• Human Ecology Research
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.257-271
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• 2022

The aim of this study was to explore the types of helicopter parenting among college students, and to examine how the identified types of helicopter parenting are associated with intimacy goals in dating. In order to investigate these purposes, 202 college students were recruited and analyzed. With the use of Mplus 7.4, a latent profile analysis identified latent profiles of helicopter parenting. Additionally, multivariate regression analysis was conducted in order to analyze the links between the types of helicopter parenting and intimacy goals in dating by using SPSS 26.0. The main findings of the study were as follows. Firstly, three helicopter parenting classes were identified: 1) strong decision-making, 2) strong helicopter parenting, 3) weak helicopter parenting. Secondly, college students in the strong helicopter parenting class reported significantly higher levels of intimacy goals in dating than those in the strong decision-making class. On the other hand, no significant connection was identified between the type of 'weak helicopter parenting' and the levels of intimacy goals in dating, referencing the type of 'strong helicopter parenting.' These results indicate that helicopter parenting has a certain number of types in nature, and the control-based parental behavior could have an impact on college students' intimacy goals in dating.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.42
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• pp.26.1-26.6
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• 2020

Background: Orofacial clefts (OFCs) comprise a wide range of malformations, including cleft lip, cleft palate, and cleft lip with cleft palate, which can vary in terms of etiology, severity, and disease burden. Objective(s): This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between various risk factors and orofacial cleft disorder spectrum in newborns. Study design: A total of 323 cases and 400 controls were enrolled in this study and evaluated in terms of the maternal history of abortion or miscarriage, child's sex, maternal and paternal age, maternal history of systemic disease, history of medication therapy during pregnancy, birth order, consanguineous marriage, and complications during pregnancy. Results: Analysis of the results suggested that consanguineous marriage, a maternal history of abortion/miscarriage, and complications during pregnancy could potentially increase the risk of OFCs in children (P < 0.05). However, the analyses revealed that the other variables could not potentially increase the risk of OFCs (P > 0.05). Conclusion(s): Multiple cofactors may simultaneously contribute to the formation of such abnormalities; therefore, a comprehensive, multidisciplinary care program is necessary to ensure a successful pregnancy period and the birth of a healthy newborn.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.141-154
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• 2023

This research was conducted in order to examine previous studies on paternal parenting methods involving adolescent children in terms of their academic field, research period, method and subjects, and family variables. A total of 104 research publications from the period between 2003 and 2022 were investigated, with 99 quantitative research (43 theses and 56 academic journals) and five qualitative data sources. The analysis results show that the topic of fathers with adolescent children was the most studied in the field of education, and it rapidly increased from 2011 to 2014 and then rapidly decreased from 2019. The main subject of the studies was middle-school students, while most of the studies adopted a quantitative approach, with a minimal number of qualitative studies. Parenting studies were concentrated on father variables and several such studies were found to be related to positive resources such as self-esteem and self-efficacy as variables of adolescent children related to fathers' parenting. The results of these studies provide meaningful implications for future research on the fathers of adolescent children and can be used as basic data for developing detailed education and programs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.37-37
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• 2003

Intraspecific hybrids have been proven to be a useful tool for increase growth rate in some freshwater fish species. However the effects of intraspecific hybrids in seawater fish species is little known. To assess whether intraspecific hybrids in red sea bream was associated with growth enhancement, growth performances of offspring from two inbred lines, selected Korean line (KORDI-F4) and cultured Japanese line (IPN) and two intraspecific hybrids lines (KORDI-F4♀×JPN♂ and JPN♀×KORDI-F4♂) of red sea bream were compared. There's no significant difference in body weight between offspring groups during seed production period (until 4 months old). At seven months old (after three months rearing trials on sea cages communally), the offspring from KORDI-F4 (41.0±11.1g) and JPN♀×KORDI-F4♂ (39.3±8.1g) showed significantly better performance in body weight than that of the offspring from KORDI-F4♀×JPN♂ (37.0±8.1g) and IPN (35.7±9.7g). At 15 months old, the offspring from JPN♀×KORDI-F4♂ showed best growth performances in body weight, weight gain, specific growth rate among four offspring groups. As the results, the intraspecific hybrids between cultured Japanese line and selected Korean line showed superior growth performances than their paternal and maternal inbred lines.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.183-190
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• 2013

