• 환경영향평가
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.363-372
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• 2007

This study is to survey facilities installed at urban parks and identify park facilities desired by users through a questionnaire survey of users who actually use the parks. Then, the outcome will be compared and evaluated to install urban park facilities that reflect the desires of users in the future. Findings showed that park facilities currently installed are mostly those easy to install and manage among facilities suggested in relevant laws. Regardless of park types and sizes, similar facilities were installed across parks. A questionnaire survey of users showed that they wanted facilities to rest, sports facilities, waterscape facilities and facilities to accompany families. The result also showed that they wanted green area-style parks that have a lot of trees. Therefore, going forward, facilities reflecting such desires of users should be installed at parks as much as possible. When developing a park creation plan for each city, it would be critical to survey the opinions of residents in relevant areas in advance and reflect it to the creation plan.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.78-90
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 포용적 도시계획과 재생을 위한 공원녹지 정책의 개발 방향을 모색하는 데 있다. 국내 도시공원의 조성 현황 예산 법률 제도를 검토하고, 도시공원의 포용성 수준을 조사하여 다음과 같은 문제점과 한계를 드러냈다. 첫째, 1인당 공원 면적과 녹지율과 같은 공급자 중심의 지표를 지니는 도시공원 제도는 양적 확충에 초점이 맞춰져 있다. 둘째, 도시공원의 분포는 불균등하고, 공원녹지의 질적 수준은 취약계층 거주지일수록 낮다. 다음으로 영국 중앙정부와 런던, 에든버러, 카디프, 벨파스트, 리버풀 등 다섯 개 지방정부를 중심으로 사회경제적 불평등 완화와 포용성 확대를 위한 공원녹지 정책의 수립 배경과 내용을 분석하여 다음과 같은 특징을 밝혔다. 사회경제적 불평등 해소와 포용적 사회 건설의 필요성에 대한 정부의 인식, 물리적 재개발에서 사회경제적 재생으로 도시재생정책 방향의 변화, 공원녹지와 불평등 건강 웰빙의 상호관계에 대한 조사와 연구가 정책 수립의 배경으로 작용하였다. 그 결과, 영국 국토계획의 목표에 포용적 사회 만들기가 반영되었으며, 여러 지방정부의 공원녹지 정책에 박탈 지역과 취약계층을 중심으로 한 공원녹지 공급과 질적 개선 전략이 포함되었다. 또한 공원 결핍 분석 도구와 공원의 질적 평가 방법이 개발되었다. 이와 함께 각 사업의 지속가능성을 위해 별도의 기금 마련과 매칭 펀드 활용과 같은 다양한 재원 프로그램, 그리고 정부 조직 간 협업 기구 설립과 민간 조직의 적극적인 참여와 활성화와 같은 파트너십 구축 방안이 마련되었다. 이를 바탕으로 본 연구는 공원녹지의 불평등과 포용성에 대한 조사와 연구 수행, 공원서비스의 질적 수준 향상전략 개발, 정책 필요 지역 분석도구 개발, 도시재생을 위한 공원사업 유형 개발, 다양한 파트너십 구축과 지원제도 마련 등, 다섯 가지 정책 방향을 제시하였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2012

The objective of this study is to analyze the distribution of urban parks and its problems in a city in Gyeonggi-do where new towns and old towns are mixed. The study will also analyze and understand the unbalanced deployment of urban parks - rest areas and carbon absorbers of an entire city - between old towns and new towns, suggest improvement opportunities and examine and suggest plans to create and expand urban parks in old cities that lack urban parks. Findings showed that first, new towns were 1.2~1.6 higher than old towns in the number of parks, park area, and per capita park area, indicating that parks were unbalanced across towns. Second, as for a plan for improving the unbalanced deployment of urban parks, when the use area needs to be changed in an urban development project, it was suggested to donate 10% of the project site to the city to create it into a park and it was suggested to identify and proactively improve alternative park resources that can replace parks such as rivers and recreational sites. Third, regarding a plan for improving urban parks in old towns, it was suggested to secure urban parks by attracting various urban development projects to old town areas. The amendment of related laws was proposed to double required park area to $6m^2$ per household. Amendments were also suggested for one law and four guidelines to specifically define the location of urban parks as well.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.45-55
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• 2020

