• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.443-449
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• 2021

In this study, the purpose is to present the foot inclination angle for realizing an image similar to that of the existing examination method and to present the clinical usefulness of the new examination method through comparison between the existing examination method and the newly designed standing foot oblique projection. A foot phantom was used, and the magnification of the image according to the angle was quantitatively evaluated by attaching a nut to the position of the cuboid of the phantom. The internal oblique image acquired using a 30° wedge was set as the standard image. And that image was compared with the images acquired by changing the angle of the foot from 20° to 65° at intervals of 5°. Image evaluation was performed by 3 radiological technologists, and qualitative evaluation using a Likert 5-point scale for evaluation items of true oblique view and quantitative evaluation of the value obtained by measuring the diameter of a nut in each image were performed as image evaluation. For data analysis, reliability analysis between the measure and comparative analysis of the average value for each angle were performed. The qualitative evaluation score for each image was 4.5 to 5 points for most questions in the case of the standard image. And 4 points or less for most questions in the images with a foot angle of 45° or less, and an evaluation score close to the standard image was obtained in the image of 50° or more. And in the quantitative evaluation, the diameter of the nut was measured to be 9.28~9.56 mm. The qualitative evaluation showed a reliability of 0.95~1.0 and the quantitative evaluation was 0.62. As a result of comparing and analyzing the average of the quantitative and qualitative average values for each angle image, the group with the average value most similar to the standard image was images obtained at 55° and 60°, and in the post-analysis, the images of both groups were the same group as the standard image(p<0.01). As a result of this study, it was found that the angle of inclination of the foot for realizing the image most similar to the existing image in the standing foot oblique projection is 55°~60°. In addition, if this test method is applied to the clinic, it is believed that it will help prevent safety accidents such as falls during the test and improve test efficiency by minimizing the movement of patients for the test.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.411-420
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• 2018

This study was conducted to identify the effects of interpersonal communication between health care providers after receiving supplementary education. The participants of this study were 433 health care providers who work at 29 general hospitals in Gwangju Metropolitan City and Jeollanamdo Province. Data were collected from June 8 to June 25, 2018 and evaluated by t-tests, dispersion analysis, correlation analysis and stepwise regression. The results were produced by investigating interpersonal communications according to socio-demographic and health-related characteristics including age, education level, bed size of the hospital at which the participant worked, job satisfaction, hospital location, personal health status, experience with health care management and experience with depression. There were significant differences in communication observed according to supplemental education awareness regarding age, bed size of hospital, occupation, wage, type of medical institution of employment, job satisfaction, work location, health status, health care education experience and chronic disease. There were positive correlations between supplemental education awareness in health workers and their interpersonal communication. The factors that had positive effects on interpersonal communication were level of education and health-related education experience, while age, hospital bed size and job dissatisfaction had negative effects. Finally, support environment, learning transfer and results were identified as sub-factors of supplemental education. Based on the results above, it was proposed that educational training to enhance results, provide a supportive environment and foster learning transfer be developed to increase communication between health workers and provide a safe health service for patients.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.365-374
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• 2019

Unlike benign tumors, malignant tumors are capable of metastasis, easy to relapse, poor survival, and low quality of life. In Korea, here is a tendency to treat the tumors collectively according to the General Principles of Cancer Chemotherapy(GPCC) of the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service (HIRA). But recently, companion diagnostics(CDx) is recommended rather than unilateral medication because biomarker-based molecular diagnostics is possible to predict the drug response of patients before drug treatment. Not only domestic but also overseas Food and Drug Administratio (FDA) recommends the development of the CDx system at the stage of drug development to ensure the responsiveness and safety of medicines. In this study, I focused on the necessity of CDx development direction as well as CDx development status through literature review. Furthermore I also discussed CDx types according to the molecular diagnostic technology such as immunohistochemistry (IHC), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in situ hybridization (ISH), and next-generation sequencing (NGS) not only in the approved CDx but also in the developing one by US FDA. And I suggested the technology issue of CDx development process such as a selection of molecular diagnostics at the time of release, a clear understanding of the CDx mechanism, and a convergence of drug with CDx development. The necessity of social insurance system also was proposed for CDx development.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.489-492
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• 2014

This thesis provides the design of system software for the management of radiation dose that is generated using computer tomography(CT). Because radiation exposure is different depending on the difference in sensitivity to each part for each of the patient's body, if we will be able to manage an appropriate amount of radiation, it is possible to estimate the radiation exposure of the patient as a result. Recently, radiation leakage incident of Japanese nuclear power plant was in the news internationally and there is a growing interest not only a nuclear power plant, to medical radiation exposure. In spite of the fact that currently safety management of radiation is under control only the workers of the radiation involved, exposure management of patients until now have been required. Surgery and inspection using the radiation in Korea will increase, due to this medical exposure has increased, but it is a reality that medical institution don't know the level of radiation exposure applied to the patient. Therefore a system for managing the radiation exposure of the patient from the medical institution is required. This paper proposes a design of a software program to manage the radiation exposure of CT is an typical imaging tool to use the radiation in the medical institution. By check the amount of radiation dose and set the limit of dose, we would help to optimize the medical exposure of the patient.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.49-70
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• 2021

