Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회지)

The Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회)
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Qualitative Equity of Neighborhood Parks in Daegu According to Socioeconomic Status

사회경제적 지위에 따른 대구시 근린공원 질적 가치 형평성

  • Jung, Mijeong (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Jung, Taeyeol (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Kyungpook National University)
  • 정미정 (경북대학교 대학원 조경학과) ;
  • 정태열 (경북대학교 조경학과)
  • Received : 2020.03.20
  • Accepted : 2020.04.28
  • Published : 2020.04.30
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Abstract

In terms of environmental justice, urban parks play a pivotal role in imperative amenities allowing for physical activity. The reasonable distribution of urban park services must be considered in terms of community demand and the context of the park. The purpose of this study is to analyze the inequity of qualitative park service according to the socioeconomic status(SES) in Daegu. The qualitative service was assessed for 82 neighborhood and walking-distance parks by utilizing the NGST(Neighborhood Green Space Tool). The inequity was analyzed by SES variables(ratio of basic living recipients, ratio of single-parent families, average housing sales, dilapidated dwelling ratio, and park area per capita). The features of the qualitative equity in Daegu is as follows. First, urban park planning in Daegu is in parallel with the development of residential areas rather than the local policy. The development pattern of parks stretching from center of the city to outskirts clearly dissociates the city based on socioeconomic status. The parks in the center are relatively old and poorly managed. Second, overall neighborhood parks lacked recreational facilities. The facilities are significantly influenced by the housing values around them. The lower the recreation facility score, the higher the floor gradient of the urban parks constraining physical activities. Third, the quantitative supply of parks has nothing to do with the quality of the urban parks. Green space distribution is highly dependent on natural park areas, so the park area per capita cannot be a standard for assessing qualitative equity.

환경정의의 관점에서 도시공원은 시민들에게 신체활동 기회를 제공하는 중요한 어메니티 역할을 한다. 공정한 도시공원의 분배기준은 커뮤니티의 수요, 배경을 고려해 최대의 혜택을 나누는 것이다. 이에 본 연구는 사회경제적 지위에 따른 대구시 도시공원의 질적 공급 불균형을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 공원의 질적 수준 평가는 대구시 내 82개 근린생활권 및 도보권 근린공원을 대상으로 NGST(Neighborhood Green Space Tool)를 통해 진행하였다. 사회경제적 지위 변수(기초생활 수급자 비율, 한부모 가족 비율, 평균 주택매매가, 노후주택비율, 인구 당 공원 면적)는 그 형평성을 분석하였다. 조사를 통한 대구시 내 도시공원의 질적 형평성 특징은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 대구시 내 공원계획은 지자체 정책보다 주거단지와 병행해서 진행된다. 중심에서 외연부로 뻗어나가는 외곽주택지구 개발은 대구시 내 주민들의 사회 경제적 지위를 양분화 하였다. 구도심에 있는 행정동은 상대적으로 오래되고 제대로 관리 받지 못한 공원들이 많았다. 둘째, 대구시 내 근린공원은 전반적으로 레크레이션 시설 부족 문제를 겪고 있었으며, 이는 공원을 둘러싼 주거의 가치에 영향을 받았다. 레크레이션 시설 점수가 낮을수록 공원의 지형구배가 높았고 신체활동의 제약을 받았다. 셋째, 대구시 공원의 양적 공급은 공원의 질적 가치와 관련이 없었다. 일인당 공원면적은 충분했으나, 시민들이 생활권 내에서 실질적으로 사용하는 도시공원은 매우 적었기 때문에 질적 형평성을 나누는 기준이 될 수 없었다.

Keywords

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