환경정의의 관점에서 도시공원은 시민들에게 신체활동 기회를 제공하는 중요한 어메니티 역할을 한다. 공정한 도시공원의 분배기준은 커뮤니티의 수요, 배경을 고려해 최대의 혜택을 나누는 것이다. 이에 본 연구는 사회경제적 지위에 따른 대구시 도시공원의 질적 공급 불균형을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 공원의 질적 수준 평가는 대구시 내 82개 근린생활권 및 도보권 근린공원을 대상으로 NGST(Neighborhood Green Space Tool)를 통해 진행하였다. 사회경제적 지위 변수(기초생활 수급자 비율, 한부모 가족 비율, 평균 주택매매가, 노후주택비율, 인구 당 공원 면적)는 그 형평성을 분석하였다. 조사를 통한 대구시 내 도시공원의 질적 형평성 특징은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 대구시 내 공원계획은 지자체 정책보다 주거단지와 병행해서 진행된다. 중심에서 외연부로 뻗어나가는 외곽주택지구 개발은 대구시 내 주민들의 사회 경제적 지위를 양분화 하였다. 구도심에 있는 행정동은 상대적으로 오래되고 제대로 관리 받지 못한 공원들이 많았다. 둘째, 대구시 내 근린공원은 전반적으로 레크레이션 시설 부족 문제를 겪고 있었으며, 이는 공원을 둘러싼 주거의 가치에 영향을 받았다. 레크레이션 시설 점수가 낮을수록 공원의 지형구배가 높았고 신체활동의 제약을 받았다. 셋째, 대구시 공원의 양적 공급은 공원의 질적 가치와 관련이 없었다. 일인당 공원면적은 충분했으나, 시민들이 생활권 내에서 실질적으로 사용하는 도시공원은 매우 적었기 때문에 질적 형평성을 나누는 기준이 될 수 없었다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2015

In this research, the connectivity status between natural environment (forests and rivers) and urban parks in view of ecological networks in a city is evaluated and on the basis of these evaluation results, a future connectivity enhancing recommendations are suggested. As a result, the 96.8% of the connectivity role of the neighborhood parks were core or connected parks and as in terms of the ecological pattern on the outer park, 84.1% of the case neighborhood parks were connected to the ecological element at least one side. Therefore, it can be expected to play a role as corridor that enables the direct connection with the natural environment if the connection plan is well established. As a result of connectivity evaluation of the parks, inside of the parks had low ecological element overall and had low connectivity, outside of the parks had 1.5 times more of low connectivity parks than high connectivity parks, and had similar disconnections such as facilities(fence, soundproof walls, breast walls, etc.), developments(roads, apartment complexes, industrial complexes, etc.), or poor greens regardless of the neighborhood with the ecological elements. To increase the connectivity of ecological network, the cities already built shall secure primarily green territory where can connect with the isolated park due to the surrounding with the developing areas and when planning for new cities or residential complexes, it shall establish a connection plan with the nearby at the beginning.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.107-117
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• 2012

We estimated the potential area roof greening in Gyeonggi-do that will mitigate the heat island effect. The estimation was based on building age, roof shape, and building use which were recorded in the building register from "Sewoomteo, the Building Administration System in the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs. The estimated potential roof greening area in Gyeonggi-do was approximately $102.5km^2$ assuming that the buildings for residence, public, education(school), office, shopping mall are appropriate for roof greening. The area occupied by apartment buildings over six-story was 76.3% of the potential roof greening area 10.2% for individual houses, 5.9% for under five-story apartment buildings, and 3.7% for school buildings. The result indicated that it is residential buildings that we need to pay attention for roof greening, especially high-rise buildings over six-story. Greening of the whole estimated area, $102.5km^2$, in Gyeonggi-do will result in the increase of green space per capita by $8.74m^2$. This is 1.65 times greater than the area of current urban parks, and 1.97 times greater than the total area of neighborhood parks, children's parks, and pocket parks. Greening of the estimated roof area will increase green coverage of urban area by twice, adding to current green coverage of the urban areas, 11.3%, in 10 major cities. In particular, the effect of roof greening would be remarkable in inceasing the green space of Anyang City, Gwangmyeong City, and Guri City where neighborhood park area falls short.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.579-592
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• 2022

Much controversy has been generated over whether the ecological restoration project in Korea is faithful to the basic approach of ecological restoration compared to projects aimed at creating parks or green spaces. This study was aimed at understanding the level of awareness of practitioners in the planting design method, which is recognized as relatively important in landscape architecture and ecological restoration. The proficiency of practitioners in planting design techniques for ecological restoration projects was investigated and analyzed in seven areas: overall planting design awareness, plant species selection method, planting tree sizes, planting density, use of native species, vegetation climatic zone, soil environment, and weed control. There was no statistically significant difference between the group who thought they were experts in the field of ecological restoration and the group who thought they were experts in the field of parks and green spaces. Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference between the degree of work performance, that is, the group whose main industry was ecological restoration, the group that performed relatively more ecological restoration work, and the group that rarely performed it. Therefore, to apply desirable ecological restoration techniques in the future and to clearly differentiate between the approach in the field of parks and green spaces, the appropriate tree size or planting density selected in the ecological restoration planting design stage must be chosen. To this end, the awareness of expert groups must be improved and related laws, systems, and guidelines must be revised.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2011

