• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.133-152
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• 2020

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to analyze the determinants of commodity trade in Korea and China and to examine the implications of China's GVC shift from export to domestic market on its impact on Korea's trade. Design/methodology - This study selected 30 major trading partner countries. The dependent variable is the trade volume, and the independent variables are general economic factors such as gross domestic product (GDP), GDP per capita, distance, and FTA. Findings - The trade pattern of Korea's commodities shows that GDP has a positive relationship with trade, import, and export. Distance has a significant negative relationship with total trade, import, and export. FTA is significant for import but it is not significant for total trade and export. The trade pattern of China's commodities shows that GDP has a significant positive relationship with total trade, import, and export. Distance has a negative relationship with trade, import, and export. GDP per capita is not significant for total trade and import, but it is significant for export. FTA is significant for total trade and export, but it is not significant for import. Originality/value - Existing papers were studied mainly in certain industrial sectors such as agriculture, manufacturing, automobile industry and steel industry. This paper attempts to collects vast amounts of data about the 30 countries of Korea and China respectively and analyzes by Random Effect Model dividing the goods (0 to 9) in units of STIC (Rev. 4). The major contribution is that the decision factors affecting commodity trade can be analyzed in SITC units (0-9) to obtain analysis results that are subdivided by product group and organized by product.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.257-269
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• 2017

The study has piloted to find the Pattern of species distribution along environmental variables and disturbance in Raghunandan Reserve Forest. Shaltila and Shahapur beat of Raghunandan Hill Reserve Forest are situated in Chunarughat sub-district of Habiganj district between $24^{\circ}5^{\prime}-24^{\circ}10^{\prime}N$ and $91^{\circ}25^{\prime}-91^{\circ}30^{\prime}E$ under the Sylhet Forest Division. The Environmental variable and vegetation data were collected from 30 sample plots from each forest beat by using arbitrary sampling without preconceived bias. 51 species were found from Shaltila and 34 species found in Shahapur forest beat. Thus the dataset continued with total 85 species in 60 samples. To determine the relationships between tree species distribution and environmental variables, Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) ordination method were performed separately for two forest beat. In CCA ordination, tree species showed significant variation along environmental gradients in terms of soil organic matter and disturbances (p<0.05) in the case of Shaltila forest. Potassium has a significant relationship with axis 1 and axis 2 in this forest. But Shahapur forest showed no significant relationship between species and environmental variables. Phosphorus has a significantly negative relationship with axis 2 in this forest. Disturbance played as a critical role of this forest thus influencing the distribution of species. The study showed that the distributions of tree species are strongly influenced by disturbance and organic matter in Shaltila and Shahapur forest beat showed no significant relationship between species and environmental variables. Future research should be included more environmental variables with larger study area that identify the most important environmental forces which will drive by species distribution findings in this forest.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.307-314
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• 2006

In this paper, we present a comprehensive study for the development of quadruped walking robot. To understand the walking posture of a tetrapod animal, we begin with a careful observation on the skeletal system of tertapod animals. From taking a side view of their skeletal system, it is noted that their fore limbs and hind limbs perform characteristic roles during walking. Moreover, the widths of footprints and energy efficiency in walking have a close relationship through taking a front view of their walking posture. According to these observations, we present a control method where the kinematical solutions are not necessary because we develop a new rhythmic gait pattern for the quadruped walking robot. Though the proposed control method and rhythmic pattern are simple, they can provide the suitable motion planning for the robot since the resultant movement is based on the animal's movements. The validity of the proposed idea is demonstrated through dynamic simulations.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2008

우리나라 서, 남해안은 정규압밀 또는 약간 과압밀된 연약 점성토층이 널리 분포하고 있다. 이러한 연약지반의 효율적이고 경제적인 설계와 시공을 위해서는 사전에 공학적 특성을 상세히 파악하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 한반도 남해안 해성점토에 대하여 자연함수비, 비중, 전체단위중량, 초기간극비, 액성한계, 소성한계, 활성도의 물리적 특성을 파악하고 토질정수간의 상관성을 규명하였다. 분석을 위하여 비교적 신뢰성이 크다고 볼 수 있는 대형 항만공사용 최근자료를 수집하여 이용하였다. 상관관계분석에서 선형회귀분석과 비선형회귀분석을 통하여 최적의 값을 도출하였다. 본 분석에 사용된 통계 소프트웨어는 SPSS(Version10.0)을 이용하였다. 분석결과 토질정수 사이의 선형및 비선형 회귀분석결과 함수비와 초기간극비의 상관성이 가장 큰 것으로 나타났으며 선형 및 누승형 회귀분석에서 동일한 결정계수를 나타내 주고 있다. 기타 다른 정수사이의 상관성은 누승식 및 지수승식 형태의 비선형 회귀분석이 선형회귀분석보다 양호한 상관성을 보여주고 있다.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.321-329
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• 2002