Objectives : 'Taegyo,' prenatal education, is steeped into Korean culture. Although there has been a traditional focus on providing education and care for the fetus in Korea, there is a lack of medical evidence for its effectiveness. Methods : The authors assessed the scientific basis for 'Taegyo' by reviewing the evidences. Results : 'Taegyo' in Korea began with the spread of Buddhist culture from China, and transmitted by word-of-mouth. The first 'Taegyo' book, the Tae-gyo-shin-gi, was published on 1803. Modern prenatal education is very diverse. However, only a few studies on its effect have been conducted. Development of medicine, especially obstetrics, fetology, pediatrics, psychiatry, and etc., has learned that many factors, including bad environmental conditions and maternal stress, influenced against the fetus and mother. As for the paternal side, occupation, smoking, and stress were also revealed to have consequences for the development of the fetus. On the contrary, adequate maternal nutrition, exercise, and music stimulation positively impact the fetal development and healthy birth. Conclusion : Traditional contents of 'Taegyo' were proved to have effectiveness from evidence-based medicine and animal experiments. We need further studies to explore the impact of prenatal education for the fetal development and maternal health.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.41-44
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• 2007

The callipyge mutation in sheep is a polar overdominant mutation that results in post-natal muscle hypertrophy in the loin and hindquarters of paternal heterozygotes (+/CLPG). Sheep that are homozygous for the callipyge allele (CLPG/CLPG) do not express the muscle hypertrophy phenotype, but serve as carriers for the mutation. Callipyge sheep are characterized by improved feed efficiencies and leaner carcasses. Leptin is a protein hormone secreted from adipose tissue and has been found to affect appetite and serve as an indicator of body fat mass. To date, very little knowledge is available as to the effect of the callipyge mutation on circulating leptin levels. Due to the interaction of leptin with feed intake and energy availability, and the fact that the majority of fetal growth occurs in late gestation, it is important to understand if the callipyge mutation interacts with leptin production in late gestational ewes. Therefore, our objective was to characterize serum concentrations of leptin in late gestational callipyge ewes vs. non-callipyge ewes. We evaluated genetically verified callipyge (n=6), homozygous (n=8) and normal (n=8) ewes weekly during the last eight wks of gestation through one wk post-partum. Weights were taken and body condition scores were assigned by trained personnel weekly. Blood was collected via jugular venipuncture on each sampling date and subjected to an ovine-specific leptin RIA. Genotype influences on peripheral concentrations of leptin were found to be highly significant (p=0.0005). Total leptin means for +/CLPG were 5.41${\pm}$0.40 ng/ml, CLPG/CLPG 8.11${\pm}$0.70 ng/ml, and +/+ 9.13${\pm}$0.93 ng/ml. Sampling date was also significant (p=0.0098) with all ewes showing a decrease in leptin levels throughout gestation and parturition. Using repeated measures, we were able to detect lower levels of plasma leptin in callipyge ewes, which may be indicative of their lower overall body fat content. These results indicate that the callipyge phenotype decreases the levels of adipose tissue and leptin production in gestating ewes.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1525-1528
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to detect SNPs that were responsible for a carcass trait in Hanwoo populations. A non-parametric model applying a restricted partition method (RPM) was used, which exploited a partitioning algorithm considering statistical criteria for multiple comparison testing. Phenotypic and genotypic data were obtained from the Hanwoo Improvement Center, National Agricultural Cooperation Federation, Korea, in which the pedigree structure comprised 229 steers from 16 paternal half-sib proven sires that were born in Namwon or Daegwanryong livestock testing station between spring of 2002 and fall of 2003. A carcass trait, longissimus dorsi muscle area for each steer was measured after slaughter at approximately 722 days. Three SNPs (19_1, 18_4 and 28_2) near the microsatellite marker ILSTS035 on BTA6, around which the quantitative trait loci (QTL) for meat quality were previously detected, were used in this study. The RPM analyses resulted in two significant interaction effects between SNPs (19_1 and 18_4) and (19_1 and 28_2) at ${\alpha}$ = 0.05 level. However, under a general linear (parametric) model no interaction effect between any pair of the three SNPs was detected, while only one main effect for SNP19_1 was found for the trait. Also, under another non-parametric model using a multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) method, only one interaction effect of the two SNPs (19_1 and 28_2) explained the trait significantly better than the parametric model with the main effect of SNP19_1. Our results suggest that RPM is a good alternative to model choices that can find associations of the interaction effects of multiple SNPs for quantitative traits in livestock species.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.186-193
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• 2017

