• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2008

Purpose: To purpose of this study was to review the long-term follow up results of surgical treatment of the localized pigmented villonodular synovitis in the knee. Materials and Methods: We evaluated and analyzed 6 patients (6 cases) who underwent arthroscopy and excisional biopsy as pigmented villonodular synovitis from March 1988 to June 2002. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed by pathologic findings. All patients had been managed with arthroscopic excision, but two patients underwent mini-open excision. The recurrence was evaluated by the loss of preoperative symptom and physical examination for range of motion, pain and finding of swelling. Results: According to the arthroscopic findings, all patients had localized form of pigmented villonodular synovitis. Three patients had pedunculated type (one of them had torsion) and the two patients had nodular type and one patient had mixed type. All patients had improvement in pain, swelling and range of motion and there was no evidence of recurrence. Conclusion: In terms of long term follow up results, precise preoperative diagnosis and the adequate surgical treatment, especially arthroscopic excision for the localized pigmented villonodular synovitis, would be considered one of the fundamental modality to expect the good results.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.60-64
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• 2010

Purpose: Until now the general study for breast cancer patient has been mammography, breast sonography for anatomic diagnostics and $^{18}F$-FDG whole body PET for functional one. But the PEM (Positron Emission Mammography) was developed to increase sensitivity, specificity and accuracy to improve the disadvantage of each study. Therefore this present study aims to describe availability of PEM for improving diagnosis of breast cancer. Materials and Methods: During 3 months from January in 2010, PEM was performed on 100 patients who had history of breast cancer. Using Naviscan's PEM Flex Solo II scanner, PEM images of breast were acquired. And then we evaluated sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of PEM data by comparing results of PEM images with postoperative pathologic finding. Results: On the 100 patients, it could reveal 89 true positive, 9 false positive, 7 false negative and 87 true negative. Thus the results of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for PEM was evaluated 92.7%, 90.6% and 91.7%. Conclusion: The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy have been reported 83.7%, 68.5% and 77.1% in mammography, and that was 89.1%, 79.1% and 83.4% in breast sonography. However the results of PEM were more increased than others. Therefore the results of this study will be available that PEM used diagnosis with breast cancer, used preoperative operation plan and helps to discovery of a part recurrence.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.344-348
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• 2006

A 5-year-old, male Yorkshire terrier dog was presented with progressive seizure and anorexia. Definitive diagnosis of necrotizing meningoencephalitis(NME) was made based on characteristic clinical features, brain lesion with MRI, and histopathologic examination. The dog was treated with prednisolone for 20 days, firstly. Prednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil(MMF) were then administered for 40 days following the initial therapy. However, the clinical signs were not improved and seizure frequency was increased. This patient survived around 2 months after diagnosis. This case report described the clinical findings, imaging characteristics and pathologic features of NME in a Yorkshire terrier with trial treatment using MMF.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.502-511
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• 1999

Purpose: F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) has been proven to be useful in the differential diagnosis of breast mass and staging of breast cancer. This study assessed the diagnostic accuracy of F-18-FDG PET in the differentiation of breast mass and staging of breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Total 42 patients who had breast mass underwent F-18-FDG PET (all female, 40: 10 year old). We compared F-18 FDG PET results with pathologic findings in 24 patients Results: In the differentiation of breast mass, sensitivity and specificity were 95% (19/20) and 77% (7/9) respectively. Three false positive cases were due to inflammation and one false negative patient had small tumor less than 1 cm. In the assessment of axillary lymph node status, sensitivity and specificity were 73% (8/11) and 100% (7/7) respectively. We found distant metastasis that were not suspected before F-18-FDG PET in 2 patients. Conclusion: F-18-FDG PET shows good diagnostic performance in differentiation of breast mass and staging of breast cancer.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.395-399
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• 2001

Primary spinal epidural lymphoma(SEL), i.e. occurring in the absence of any detectable extraspinal lymphoproliferative disorder, is an unusual cause of spinal cord compression. The authors report a 48-year-old, diabetic woman presented with back pain followed by acute paraparesis and voiding difficulty. She had been treated with acupunctures on her back before admission, and complete blood count showed leukocytosis with neutrophilia and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR). Thoracic spine magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) revealed an epidural mass extending from T5 to T8 with compression of the spinal cord. Emergency decompressive laminectomy was performed with a tentative diagnosis of spinal epidural abscess, but a B-cell lymphoma was final pathologic diagnosis. Further staging showed no other sites of lymphoma, and the spinal lesion was treated by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The authors stress that primary SEL can mimic spinal epidural abscess(SEA) in the diabetic patient and should be a diagnostic consideration in patients with a syndrome of acute spinal cord compression manifested by a prodrome of back pain and neuroimaging consistent with an epidural compressive lesion, especially in a diabetic.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.46-50
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and its tear pattern in comparison with arthroscopic finding. Materials and Methods: Sixty consecutive patients with acute ACL injury were taken NRI followed by arthroscopic examination between January 2002 and June 2004. MRI findings were reviewed according to the presence of ACL discontinuity, diffuse swelling or thickening, focal edema, collapse on distal end, and any combined tear. The pathologic findings were then confirmed arthroscopically. The diagnostic accuracy of MRI on ACL tear pattern was analyzed by obtaining its positive predictive value. Results: All fifty two cases with presence of discontinuity on MRI showed ACL rupture arthroscopically. The location of ACL tear, diffuse swelling and focal edema on MRI also corresponded with arthroscopic findings respectively. However, the diagnostic accuracy of MRI was relatively lower in the presence of other ACL patterns such as collapses and combined tear. Conclusion: Preoperative MRI findings seem to be in accordance with arthroscopic findings and is significantly accurate in detection of location and diffuse swelling and focal edema of ACL tear.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.128-135
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• 2007