Objectives : This study was conducted to approve the effectiveness and safety of herbal medicine on presbycusis with kidney deficiency. Methods : We searched randomized controlled trials(RCTs) on presbycusis patients diagnosed with kidney deficiency through 10 electronic databases from the start to Sep 7, 2021. Study collection and data extraction, and evaluation of risk of bias were conducted by two independent collaborator. The evaluation of the risk of bias in included RCTs was carried out by using Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. And the data synthesis was conducted by using Review Manager(RevMan, ver.5.4). Results : 1. The treatment group which used herbal medicine(HM) alone was more effective than the control group which used only western medicine(WM) on effective rate of hearing loss. 2. In 3 studies comparing the HM-WM combination treatment group with the control groups using the same WM treatment, the effective rate was statistically significantly higher in the HM-WM combination treatment group. 3. Of the 5 studies that reported adverse reactions, one study reported mild nausea and dizziness, but the difference between the HM treatment group and the WM control group was not statistically significant, and no side effects occurred in other 3 studies. 4. In studies comparing HM and WM, the HM treatment group improved hearing loss, whole blood viscosity, serum TNF-𝛼, IL-1𝛽, IL-6, and oxidative stress indicators better than the WM control group, and there was no significant difference. 5. In studies comparing the HM-WM treatment group with the WM control group, the severity of tinnitus, quality of life, and feelings of anxiety and depression were better in the treatment group than the control group. Conclusions : This study shows that the herbal medicine can improve symptoms of presbycusis with kidney deficiency.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.145-153
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• 2022

Background: Postoperative analgesia (POA) is an important determinant of successful treatment. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has recently gained attention as a promising adjuvant to local anesthetics (LA). The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of levobupivacaine (LB) as an adjuvant during inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) in the extraction of lower impacted third molars (LITM). Methods: A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, triple-blind, parallel-arm, and clinical study was performed on 50 systemically healthy participants who required removal of an asymptomatic LITM. Using a 1:1 distribution, the participants were randomized into two groups (n = 25). Group L (control group) received 1.8 mL of 0.5% LB and 0.2 mL normal saline (placebo) and Group D (study group) received a blend of 1.8 mL of 0.5% LB and 0.2 mL (20 ㎍) DEX. The primary outcome variable was the duration of POA and hemodynamic stability, and the secondary variable was the total number of analgesics required postoperatively for up to 72 h. The participants were requested to record the time of rescue analgesic use and the total number of rescue analgesics taken. The area under the curve was plotted for the total number of analgesics administered. The pain was evaluated using the visual analog scale. Data analysis was performed using paired students and unpaired t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, and receiver operating characteristic analysis. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: The latency, profoundness of anesthesia, and duration of POA were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The differences between mean pain scores at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h were found to be significant (each P = 0.0001). Fewer analgesics were required by participants in group D (2.12 ± 0.33) than in L (4.04 ± 0.67), with a significant difference (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: Perineurally administered LA with DEX is a safe, effective, and therapeutic approach for improving latency, providing profound POA, and reducing the need for postoperative analgesia.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.106-113
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• 2022

Objectives: Herbal medicine is a worldwide health topic. Vitex agnus-castus L. (VAC) is a popular plant used for gynecologic problems due to its hormonal effects. The aim of this study is to reveal VAC extract effect on fetus when this herb is used started from antenatal period or during pregnancy. Methods: Performed from starting day of January 2019 till February 2019, 48 rats were assigned in randomly divided eight-member six groups: control (C1), treated group with 365 mg/kg VAC from initiation of insemination (T1) and 30 days prior to pregnancy (T2), control that underwent caesarean section on 15^th day of gestational age (C2) and treated group with 365 mg/kg VAC from initiation of insemination (T3) and 30 days prior to pregnancy (T4) that underwent caesarean section. Weight, sex and number of fetuses, abortion and still birth rate and estradiol level were evaluated using t-test by SPSS software. Results: We showed increased weight among T1 group considering totally and sex-dependent which is significant (all p-value < 0.05). We also detected significantly decreased weight in T2 in total (p-value < 0.0001) and when considering female fetuses (0.043) but not males (0.17). Although the results showed slightly non-significant increased weight among fetuses of T3 (totally or based on the fetus sex) compared to the control group (C2), T4 group had statistically decreased weight compared to control group. Pregnancy rate and pregnancy outcome were affected by VAC usage. The time of VAC initiation also affected live birth and abortion rates. Conclusion: VAC extract may affect pregnancy rate, live birth rate, abortion and stillbirth rates. Its effect on the weight and the sex showed dual pattern depends on the time of initiation and pregnancy trimester of evaluation. Prescribing this medicinal plant for patients being prone to pregnancy should be with caution. Further study is recommended.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.135-144
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the surgical and oncological outcomes between totally laparoscopic pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (TLPPG) with intracorporeal anastomosis and laparoscopy-assisted pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (LAPPG) with extracorporeal anastomosis. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed in 258 patients with cT1N0 gastric cancer who underwent laparoscopic pylorus-preserving gastrectomy using two different anastomosis methods: TLPPG with intracorporeal anastomosis (n=88) and LAPPG with extracorporeal anastomosis (n=170). The following variables were compared between the two groups to assess the postoperative surgical and oncological outcomes: proximal and distal margins, number of resected lymph nodes (LNs) in total and in LN station 6, operation time, postoperative hospital stay, and postoperative morbidity including delayed gastric emptying (DGE). Results: The average length of the proximal margin was similar between the TLPPG and LAPPG groups (2.35 vs. 2.73 cm, P=0.070). Although the distal margin was significantly shorter in the TLPPG group than in the LAPPG group (3.15 vs. 4.08 cm, P=0.001), no proximal or distal resection margin-positive cases were reported in either group. The average number of resected LN was similar in both groups (36.0 vs. 33.98, P=0.229; LN station 6, 5.72 vs. 5.33, P=0.399). The operation time was shorter in the TLPPG group than in the LAPPG (200.17 vs. 220.80 minutes, P=0.001). No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of postoperative hospital stay (9.38 vs. 10.10 days, P=0.426) and surgical complication rate (19.3% vs. 22.9%), including DGE (8.0% vs. 11.8%, P=0.343). Conclusions: The oncological safety and postoperative complications of TLPPG with intracorporeal anastomosis are similar to those of LAPPG with extracorporeal anastomosis.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.539-548
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• 2022

