CKD. The objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship between high BMI and increased risk for nephropathy by clinical data. Methods : Study group were 26 patients who had $BMI{\geq}25\;kg/m^2$ and control group were 49 patients with BMI<$25\;kg/m^2$. Both groups received renal biopsy in Kyung Hee Medical Center between 2003. Jan.-2007. Dec. BMI was calculated from measured weight and height when they were admitted to the hospital. We collected laboratory data such as CBC and blood chemistry. Results : Our hypothesis was that overweight and obesity are associated with incidence and progression of CKD. From kidney biopsy, we found IgAN 17, MesPGN 5, HSPN 2, Intestitial nephritis 1, IgMN 1 (total 26) in the study group whereas IgAN 22, MesPGN 17, HSPN 3, MGN 3, benign hematuria 2, MPGN 1, Intestitial nephritis 1, (total 49) were found in the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups. Overweight patients demonstrated significantly higher platelet, TG, ALT, and uric acid level compared to control group. Conclusion : We identified a significant relationship between overweight and development of CKD. These results suggest that overweight children have an increased risk for CKD than those who are not obese. So, we should pay attention to children with overweight who have CKD and earlier weight management is crucial to prevent aggravation of CKD.

Analysis of Recent Trends on the Experimental Studies in Acupuncture and Moxibustion Papers (침구관련 실험연구 논문 동향 분석)

  • Han, Kyung-Ju;Hwang, Hye-Suk;Kim, Yu-Sung;Lee, Ji-Eun;Jeong, Sang-Yong;Ryu, Yeon-He;Choi, Sun-Mi;Koo, Sung-Tae
    • Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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    • v.13 no.2 s.20
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    • pp.83-90
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    • 2007
  • The aim of the study was to analyze recent trends of experimental studies regarding to acupuncture and moxibustion (AM) through reviewing the 492 papers in the PubMed database in order to help researchers from overlapping study on the same theme and to spur them to investigate experimental studies on AM with understanding the current flow of that. For the analysis, we include papers in which abstract was written in English. First, we performed quantitative analysis of the experimental studies using whole of the first filtrated 492 papers. From this analysis, we could obtain the followings: 'Trends of study in the most frequently appeared journals and leading authors in experimental study of AM'. 'The number of papers and name of journals by leading authors in experimental study of AM'. 'Trends of Korean papers in the most frequently appeared journals and Korean leading authors in experimental study of AM", 'Classification of experimental studies related to acupuncture and moxibustion according to intervention methods or individual country' and 'Assortment of experimental studies related to acupuncture and moxibustion in terms of intervention methods on leading countries'. Second, we collected 72 papers considering impact factor of the journal and influential effect of the papers' result for qualitative analysis, and we divided the papers into pain related one or not, because the effect of AM on pain is major subject of AM study. The results showed that experimental studies regarding to AM still has several weakness such as limited usage of acupuncture points and inclined application of electroacupucture even though there are 361 acupuncture points in the human body and various kinds of stimulation methods using traditional needles and moxibustion. Therefore, we suggest that researchers should pay more attention to the study on basic AM research creatively and systematically through strengthening and enhancing the cooperation among colleges, research institutes and hospitals. Moreover, in order to promote the basic research of the AM, it is required that we need cross-disciplinary research as well as international collaboration research.

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Economic Value Estimation of Public Design Facility for Children Using Contingent Valuation Method (조건부가치측정법을 이용한 어린이 공공디자인 시설의 경제적 가치 추정)

  • Moon, Kwang-Min;Yoon, Sung-Il
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.532-541
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    • 2017
  • Design is an extremely critical and important for the prosperity and development of a corporation, and design for children's facilities can be said to be a critical factor not only from a commercial perspective but also one of the critical factors that can be beneficial to the physical, intellectual and emotional growth and development of children. To measure the economic value of publicly designed children's facilities established with the purpose of children's design education, this research study utilized the Contingent Valuation Method. This research study attempts to provide useful information for policy administrators on the usage of both publicly designed children's facilities with high use value and also high non-use value through economic value measurement. To achieve the objectives of this research, the Contingent Valuation Method that utilized both open-ended questions and also double-bounded dichotomous choice methodologies was used. The results of the pre-verification that used the open-ended questions results from 50 test subject participants and the double-bounded dichotomous choice methodology results from 530 test subject participants confirmed that the average annual per person expense was estimated to be KRW 12,463. The gross benefit amount figure estimated for all households in the nation was estimated to be about KRW 219 billion annually.

