• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2000

목적 : 여러 종양에 있어 DNA ploidy 양상은 여러 임상조직학적인 소견과의 연관성을 보여주어 왔다. 이에 본 연구에서는 대장직장암에 있어서의 이러한 연관성에 대해 알아보고 직장 5상 결장암에 있어서 치료 실패율과의 연관성에 대해 알아 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 본 연구에서는 대장 직장암으로 진단 후, 근치적 절제술을 시행받은 환자 117명을 대상으로 하였고 Medley method에 따라 파라핀에 고정 후 flow cytometry를 사용하여 DNA ploldy와 여러 임상조직학적인 소견들과의 연관성을 밝히고자 하였다. 이 중 Duke 병기 B, C 직장 5상 결장암 환자 75명을 대상으로 하여 치료실패 양상과 DNA ploidy 간의 상관관계를 알아 보았다. 결과 : 종양분석 결과 40예(34.2%)에서 aneupioldy histogram을 얻을 수 있었다. DNA aneuploidy와 나이, 성별, 침범 깊이, 위치 그리고 Dukes' 병기와는 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 Dukes 병기 B 직장암에 있어서는 치료 실패율과 DNA ploidy 사이에 유의한 상관관계를 보였다(p=0.048). 결론 : 대장 직장암에서 DNA ploi텀는 다른 임상조직학적 소견들과 관련이 없었고 직장 5상 결장암 병기 B에서는 치료 실패율과 연관성을 보였으나 보다 많은 수의 환자를 대상으로한 검증이 필요하다고 생각된다.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제30A권9호
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• pp.59-70
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• 1993

An efficient test method based on march test is presented to cover line leakage failures associated with bit and word lines or mega bit DRAM chips. A modified column march (Y-march) pattern is derived to improve fault coverage against the data retention failure. Time delay concept is introduced to develop a new column march test algorithm detecting various data retention failures. A built-in test circuit based on the column march pattern is designed and verified using logic simulation, confirming correct test operations.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.125-145
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• 2011

Pushover analysis has gained significant popularity as an analytical tool for realistic determination of the inelastic behaviour of RC structures. Though significant work has been done to evaluate the demands realistically, the evaluation of capacity and realistic failure modes has taken a back seat. In order to throw light on the inelastic behaviour and capacity evaluation for the RC framed structures, a 3D Reinforced concrete frame structure was tested under monotonically increasing lateral pushover loads, in a parabolic pattern, till failure. The structure consisted of three storeys and had 2 bays along the two orthogonal directions. The structure was gradually pushed in small increments of load and the corresponding displacements were monitored continuously, leading to a pushover curve for the structure as a result of the test along with other relevant information such as strains on reinforcement bars at critical locations, failure modes etc. The major failure modes were observed as flexural failure of beams and columns, torsional failure of transverse beams and joint shear failure. The analysis of the structure was by considering all these failure modes. In order to have a comparison, the analysis was performed as three different cases. In one case, only the flexural hinges were modelled for critical locations in beams and columns; in second the torsional hinges for transverse beams were included in the analysis and in the third case, joint shear hinges were also included in the analysis. It is shown that modelling and capturing all the failure modes is practically possible and such an analysis can provide the realistic insight into the behaviour of the structure.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.365-373
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• 2023

Objective: To investigate the potential correlation between fixed orthodontic retention failure and several patient- and treatment-related factors. Methods: Patients finishing treatment with fixed appliances between 2016 and 2017 were retrospectively included in this study. Those not showing fixed retention failure were considered as control group. Patients with fixed retention failure were considered as the experimental group. Additionally, patients with failure of fixed retainers in the period of June 2019 to March 2021 were prospectively identified and included in the experimental group. The location of the first retention failure, sex, pretreatment dental occlusion, facial characteristics, posttreatment dental occlusion, treatment approach and presence of oral habits were compared between groups before and after treatment separately by using a Fisher exact test and a Mann-Whitney U test. Results: 206 patients with fixed retention failure were included, 169 in the mandibular and 74 in the maxillary jaws. Significant correlations were observed between retention failure in the mandibular jaws and mandibular arch length discrepancy (P = 0.010), post-treatment growth pattern (P = 0.041), nail biting (P < 0.001) and abnormal tongue function (P = 0.002). Retention failure in the maxillary jaws was more frequent in patients with IPR in the mandibular jaws (P = 0.005) and abnormal tongue function (P = 0.021). Conclusions: This study suggests a correlation between fixed retention failure and parafunctional habits, such as nail biting and abnormal tongue function. Prospective studies with larger study populations could further confirm these results.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.75-79
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• 2017