본 연구는 강릉시의 저탄소 녹색도시 실현을 위한 방안으로 탄소흡수원으로서의 도시공원을 확충하기 위해 그 방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 연구방법은 공원유치권과 동별 공원면적을 분석지표로 설정하여 각 지표에 대한 공원부족구역을 분류하고, 분류된 공원부족구역을 상호 중첩시켜 공원부족정도를 등급분류하였다. 이에 따라 우선적으로 공원 확충이 필요한 구역을 우선순위 평가를 통하여 설정한 후 실제 조성 가능한 대상지를 선정하였다. 먼저 공원유치권과 동별 공원면적에 대한 공원부족구역을 분석한 결과, 주로 오래된 주거 밀집지역이거나 공업지역에 해당되어 공원조성이 되지 않은 대상지 동쪽지역의 송정동과 성덕동이 공원부족정도가 가장 심각한 지역으로 나타났고, 인구밀도가 높으면서 공원이 부족한 지역은 포남동, 옥천동, 홍제동 일대로 나타났다. 이에 따라 공원부족구역이 넓게 차지하고 있는 대상지의 동쪽지역과 홍제동은 공원 확충이 우선적으로 고려되어야 할 지역이며, 이 지역에서 실제 조성가능한 대상지는 학교숲 공원화, 시설이전지 공원화, 법적 검토를 통한 공업지역의 신규 소공원 조성 등의 유형으로 분류하여 선정하였다. 또한 공원 확보에 따른 공원부족구역 분석지표에 대한 재평가를 한 결과, 공원유치권에 대하여 공원의적절한 위치 선정으로 공원부족구역이 해결된 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 1인당 공원면적 $3m^2$에 대한 충족여부도 송정동을 제외한 나머지 동들은 모두 확보기준 이상으로 나타나 공원이 균등하게 분배되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나 송정동과 성덕동의 일부 공원부족구역이 나타났는데, 이는 인접해 있는 경포도립공원, 해변, 남대천 등을 대체 공원자원으로 활용한다면 해결될 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2004

Recently, park usage for environmental education has gained popularity in Seoul. Therefore this study was performed by analyzing the status and problems of nature classrooms in neighborhood parks and citizen's parks that are located in residential areas in Seoul, and then by suggesting improved methods and user programs. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1) 18 out of 281 neighborhood parks and citizen's parks have nature classrooms in Seoul. Facilities of nature classroom are comprised of direction signs, plant name card, pond, pavilion, pergola, bench, green house, waste baskets, lighting, drinking fountain and others. However, they have many problems in terms of quality. Nature classrooms were classified into three types according to their location in each park. Among the three types, the most popular type was the one that is a part of a park A Total of 479 species of plant (155 species in tree, 324 species in herb) were planted in nature classrooms. There are many kinds of environmental education user programs, but these are not connected with the nature classrooms. Most nature education programs in nature classrooms were self-guided. 2) The Problems that appeared were the featureless place composition, a lack of programs related to nature classrooms, access restriction to certain natured areas, and so on. 3) Finally, this study suggests some solutions to the problems of nature classrooms in urban parks. The solutions include full access to the parks, the creation of diverse theme, and setting up interesting panel and leaflets in order to encourage more active self-guided education.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.88-94
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• 2016

Vehicular traffic on turf results in loss of green cover due to direct tearing of shoots and indirect long-term soil compaction. Protection of turfgrass crowns from wear could increase the ability of turf to recover from heavy traffic. Plastic turfpavers have been installed in trafficked areas to reduce soil compaction and to protect turfgrass crowns from wear. The objectives of this study were to evaluate traffic performance of turfgrasses (Zoysia matrella and Axonopus compressus) and soil mixture (high, medium and low sand mix) combinations on turf-paver complex. The traffic performance of turf and recovery was evaluated based on percent green cover determined by digital image analysis and spectral reflectance responses by NDVI-meter. Bulk density cores indicated significant increase in soil compaction from medium and low sand mixtures compared to high sand mixture. Higher reduction of percent green cover was observed from A. compressus (30-40%) than Z. matrella (10-20%) across soil mixtures. Both turf species displayed higher wear tolerance when established on higher sand (>50% sand) than low sand mixture. Positive turf recovery was also supported by complementary spectral responses. Establishment of Zoysia matrella turf on turfpaver complex using high sand mixture will result in improved wear tolerance.