• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.426-439
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the awareness and practice on well-being life and well-being related behaviors, and the various factors affecting well-being related behaviors such as purchasing food materials, food habits, eating out and daily routine activities. A survey was conducted by questionnaire and on a 5-point Likert scale. The subjects of this study were composed of 221 students and their 102 parents who were over 40 years residing in the Ulsan area. The results of this study are summarized as follows: Almost half of the subjects (47.4%) responded that they have good health conditions; to keep a good health condition, 41.2% of the subjects were exercising regularly and 20.4% of them kept diet control. In regard to the meaning of well-being, 66.6% of the subjects thought it is the lifestyle for physical and mental richness (children: 70.6%, parents: 57.8%). 30.3% of the subjects answered that the most important part of well-being was food related. The importance order was mental richness, food related things, physical health for children, and for the parents, it was food related things, physical health, mental richness. Most of population (45.8%) answered that they have a willingness for the pursuit of a well-being life. Among the well-being related behaviors, 69.7% of subjects have purchased items (children: 61.5%, parents: 87.3%). 37.2% of the subjects have acquired information from TV. The average well-being practice score was $61.01{\pm}10.36$. Children's scores were significantly lower than the parent's scores (p < 0.001). And the average practice score of 'purchasing food materials,' 'eating out,' 'food habits,' 'daily routine activities' were $15.3{\pm}3.3,\;15.5{\pm}3.1,\;16.8{\pm}3.3$ and $13.4{\pm}3.5$, respectively. Among five types of purchasing food materials, 'purchasing domestic agricultural food' was greatest ($3.64{\pm}0.91$) and 'purchasing of organic or low agricultural chemical food products' was lowest ($3.15{\pm}0.91$). In regard to food habits, 'eating rice and bread made of mixed grains' was greatest ($3.46{\pm}1.12$) and 'eating uncooked food or zen food' was lowest ($2.46{\pm}0.99$). The practice scores were significantly affected by gender (p < 0.05), monthly income (p < 0.01), educational level (p < 0.01), presence of disease (p < 0.05), subjective health condition (p < 0.05), well-being awareness (p < 0.001) and concern with well-being (p < 0.001). Well-being awareness scores and well-being practice scores are related positively. Therefore various programs in well-being education should be necessary in order to boost the authentic perceptions of well-being and well-being oriented behaviors in any socioeconomic situation, such as different generations; industrial companies producing well-being goods for consumer's needs and satisfaction; and government and local community create various conditions for well-being oriented behavior.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.103-112
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• 2009

The purpose of this research was to find out the housing history of Sakhalin returnees in Ansan Gohyangmaeul since leaving hometown under the Japanese ruling period, who experienced two international migration for one's life. Face to face interview had been done with 20 returnees in the community center of Ansan Gohyangmaeul during October to December, 2008. The semi-structured questionnaire about housing the respondents lived in major life changes used to guide the individual interview. The results showed that personal life as well as housing histories were differed by the reason to move into Sakhalin, which still influenced the returnee' life up to now. The housing they had lived changed from barracks like a training camp, to Japanese small wooden cottage/row house, and then Russian brick house/ apartment. Housing alteration and addition and rebuilding were common to renew the old existing house. The boundary of residing area was mostly limited to the first residing location under soviet governing system throughout one's life without a long distance move. Housing satisfaction was very high in Gohyangmaeul because of the improvement of housing facilities and residence itself as well as the convenience of housing management, compared to former residence in Sakhalin. Economic and emotional aspects of life satisfaction were also high during about 8 years of living in the apartment. Forced movers still require the compensation on hand to either Korean or Japanese government no matter the amount. Social integration to the Korean community would be one of the main issues to new returnees as well as the already returned. In-depth interviews of case study need to reveal the unique housing experience of the forced mover according to the type of leaving hometown by oneself or by parents, and to returned region and time to motherland.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.263-272
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• 2006