Objective : Although full-endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion (Endo-LIF) has been tried as the latest alternative technique to minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interobody fusion (MIS-TLIF) since mid-2010, the evidence is still lacking. We compared the clinical outcome and safety of Endo-LIF to MIS-TLIF for lumbar degenerative disease. Methods : We systematically searched electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library to find literature comparing Endo-LIF to MIS-TLIF. The results retrieved were last updated on December 11, 2020. The perioperative outcome included the operation time, blood loss, complication, and hospital stay. The clinical outcomes included Visual analog scale (VAS) of low back pain and leg pain and Oswestry disability index (ODI), and the radiological outcome included pseudoarthosis rate with 12-month minimum follow-up. Results : Four retrospective observational studies and one prospective observational study comprising 423 patients (183 Endo-LIF and 241 MIS-TLIF) were included, and the pooled data analysis revealed low heterogeneity between studies in our review. Baseline characteristics including age and sex were not different between the two groups. Operation time was significantly longer in Endo-LIF (mean difference [MD], 23.220 minutes; 95% confidence interval [CI], 10.669-35.771; p=0.001). However, Endo-LIF resulted in less perioperative blood loss (MD, -144.710 mL; 95% CI, 247.941-41.478; p=0.023). Although VAS back pain at final (MD, -0.120; p=0.586), leg pain within 2 weeks (MD, 0.005; p=0.293), VAS leg pain at final (MD, 0.099; p=0.099), ODI at final (MD, 0.141; p=0.093) were not different, VAS back pain within 2 weeks was more favorable in the Endo-LIF (MD, -1.538; 95% CI, -2.044 to -1.032; p<0.001). On the other hand, no statistically significant group difference in complication rate (relative risk [RR], 0.709; p=0.774), hospital stay (MD, -2.399; p=0.151), and pseudoarthrosis rate (RR, 1.284; p=0.736) were found. Conclusion : Relative to MIS-TLIF, immediate outcomes were favorable in Endo-LIF in terms of blood loss and immediate VAS back pain, although complication rate, mid-term clinical outcomes, and fusion rate were not different. However, the challenges for Endo-LIF include longer operation time which means a difficult learning curve and limited surgical indication which means patient selection bias. Larger-scale, well-designed study with long-term follow-up and randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm and update the results of this systematic review.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.207-220
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• 2021

The purpose of the study is to investigate the application and utility of emergency rescue education and derive limitations, improvements and development directions of university education based on the field experience of 119 emergency medical technician(EMT)s. The research subjects were six new 119 emergency medical technician(EMT)s within three years of starting their first-aid service in the field. After conducting in-depth narrative interviews, the analysis was performed using Colaizzi method. The 82 formulated meanings were derived from significant statements. From formulated meanings, 23 themes, 4 theme clusters, 2 categories were identified. The four theme clusters were 'The effectiveness of university education', 'The limitations of university education', 'The direction of improvement in educational methodology' and 'The direction of improvement in educational contents. University education has been helpful overall, but limitations are observed at the same time, suggesting that it should be developed through the improvement of educational methodologies (i.e. problem-based learning, field case review, education through role-playing, simulation education, strengthening skill ect.) and educational content (i.e. training tailored to the field, education focused on trauma or cardiac arrest, expansion of triage education in disaster management, reinforcement of education on-site safety, education on special patients, diverse guidance and faculty for different perspectives).