Purpose: Obesity is one of the most common health problems among children and its prevalence has increased in recent decades. Socioeconomic status (SES) is a well-known risk factor for childhood obesity although the associations were different across countries. Previous studies in other countries have reported a positive association between childhood obesity and SES in developing countries, and inverse correlation has been reported in developed countries. For this reason, we wanted to investigate the relationship between SES and obesity in Korean children. Methods: Data were acquired 3,095 boys and girls who participated in the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which was conducted from 2010 to 2012. Body mass index was calculated from measured anthropometric data using the 2007 Korean National Growth Charts. Results: Upon univariate analysis, we did not find any statistically significant differences in the parental employment status, monthly family income between children with and without obesity. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed childhood obesity was positively associated with maternal overweight (OR, 1.889; 95% CI, 1.079-3.309), maternal obesity (OR, 3.409; 95% CI, 2.228-5.215) and paternal obesity (OR, 2.135; 95% CI, 1.257-3.627). Conclusion: The present study showed that socioeconomic status might not an important risk factor for obesity in Korean children. These results warrant further studies to clarify the association between SES and obesity in Korean children.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.4566-4575
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• 2015

This study aimed to develop a model to explain the factors influencing father's parenting stress, and to verify the appropriateness of the model. The participants included 1609 fathers with a 5-year old. The study used 2012 Panel Study of Korean Children (PSKC) by the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education (KICCE), and analyzed with SPSS and AMOS programs. The analysis showed that first, father's income and parental efficacy were negatively related with parenting stress and father's depression and marital conflict were positively related with parenting stress. Second, father's parenting stress was directly and indirectly impacted by parental efficacy and their child's temperament. These results suggest that father education are needed for promoting positive paternal mental health and parental efficacy, to reduce parenting stress of fathers.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.566-573
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• 2017

The study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance, viability, and uniformity of female crossbred Korean native chickens (KNC) for the first twelve weeks after hatching. Six crossbreed lines of chickens (1B, 2B, 3B, 4B, 5B, and 6B) bred from 1 paternal line and 6 maternal lines of KNC were compared in this study. Sixty newly hatched 1-day old chicks from each crossbreed, for a total of 360 chickens, were allocated into 6 replicates (10 birds per replicate) in a complete randomized design. Experimental diets used in this study consisted of 3 phases: 1) week 0 to 5, crude protein 20.3% and metabolizable energy 3,059 kcal/kg; 2) week 5 to 8, crude protein 18.6% and metabolizable energy 3,123 kcal/kg; and 3) week 8 to 12, crude protein 16.7% and metabolizable energy 3,187 kcal/kg. Body weight and feed intake were measured bi-weekly during the experiment. The 4B crossbreed had a higher body weight, average daily gain, and average daily feed intake on week 12 (p < 0.05) than the other groups. The 4B crossbreed had a lower (p < 0.05) uniformity during weeks 10 to 12 than crossbreeds 1B and 5B. However, a lower viability was observed (p > 0.05) in 4B in weeks 2 to 12 than those in the other groups. Results of the current study indicate that the 4B crossbreed had a higher growth performance in week 12 but had a lower viability for weeks 2 to 12 than the other crossbreeds.