Purpose: Smoking has more injurious impacts on teenagers compare to adults in that they are in the growing stage with incomplete cells, tissues, and organs. Usually smoking among adolescent group is closely related to illegal drug uses. Also, smoking in the youth drives them to ill health in adulthood, so that they will pay future national health cost. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impacts of school life and home surroundings on adolescent's smoking. The result of this study will be utilized to promote antismoking moods in schools and homes. Method: Samples of the study are all middle and high school students in one community. The surveys were conducted from May 13th to October 29th, 2004 using the questionnaire developed by researchers. T-test, ANOVA test, Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the differences of teenagers' school life and their home surroundings between smoking and non-smoking groups using SPSS 12.0 English version. Results: The findings were that there was a significant difference between smoking groups and non-smoking groups related to school life and home surroundings. Smokers were less satisfied with their school work and had poor school record and poor relationships with their friends. Smokers had more smoking parents and don't set along with and less satisfied with their parents. Conclusion: In conclusion, the teenagers' school lives and home surroundings have impacts on adolescent's smoking. Therefore, it is very important to include the factors related to the teenagers' school lives and home surroundings in the smoking prohibition program in order to promote antismoking.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.49-60
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• 2013

The spread of smartphone in Korea causes several side effects and raises concerns. Especially, recently the addiction to smartphone of elementary school children has been paid attention to by their parents, teachers, and so on. After literature review, this research presented hypotheses that depression would affect children's addiction to smartphone positively and school life satisfaction (SLS) negatively, in turn their addiction to smartphone would affect SLS negatively. We employed Partial Least Square (PLS) path modeling to test the hypotheses. We found that all hypotheses were supported. The findings of this study suggest that their families and school authorities should make valid measures to lessen children's depression for preventing addicting to smartphone and, in turn, increasing SLS.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.630-639
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to develop children-friendly comic books and animation for dietary education of 3rd or 4th grade elementary students. Through a literature review on current dietary problems and dietary education for children, 15 educational themes were chosen on both healthy eating and safe dietary life. Comic books and animation were developed based on the themes by the brainstorming and help of professional animators, and they were applied and evaluated in the field. The developed comic books and animation, with its own characters, proved to be of high quality and effective educational materials for children's healthy and safe eating. Compared with the reference group, the tested group has shown a significant improvement in dietary knowledge and attitude (p < 0.05). And both parents (level of understanding 4.29, level of interest 4.49, level of usefulness 4.46, level of design satisfaction 3.95 in 5-point Likert scale) and children (level of understanding 4.63, level of interest 4.57, level of usefulness of 1st comic book 4.44, 2nd comic book 4.49, level of design satisfaction 4.06, level of usefulness for knowledge pages 4.22 in 5-point Likert scale) have shown high levels of interests and satisfaction. Therefore, these materials could be utilized as effective educational materials for elementary students in school lunch time, extra-curricular activities, or after school programs.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.3-13
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors negatively affecting college life, to investigate the perception gap between housing types, and to generate preliminary data for increasing residential satisfaction of students who live in temporary housing(e.g., dormitory or one-room). The utilized research methods included a questionnaire survey and an in-depth interview. The college students, especially from other regions, experienced more financial difficulties than others. They managed their tuition and living expense/allowance by parents supports and other sources(e.g., scholarship, arbeit, work in college, loan etc.). The reasons to choose dormitory, as temporary housing, were short distance to college and low costs. In case of one room, independent life was main reason to choose. Gender differences affected to the decision, moving away from present temporary housing. For example, male students preferred an independent life and a short commuting distance, while female students preferred an independent life and a safe life. Thus, considering the origin and gender differences of residents, dormitory planning needed to develop plans allowing independent life and to choose appropriate site for the purpose. In case of planning one room apartment, concerns for safety and landscape were more important than other factors.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.95-107
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• 2005