The use of tractors to carry out agricultural work has played an important role in mechanizing the agricultural sector. A repairable mechanical system (such as an agricultural tractor) is subject to deterioration or failure. In this study, a regression model was used to predict the failure rate of a John Deere 3140 tractor. The machine failure pattern was carefully studied, and key factors affecting the failure rate were identified in five regions of the Khouzestan province. Through a questionnaire, data was obtained from farm records. This data was grouped into six sub-groups, according to the annual use hours (AUH) and the manner in which the tractors were stored. Results showed that AUH and storage policies affected failure rate slightly. With an increase in the age of the tractors, the failure rate in the tractors used for 1050-2000 hours annually and stored outdoors was higher than those used for 200-1000 hours annually and stored in sheds. When the tractors were of the same age, the slope of the curve in the 200-1000 annual use hours increased gradually and then rapidly, but failure rate in the 1050-2000 annual use hours was high from the beginning, and subsequent increase in this value was almost uniform. As a result, it can be said that with an increase in the annual use hours, the failure and breakdown rate in John Deere 3140 tractors rapidly increases, but maintenance conditions only slightly affect the failure and breakdown rate.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.283-289
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• 1998

목적 : 국소 진행된 비소세포 폐암에서 방사선치료 전 시행하는 유도화학요법의 효과를 분석하기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 1989년 부터 1995년 까지 본원에서 국소 진행된 비소세포 폐암으로 진단받은 환자 중 80명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적으로 분석하였다. 21명의 환자는 유도화학요법후 방사선치료를 시행하였고 59명의 환자는 방사선 단독으로 치료를 시행하였다. 항암제는 cispatin 에 기초한 약물로 시행하였다. 모든 환자는 Co-60 또는 6 MV 선형가속기로 하루 1.8 Gy 씩 50 Gy 내지 80Gy (중앙값, 64.8 Gy) 조사하였다. 두 군간에 반응율, 생존율, 실패양상을 분석하였다. 결과 : 전체 반응율은 유도화학요법 군에서 48%, 방사선 단독 군에서 44% 였다. 80명의 환자 중 치료실패에 대한 평가가 46예에서 가능하였다. 유도화학요법 군에 대한 초기 실패 양상은 국소 재발 8예 (57%), 원격전이 4예 (33%)가 있었다. 방사선 단독 군은 국소재발 24예 (71%), 원격전이 5예 (29%)가 있었다. 두 군간의 재발 유형에 있어 통계학적 차이는 없었다. 1년 및 2년 생존율은 유도화학요법 군에서 각각 43%, 14% 였고 방사선 단독군에서 31%, 7%였다 (p=0.13). 결론 : 제 3기 비소세포 폐암에서 유도화학요법과 방사선 치료의 병합요법이 방사선 단독 치료에 비해 생존율에 있어서 좀더 나은 경향을 보였으나 통계적으로 차이는 없었다. 원격 전이는 두 군간에 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으며 이것은 유도화학요법이 원격전이를 효과적으로 조절하지 못하는 것을 의미하는 것으로 추정된다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.565-576
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• 2020

Experimental and discrete element methods were used to investigate the effects of angle of Y shape non-persistent joint on the tensile behaviour of joint's bridge area under brazilian test. concrete samples with diameter of 100 mm and thikness of 40 mm were prepared. Within the specimen, two Y shape non-persistent notches were provided. The large notch lengths were 6 cm, 4 cm and 2 cm. the small notch lengths were 3 cm, 2 cm and 1 cm. The angle of larger notch related to horizontal axis was 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°. Totally, 12 different configuration systems were prepared for Y shape non-persistent joints. Also, 18 models with different Y shape non-persistent notch angle and notch length were prepared in numerical model. The large notch lengths were 6 cm, 4 cm and 2 cm. the small notch lengths were 3 cm, 2 cm and 1 cm. The angle of larger notch related to horizontal axis was 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150. Tensile strength of model materil was 1 MPa. The axial load was applied to the model by rate of 0.02 mm/sec. This testing showed that the failure process was mostly governed by the Y shape non-persistent joint angle and joint length. The tensile strengths of the specimens were related to the fracture pattern and failure mechanism of the discontinuities. It was shown that the tensile behaviour of discontinuities is related to the number of the induced tensile cracks which are increased by increasing the joint length and joint angle. The minimum tensile strength occurs when the angle of larger joint related to horizontal axis was 60°. Also, the maximum compressive strength occurs when the angle of larger joint related to horizontal axis was 90°. The tensile strength was decreased by increasing the notch length. The failure pattern and failure strength are similar in both methods i.e. the experimental testing and the numerical simulation methods.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.438-447
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• 1996