Factor Analysis on Subjective Symptom of Musculoskeletal Diseases in Dental Hygienists (치과위생사의 근골격계질환 자각증상에 관한 요인 조사)

  • Kim, Su-Gwan;Oh, Na-Rae;Jeong, Mi-Ae
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.273-281
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    • 2012
  • The purpose of this study was to examine about correlation among dental hygienists' work environment, recognition on preventive education of musculoskeletal disease, the work-related musculoskeletal disease, and the work characteristics. The aim is to suggest a management plan for reducing symptom of musculoskeletal disease. The self-administered questionnaire was surveyed and collected from August 1-12 of 2011 targeting 210 dental hygienists Seoul, Gyeonggi, Daegu, Pohang. Except 5 people whose responses are not clear and who suffered accident, the analysis was made on 205 people. The collected data was analyzed by using SPSS WIN 15.0 program. As a result, dental hygienists, the average was the highest with 3.07 in 'between shoulder and neck(right side).' Seeing the pain frequency by body region, the average was the highest with 1.47 in 'ankle/calf(left side).' Seeing the appearance of having trouble in work ability related to pain experience of musculoskeletal disease by body region, the average was indicated to be the highest with 1.84 in 'knee(right side).Therefore, the agencies have to pay more attentions and efforts to ensure safety of musculoskeletal disorders in dental hygienist.

Korean Customer Attitudes Towards SNS Shopping

  • Cho, Young-Sang;Heo, Jeong-Yoon;Youn, Myoung-Kil
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.10 no.8
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    • pp.7-14
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    • 2012
  • As a new format of retailing, social shopping on SNS has rapidly grown in recent. Although there is much literature associated with customer behaviours in the academic world, little attention has been paid to identifying the shopping patterns of SNS shoppers. This paper will, thus, identify how perceived value has an impact on the buying intention of SNS shoppers, after illustrating what kind of factor influences the formation process of perceived value in the Korean marketplace. Given that SNS shoppers are for the most part 20s as well as 30s, the authors handed out questionnaires to them. Furthermore, based on literature review results, the conceptualised research model was developed. Despite lack of literature, the authors developed five constructs like price reduction, quantity- and time-limited message, product ranges, information-sharing, and required number of shoppers. The researchers made a considerable effort to identify the relationship between research concepts and each variable, based on a few research analysis methods such as frequency analysis, the Varimax rotation technique used orthogonal rotation, Cronbach's Alpha, PCA (Principle Component Analysis), and the like. Amongst the 5 variables used to measure the degree of influences on the perceived value as a social shopping characteristic, it has been evident that price cut, required minimum shoppers, product variety, and information-sharing have a positive impact on the perceived value formation processes of SNS customers. Also, this research implies that SNS retailers can differentiate themselves from other retailers by differently using the above factors. From a practitioner's point of view, these factors should be strategically used to increase the social shopping opportunities of SNS users. It is, furthermore, evident that the perceived value formed by the above 4 factors have played an important role in the buying decision process of SNS customers. In a sense, whether customers are aware of higher price cut rates, information-sharing, required minimum shoppers, and product variety has a positive impact on making buying decisions. From a retailer's point of view, online shopping mall operators are able to use blog as well as twitter to improve the buying intention as a marketing tool of social network, because the business activities provided by social shopping retailers, like the rapid, accurate responses to customer requirements, the provision of a variety of information, and the communications between customers are closely related to buying intentions. There are a few research limitations to conduct this empirical research. It was not easy to review prior papers, due to its lack. In spite of the increasing number of SNS shoppers in Korea, little research attention has been paid to this kind of research topic by academicians, because buying products or services through SNS is in its infancy. With regard to research populations, it would be difficult to generalise the research findings in Korea, owing to unbalanced respondent distribution. Considering the above research limitations as well as the growth of social shopping, many authors should pay considerable attention to SNS-related issues in the future, and develop the more sophisticated criteria to measure the characteristics of SNS shoppers.