This study was designed to investigate the correlation between the expression rate of p53 and p21 proteins by immunohistochemical staining and tumor prognostic factors including the tumor size, histological differentiation and Dukes' stage of tumor prognostic factors in colon cancer, and to acquire necessary data for the presumption of diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of colon cancer patients. From January 2000 to January 2003 at Hanyang University Guri Hospital, the paraffin blocks of 35 patients diagnosed with colon cancer whose pathologic reports were possible to review were selected. Harris hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemical staining by ABC (Avidin Biotin Conjugate) method were performed. The histological differentiation grade and stage were classified according to the classification of the World Health Organization (WHO) and modified Dukes's stage from H&E staining. The expression rate of p53 and p21 proteins were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining. The results was analyzed statistically by SPSS (Windows version 8.0). As a result, the expression rate of p53 protein was 11.4% (4 cases) in clear differentiation, 48.6% (17 cases) in moderate differentiation, and 17.1% (6 cases) in poor differentiation. In other words, the poorer the differentiation, the higher the expression rate of p53 protein (p<0.05). The expression rate of p21 was 17.1% (6 cases) in clear differentiation, 40.0%(14 cases) in moderate differentiation, and 8.6% (3 cases) in poor differentiation, According to the progression of histological malignant degeneration, the expression rate of p21 protein decreased distinctively (p<0.05). However, the correlation between the two above mentioned proteins and the tumor-size and Dukes' stage was not of statistical significance. In the comparison of the expression rate of p53 protein with that of p21 protein, in 10 cases, p53 protein expression was positive while p21 protein expression was negative, and in 6 cases, p53 protein expression was negative whereas p21 protein expression was positive. Consequently a statistically significant inverse correlation between the expression rate of p53 protein and that of p21 protein was observed (p<0.05). In conclusion, we found a significant correlation between histological differentiation and the expression rate of p53 and p21 proteins (p<0.05), and a significant inverse correlation between the expression rate of p53 protein and that of p21 protein (p<0.05). Also, it could be confirmed that the over expression of p53 and p21 proteins is closely associated with the occurrence of colon cancer and its progress. Therefore, it is thought that this study may be greatly beneficial to the presumption of diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of colon cancer patients.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.138-141
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• 2012

Rituximab, a chimeric anti-CD20 IgG1 monoclonal antibody, has been used as a rescue therapy for steroid-dependent or refractory nephrotic syndrome. However, the adverse effects of rituximab are yet to be investigated. We report a case of a 9-year-old boy with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome who developed Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease after several cycles of rituximab therapy. Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease is a benign, self-limited necrotizing histiocytic lymphadenitis of unknown etiology. In the present case, Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease developed when the peripheral blood B-cell count of the patient was at nadir, and the lesion regressed slowly but spontaneously after recovery of the B-cell count. To our knowledge, although the pathologic diagnosis of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease was unavailable, this is the first report of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease with clinical diagnosis as a possible adverse effect of rituximab.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.40 no.8
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• pp.574-577
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• 2007

Primary malignant neoplasm of the pericardium is very rare, Neoplastic involvement of the pericardium may result in rapidly developing hemorrhagic effusion. A 30-year-old male who occasionally suffered from chest tightness was referred to our hospital under the diagnosis of unstable angina. He presented with acute chest pain and severe dyspnea that had developed one day previously. The diagnostic investigations such as echocardiography, chest CT and magnetic resonance image suggested cardiac tamponade that was caused by rupture of the pericardial teratoma. An operation to remove the tumor and effusion was performed. The pericardial mass was completely excised, and the result of the frozen biopsy favored malignancy. The final pathologic report was malignant fibrosarcoma of the pericardium and no malignant cells were found on the cytology of the pericardial effusion. The patient had a smooth postoperative course and was referred to another hospital for additional radiation therapy. We report here on this case of cardiac tamponade that was caused by primary pericardial fibrosarcoma, and this required urgent diagnosis and surgical management.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.442-448
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• 1993

Foreign body aspiration, although not an uncommon problem in children, is unusual in adults and is overlooked as a cause of airway obstruction. Small foreign bodies that lodge in the peripheral airway are often asymptomatic initially and can result in respiratory symptoms several years later. Especially in the cases of otherwise healthy subjects, even though manifested overt respiratory symptoms, diagnosis can be delayed due to lack of history of aspiration or unnoticed aspiration. A 57-year-old male was admitted to Yonsei University College of Medicine Severance hospital due to left upper chest pain for five months. on the past history he had been diagnosed as bronchiectasis about 20 years ago. He showed radiologically bead-like bronchostenosis and a calcific density protruding into the lumen of left upper lobar bronchus. Bronchoscopically broncholith was revealed with the finding of endobronchial obstruction of each upper and lingular division of left upper lobar bronchus due to mucoid impaction and surrounding inflammed bronchial mucosa. The preoperative diagnosis was broncholithiasis due to chronic inflammatory process. Lung perfusion scan shows absence of perfusion in left upper lobe. So left upper lobectomy was performed. But from the pathologic specimen an incisor tooth was emerged. Later a history of tooth extraction thirty years ago at dental clinic was found. We report a case of bronchial obstruction due to occult aspiration of a tooth with a review of the literatures.