• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.81-86
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• 1991

Dry powder and different extracts of Agave lophantha were tested against Biomphalaria alexandrina. The results showed that the butanol extract has high molluscicidal activity. The activity of the dry powder has been found to be stable under the effect of some simulated field conditions. Also the toxicological effect of the plant on mice was tested through determination of certain parameters such as total protein, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase enzymes as well as histopathological study on liver and kidney.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2015

The aim of this study is to synthesize pathological breathy voice and to make a cepstral peak prominence (CPP) table following breathiness ranks by cepstral analysis to supplement reliability of the perceptual auditory judgment task. KlattGrid synthesizer included in Praat was used. Synthesis parameters consist of two groups, i.e., constants and variables. Constant parameters are pitch, amplitude, flutter, open phase, oral formant and bandwidth. Variable parameters are breathiness (BR), aspiration amplitude (AH), and spectral tilt (TL). Five hundred sixty samples of synthetic breathy vowel /a/ for male were created. Three raters participated in ranking of the breathiness. 217 were proved to be inadequate samples from perceptual judgment and cepstral analysis. Finally, 343 samples were selected. These CPP values and other related parameters from cepstral analysis are classified under four breathiness ranks (B0~B3). The mean and standard deviation of CPP is $16.10{\pm}1.15$ dB(B0), $13.68{\pm}1.34$ dB(B1), $10.97{\pm}1.41$ dB(B2), and $3.03{\pm}4.07$ dB(B3). The value of CPP decreases toward the severe group of breathiness because there is a lot of noise and a small quantity of harmonics.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.1717-1722
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• 2007

12주간의 저강도 트레드밀 운동은 본태성 고혈압 쥐의 안정시 심박수와 혈압, LPOA와 호모시스테인 수준의 개선과 함께 심장근의 eNOS mRNA 및 골격근의 sNOS 단백질 발현량을 증가시킨 반면 심근의 ET-1 mRNA 수준을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과들은 결국 운동이 혈압조절 뿐만 아니라 고혈압에 의한 심근비대현상 관련 유전자들의 기능개선을 가져와 고혈압을 개선시키는 작용을 한다는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.71-82
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• 2008

Survivin is a member of the inhibitors of apoptosis (IAP) family that have been known to inhibit activated caspases in apoptosis. In contrast to most IAP family members, survivin mRNA is expressed during fetal development, is not found in normal adult tissues and is overexpressed again in the cancer. Though survivin expression has been documented in most human cancers, little is known about its expression in OSCC and its potential value as a predictor of cancer survival. The purpose of this study was to investigate survivin expression in OSCC and to evaluate its value as a prognostic marker. We evaluated survivin expressions in cancer lines and OSCC samples and investigated the relationships between survivin expressions and clini-co-pathological parameters including stage, differentiation, proliferation, lymph node metastasis, blood vessel density, and gelatinolytic activity. With immunohistochemistry, we analyzed survivin expression in 38 OSCCs. Patients' clinico-pathological parameters and their survival rate were analyzed to reveal their correlations with Survivin expressions. We cultured oral cancer cell lines and evaluated the correlation between gelatinolytic activities and survivin expressions of them. Survivin protein was observed both in nuclei and cytoplasm of tumor specimens while little or not observed in normal gingival mucosal tissues. Additionally, survivin expressions were correlated with lymph node metastasis, tumor proliferation and survival rate. Survivin expression was observed in 100% of 38 samples of OSCC and its expression levels are statistically associated with the proliferative activity of the tumors, lymph node metastasis and the survival of the patients. Based on these results, survivin is commonly expressed in OSCC and may thus provide valuable prognostic information related with lymph node metastasis, proliferation and survival rate as well as a potential therapeutic target in OSCC.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.4719-4722
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• 2016

Background: Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) is involved in the detoxification of carcinogenic agents. DNA copy number variants of GSTM1 may be associated with cancer progression and may result in reduced survival time of various cancers. Determination of DNA copy number variants was here used to assess the association between GSTM1 copy number variant and pathological status and survival time of colorectal-cancer patients treated with 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy. Methods: One hundred thirteen Thai colorectal-cancer patients were investigated for GSTM1 copy number variant by real-time PCR. Relationships between gene copy number variants and clinico-pathological parameters were determined. Result: Associations were evident between GSTM1 copy number and stage of tumor (P = 0.026) and metastasis at diagnosis (P = 0.049), with odds ratio values of 0.2 and 0.3 respectively. Conclusions: GSTM1 copy number variant was here not related with reduced overall survival for the colorectal-cancer patients receiving 5-FU-based chemotherapy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.4071-4075
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• 2013