With the aim of diagnostic research on health education. the health promoting behaviors related to elementary school students' weight control. life satisfaction. health state. self-efficacy. parent's interest and knowledge about weight control and school health education of weight control were investigated on the basis of the PRECEDE model. The data for this study were collected from a sample at an elementary school in Chongju for 5 days in July. 2004. In analyzing the data. t-test. one-way ANOVA. chi-square test and multiple regression analysis were done by using SPSS 10.1 The results were as follows : 1. The elementary school students' level of life satisfaction was above half of the full point. The score difference of life satisfaction was statistically significant by grade and academic achievement(F=4.646. p=.010. F=16.042. p=.000). 2. The perceived level of health state was moderate for all students. Normal weight students' level was significantly higher than obese students' (t=3.667. p=.000). 3. The perceived level of health promoting behaviors related to weight control was above the moderate. The perceived level of health promoting behaviors related to weight control in the obese students was significantly higher than that in normal weight students(t=-2.225. p=.027). The students used computer for 1.48 hours and watched TV for 2.52 hours a day. 4. The score of health promoting behavior self-efficacy in this subject was 70.61. 5. The parents' level of interest in the obese students' weight control was significantly higher than that in the normal weight students(t=-4.86. p=.000). 6. Sixty-six percent of the students learned about weight control education in school. 7. The health promoting behavior self-efficacy among the educational diagnostic variables was the most influential variable in students' health promoting behaviors related to weight control. This research diagnosed the needs of weight control education in elementary school by assessing various factors related to weight control behaviors. The research findings suggest that we can enhance the prevention of childhood obesity by strengthening the related factors such as parents' knowledge and interest, health promoting behaviors and self-efficacy related to weight control in school health education.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.165-176
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to contribute to family nursing in the areas of reducing stress and improving coping for parents of mentally retarded children. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires during a period of 2 months between November 1994 and January 1995 in the Kyoung-in area. The subjects consist of 176 parents (88 mothers and 88 fathers) of mentally retarded children attending schools for the handicapped. The levels of general stress and of parental role stress were measured with the General stress scale and the Parental role stress scale, respectively. The coping scale developed by Folkman ＆ LaZarus was adopted to measure the level of coping, and the patterns of adaptation scale developed by Damrosch ＆ Perry was adopted to measure the patterns of adaptation. The data were analyzed by a SAS program using Fisher's exact test, paired t-test, and oneway ANOVA. The results are as follows ; 1. The level of general stress was significantly higher in mothers than in fathers. Mothers experienced a significantly greater level of parental role stress than fathers did. No significant difference in the level of coping was observed between mothers and fathers. There were differences in maternal and paternal patterns of adaptation. 2. The adaptation pattern of fathers was different according to their level of general stress, parental role stress and coping. The adaptation pattern of mothers was not different according to their level of general stress and parental role stress, but was according to their level of coping. 3. General stress experienced by fathers was different according to education, health status and support from their spouses. Satisfaction with family life, satisfaction with spouse and the support from spouse influenced coping used by fathers. Their level of parental role stress was not associated with any of their general characteristics. 4. In mothers, the level of general stress was different according to their health status, the level of parental role stress was related to satisfaction with family life and satisfaction with spouse. Their level of coping was associated with the sup port from spouse. The above findings indicate that mothers did not have more coping strategies than fathers did, despite the results which showed that mothers experienced greater stress than fathers did. Especially, the adaptation pattern of mothers was different according to their level of coping. Hence, nursing interventions directed at managing stress and improving coping should be used with mothers who use adaptation pattern 1. In particular, fathers should actively participate in parenting, and support their spouses.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.267-280
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• 2013

College tuition is a significant economic, social, and political issue in Korea. We conduct a Bayesian analysis of a hierarchical model to address the factors related to college tuition based on a survey data collected by Statistics Korea. A binary response variable is selected depending on if more than 70% of tuition costs are supported by parents, and a hierarchical Probit model is constructed with areas as groups. A set of explanatory variables is selected from a factor analysis of available variables in the survey. A Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm is used to estimate parameters. From the analysis results, income and stress are significantly related to college tuition support from parents. Parents with high income tend to support children's college tuition and students with parents' financial support tend to be mentally less stressed; subsequently, this shows that the economic status of parents significantly affects the mental health of college students. Gender, a healthy life style, and college satisfaction are not significant factors. Comparing areas in terms of the degrees of correlation between stress/income and tuition support from parents, students in Kangwon-do are the most mentally stressed when parents' support is limited; in addition, the positive correlation between parents support and income is stronger in big cities compared to provincial areas.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.6595-6603
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• 2015

This study analyzes the moderating effects of the self-esteem on the life satisfaction of 2,040 middle school senior students using the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2012 Data (KCYPS 2012) provided by the National Youth Policy Institute. The path analysis of how environmental characteristics, such as parents, friends, and school, affect life satisfaction, is based on four groups of self-esteem, categorized by positive and negative self-evaluation levels. The analysis suggests that groups with higher levels of positive self-evaluation have closer relevance in more paths than other groups. Furthermore, in groups with higher levels of negative self-evaluation, negative effects on life satisfaction are offset by positive self-evaluation. These results suggest research associated with the mental health of adolescents and their self-esteem should be performed according to two separate levels of self-esteem: positive self-evaluation and negative self-evaluation. Since low levels of negative self-evaluation doesn't necessarily guarantee high levels of positive self-evaluation, counseling for adolescents needs to have different tracks, addressing positive and negative self-evaluation levels.