Artificial neural network has been used for damage assessment by many researchers, but there are still some barriers that must be overcome to improve its accuracy and efficiency. The major problems with the conventional neural network are the necessity of many training patterns for neural network teaming process and ambiguity in the relationship of neural network structure to the convergence of solution. In this paper, the PNN is used as a pattern classifier to detect the damages of the railway bridge using dynamic response. The comparison between the mode shape and the natural frequency of structure as training pattern is investigated for approriate selection of the training pattern in the damage detection of railway bridge using the PNN.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.157-161
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• 2019

This study is to suggest some theoretical and policy implications through investigating the relationships between parental attitude and adolescent's self_esteem. This study analyzed some data including parental attitude and self_esteem from KCYPS. Parental attitude was supposed not to change as time goes by. The analytical results are the followings. First, the change rate and intercept of adolescent's self-esteem were significant, which means the change pattern of self-esteem depends on adolescent. Second, positive parental attitudes influence on the change pattern of adolescent's self-esteem significantly. Third, negative parental attitude influence on the change pattern of adolescent's self-esteem significantly. This study suggests some policy implications basing on these analytical results.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제57권12호
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• pp.2330-2335
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• 2008

In this paper, we proposed a robust watermark scheme for image based on the discrete wavelet transform. In the first, we use the triplet method for embedding and extraction of watermark. Triplet method uses relationship among the discrete wavelet coefficients at the same position in the three detail subband of image. In the second, we use barcode Pattern Image for watermark scheme. By using barcode Pattern Images, a user is able to make many kinds of own watermark. In the third, the proposed method for image watermark provides the invisiblility which the other user can not discriminate watermark from watermarked image. The advantage of the proposed method is visibility when we extracted watermark from the image. The corresponding experimental results show that the proposed method has performance of a robustness from the noise attack.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.71-77
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• 1993

This study was conducted in order to figure out the energy consumption pattern in rice production system of Korea, with literature investigation focused on energy requirement in rice production system in worldwide. The investigation reveals that 24,994 MJ/ha was needed to produce 4,500kg of rice production or 5.55 MJ/kg was consumed. The major enegry consumptions are resulted from the application of nitrogen fertilizer, fuel for farm machinery, and farm machinery embodied energy, which showed somewhat different energy consumption pattern than that of the developed country, like, U.S.A. Based on the machinery chosen in this investigation, it was found that 32.7% of the fuel energy, 2,431.8MJ, was consumed in drying operation, 32.2%, 2.402MJ, in tillage and land preparation. 25.8%, 1.923.6MJ in harvest. A linear relationship was found in pre harvest energy input and output of rice production.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.93-110
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• 2019

Objectives : To examine food therapy for dermatological illnesses within their relationship with Pattern Identification and Treatment Discussion in "Sikryochanyo". Methods : Texts concerning dermatological conditions in "Sikryochanyo" were selected, followed by identifying each condition's pattern and treatment through examining each food ingredient's nature, flavor and main effect. Results : Each food ingredient such as eel, white sesame, duck meat, mallow, red beans, oyster, chicken meat, mung beans, female pig hooves, Chinese cabbage, venison, roe deer meat, kelp, seaweed, wheat, lappa fruit used to treat certain dermatological conditions could be categorized according to its properties in regulating Coldness, Heat, Deficiency, and Excessiveness of a given condition. Conclusions : When applying food ingredients to dermatological illnesses, Coldness, Heat, Deficiency, Excessiveness of the condition must be differentiated first for appropriate administration of food to the pattern that is being addressed.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1995

Neuromuscular difference between normal subjects and low-back pain patients has been identified in terms of neural excitation signal measured by Electromyography (EMG) under the dynamic flexion/extension trunk motion. Ten healthy subjects and ten low-back pain patients were recruited for this study. New parameters and normalization technique were introduced to quantify the muscle excitation pattern among the flexor-extensor pairs of muscles : rectus abdominis (RA)-erector spinae (ES at L1 and L5 level), external oblique (EO)-internal oblique (IO), rectus femoris (quadricep : QUD)-biceps femoris( hamstring : HAM), and tibialis anterior (TA)-gastrocnemius (GAS). Results indicated that the temporal EMG pattern such as peak timing difference between the hip flexor (QUD) and extensor (HAM) and the duration of coexcitation between ES at L5 and RA muscle pairs showed a statistically significant difference between normal subjects and low-back pain patients. Improtantly, this study presented a new technique to identify the dynamic muscle excitation pattern that canb be least affected by EMG-length-velocity relationship. Further study can performed to validate this method for clinical application to quantitatively identify the low-back pain patients in the future.