This study was performed to determine the failure strength and pattern of implant prosthesis luted with resin cement between gold cylinder and superstructure, and to evaluate the bonding strength of resin cement. To evaluate failure strength and pattern, the groups were divided into 2. Group 1 : Casted gold cylinder Group 2 : Luted with resin cement between gold cylinder ans superstructure. To evaluate effects of the bonding strength of the implant prosthesis luted with resin cement according to storage condition, the groups were divided into 3 : Group A : Stored in waste at $37^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours. Group B : 1000 cycles thermocycled between $5^{\circ}C\;and\;55^{\circ}C$ in water. Group C : Stored in water at $37^{\circ}C$ for 30 days. The results were as follows. 1. Failure was found at gold screw in all specimens of group 1 & 2. 2. The bond strength in group 1 and 2 was 189.86 and 188.14kgf. There was no statistically significant difference between group 1 and 2(P>0.05). 3. The bond strength of group A, B and C was 53.28, 45,86 and 39.29Kgf. There result suggest the advantage of an improved fit of superstructure to the abutment and a simple procedure. But there was a measurable decrease of the bond strength according to storage condition. So, Further research is necessary to evaluate of the implant prosthesis luted with resin cement between gold cylinder and superstructure.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제10권7호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2020

최근 전국 각 지역 AMI(Advanced Metering Infrastructure) 원격검침 시스템의 보급사업이 활성화되고 있으며, 전력수요 관리를 위한 양방향 통신 및 보안 요금제 기능 등 다양한 계량 기능을 제공하고 있다. 현재 AMI 시스템은 새로운 내부 IoT 장비 및 네트워크 규모의 증가로 인해 기존 RDB(Relational Database) 기반 장애 분석이 어렵다. 본 연구는 기존 RDB 데이터를 활용하는 새로운 GDB(Graph Database)기반 장애 분석 방법을 제안한다. 내부 임계치와 상태 값 등 누적된 데이터를 통해 새로운 장애 패턴의 상관관계를 분석한다. GDB 기반 시뮬레이션 결과 RDB에서 분석이 어려웠던 새로운 장애 패턴을 예측할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.249-252
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• 1991

수수로가 항암요법만으로 치료한 국소 진행된 위암환자에서 치료실패의 양상을 분석해봄으로써 수술후 방사선치료의 가능성을 알아보기 위하여 1989년 6월부터 1990년 8월까지 치료받은 107명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적 분석을 시행하였다. 제2기 ($T_2N_1,\;T_3N_0$)환자는 20이었으며 제3기 ($T_3N_1,\;T_3N_2$(환자는 87명이었다 16명은 수술후 추적이 어려워 91명에 대한 분석을 시행하였다. 모든 환자는 근치적 절제술을 시행받았고 이중 57명은 수술후 항암요법을 시행하고 24명은 계속적 추적 관찰만을 하였다. 국소재발율은 항암 요법 시행군에서는 $321\%$, 추적관찰군에서는 $24\%$로 차이가 없었고 원격전이는 항암요법 시행군에서는 $12\%$ 추적관찰군에서는 $26\%$로 항앙요법 시행군에서 원격 전이가 적어지는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 국소 재발환자의 $52\%$는 anastomosis site에서 재발하였고 원격 전이시 가장 많이 침범되는 장기는 간이었다. 아직 추적 관찰 기간이 짧으나 수술후 방사선 치료가 최소한 $20\%$이상의 환자에서 도움이 될것으로 생각된다.