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A study on Chinese Consumer Behavior of Korean Automobiles (중국소비자의 한국자동차 구매의도에 관한 연구)

  • SONG, Yun-Tao;LEE, Jong-Ho
    • The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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    • v.10 no.6
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    • pp.29-37
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    • 2019
  • Purpose - This study intends to analyze Chinese consumers' purchase intention of Korean automobile. The aims of this study investigated to find out how product attributes and brand image affect the consumer's purchase intention of Korean automobiles in China. We consider the product attributes, brand image as evaluation criteria, also recognized as objectives for purchase intention. This study aims to analyze the positive effects on Chinese consumers' purchase intention with the variables by using the research model. Research design, data, and methodology - Based on theory of Purchase Intention, the concept of purchase intention was assessed by two factors: a) product attributes, and b) brand image to test the proposed hypotheses. The survey was conducted for 30 days, from October 17 to November 16 in 2018. With IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0 and IBM SPSS AMOS 23.0, factor analysis and regression, Cronbach's alpha and correlation were tested. 300 samples were used for this analysis. Results - As a main result, product attributes and brand image exerted significant effects on consumer's purchase intention. Thus,

    and

    were supported. The results showed that the product attributes, brand image had positive effects on purchase intention. The findings of this thesis are as follows: Firstly, automobiles' quality factors were divided into two categories like product properties (price, performance, design, economy, and safety), and brand image (awareness, favorability, reliability, and familiarity). Second, it showed that product properties and brand image had positive impacts on purchase intention of consumer. Conclusions - The impact of product attributes and brand image on consumer perceived value of Korean automobiles in China can be seen as a universal psychology of consumers who trust automobile products such as high quality, technology, ets. The results offer some insights into the extended model and have important managerial implications for Korean automobile enterprise. As the findings of this thesis show, all strategic orientations have significant and positive effects on the ability of innovation. At the same time, automobile company must pay attention to quality. As the relationship between the automobiles' performance and brand image were positive and significant, automobile companies should have comprehensive strategic orientations focused on strengthening these factors.

A Study on the Reasons for Participation in the Training of the Work-Learning Parallel Program (중소기업 일·학습병행제의 훈련 참여 이유에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Chan-Jun;Lim, Sang-Ho
    • Industry Promotion Research
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.47-52
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    • 2020
  • In this study, parallel work-learning training, which was started in 2013 as a pre-employment promotion policy, is an important factor that determines the success or failure of training. As a time when various institutional supplementation is needed to encourage company participation, this study is to identify the factors of participation of companies participating in work-learning parallel. To this end, a questionnaire survey was conducted of companies participating in parallel work-learning in Chungnam, and the results were analyzed using the structural equation model. As a result of the study, the reason for the company's participation in parallel work-learning was firstly, 84% of government subsidy received education and training expenses. Second, 66% of workers were able to pay less than regular workers, and thirdly, it was easy to hire new employees in the field. 26%, 17% of them were invited by acquaintances for no particular reason. Therefore, the study suggests that participation in the work-learning parallel training contributes to the management costs, management of employee turnover, and human resource development. In future research, it is necessary to subdivide tests and estimates by conducting studies on regions, occupations, gender, wages, and years of service in Korea.

Analysis of Job Happiness Types of SW Development Personnel Using Q-sort Methodology (Q-sort 방법론을 활용한 SW 개발인력의 직무행복 유형 분석)

  • Chang, Yun-hi
    • Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.57-70
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    • 2020
  • This study examines the subjective perception of software developers on happiness at work through the Q-sort methodology. Analysis of 63 respondents revealed four types happiness at work with highly differentiated characteristics: 'stability of work oriented', 'defiant self-driven, technology-oriented', 'realistic professionalism oriented', and 'genuinely technology and task-immersion oriented'. The 'defiant self-driven, technology-oriented' and 'genuinely technology and task-immersion oriented' types are interested in latest ICT and consider recognition of one's professionalism as well as self-realization result in happiness at work. On the other hand, the 'stability of work oriented' and 'realistic professionalism oriented' types did not pay much attention to one's growth of technical career but emphasized salary, welfare benefits and job promotion as the most important factors in happiness at work. Today, extraordinary SW developers are a key factor to acquire industrial competitiveness. Nations and corporations should prepare realistic ways to promote overall happiness at work by accurately understanding the varying characteristics and predisposition of domestic ICT personnel. In Korea, it is found that there is a shortage of 'genuinely technology and task-immersion oriented' SW developers. In order to secure national and industrial competitiveness in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, creation of work ecosystem to promote high levels of happiness at work is required to secure quality software production and pride as an ICT professional.