Expression changes of somatostatin receptor subtypes (SSTRs) including SSTR1, SSTR2, SSTR3, SSTR4 and SSTR5 in the development of gallbladder cancer were assessed with attention to relationships with clinical pathological characteristics. SSTRs in 29 gallbladder cancer and 25 normal gallbladder tissue specimens were examined by immunohistochemical staining. Differences between SSTRs expressions and clinical pathological parameters were analyzed by chi-square test. The five subtypes of SSTR were all expressed in gallbladder cancer tissues and SSTR3 presented the highest expression. SSTR5 expression was increased significantly in gallbladder cancer (P<0.05) compared with that in normal gallbladder tissue. SSTR3 expression in highly and moderately differentiated gallbladder cancer was significantly higher than that in poorly differentiated lesions (P<0.05). SSTR4 expression was lower in gallbladder cancer with lymph node metastasis than that in gallbladder cancer without lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). Therfore, these results indicated that SSRT5, SSTR3 and SSTR4 may play important roles in the formation and development of gallbladder cancer.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2015

In the present study, we investigated ability of recognition of auditory perception with regards to the quality of voice in postlingual CI adults and proposed a training program to improve within subject reliability. A prospective case-control study was conducted in adults with 7 postlingual deaf who received a CI surgery and 10 normal hearing controls. The pre and post test and training program included parameters of consensus auditory-perceptual evaluation of voice(CAPE-V) with pathological voice sample by using Alvin. In results of pre-post test for monitoring improvements of internal reliability for listeners via the training program, there was statistically significant difference in both test and group. There was statistically significant difference in internal reliability between pre-post test in the normal hearing group, the result was no significant in the CI group. The present study found that CI adults showed less ability in awareness of voice quality compared to normal hearing group. Also the training program improved pitch and loudness in CI adults.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.12-19
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• 2019

A former study has shown that the spin-lattice relaxation time ($T_1$) in cancerous prostate tissue had enhanced contrast at an ultra-low magnetic field, $132{\mu}T$. To study the field dependence and the origin of the contrast we measured $T_1$ in pairs of ex-vivo prostate tissues at the Earth's magnetic field. A portable and coil-based nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) system was adopted for $T_1$ measurements at $40{\mu}T$. The $T_1$ contrast, ${\delta}=1-T_1$ (more cancer)/$T_1$(less cancer), was calculated from each pair. Additionally, we performed pathological examinations such as Gleason's score, cell proliferation index, and micro-vessel density (MVD), to quantify correlations between the pathological parameters and $T_1$ of the cancerous prostate tissues.

• 음성과학
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.27-38
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• 2002

The purpose of this article is to present the acoustic parameters (VOT, jitter, shimmer, vF0, vAm, NHR, SPI, VTI, DVB, DSH) for consonants (/pipi/, /$p^{h}ip^{h}i$/, /p'ip'i/) and sustained vowels (/a/, /e/, /i/) produced by normal subjects and dysphonia patients at two vocal effort(normal, high) by Lombard effect using 60dB white noise. Lombard effect indicates the vocal effort increase in noisy situation. At normal vocal effort, in general the acoustic parameter values of patients are greater than normal. And in noisy situation, significant decrease of acoustic values is seen in normal compared with in dysphonia patients. The clinical implication of this finding, the vocal quality in dysphonia is not compensated by vocal effort as well as normal subjects because of the inefficiency caused by abnormal vocal fold appearance and function. And with this result, we can counsel that the voice quality can not be improved as well as the patient expect.

• 음성과학
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.285-294
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• 2000

In this paper the acoustic characteristics of pathological voice, which are measured before and after surgical operation, are compared. This experiment is conducted for the purpose of predicting patients' speech after operation. The voices are recorded from the same patients. Jitter, shimmer and other parameters are. computed and their statistical characteristics are compared. Also spectral changes, such as formant frequency shift and spectral slope change, are compared. From the experimental results, it is verified that not only source characteristics but also vocal tract components vary. And this indicates that the modification of source parameters are not enough for the prediction. Also the result indicates that the operation causes change to both the physical shape of vocal folds and the manner of articulation.